{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.cell","code":"thing-cell","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/cell/","name":"cell","alternateNames":["recombinant","blastomere","egg","nit","spawn","roe","silkworm seed","flagellated cell","choanocyte","collar cell","fiber","fibre"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.1","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Cross-cutting context","entryKind":"noun.Tops","plane":"XCT","domain":["XCT.TOP"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{"substance":"abstract","origin":"conceptual","agency":"inert","mobility":"not-applicable","scale":"not-applicable","affordances":["observable"]}},"whatItIs":"In biology, the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms, bounded by a membrane and able to exist alone or as part of a multicellular body, typically containing genetic material, although some specialised cells, such as mature mammalian red blood cells, lack it.","purpose":"Let an agent handle cells by type, organism, structure and state, as the unit underlying biology, medicine and biotechnology.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["A cell is a membrane-bound unit of life.","Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus; eukaryotic cells typically have one, although some specialised cells, such as mature mammalian red blood cells, lack a nucleus.","Multicellular organisms contain specialised cell types.","Other senses of cell, including battery, prison and spreadsheet senses, are different entries."],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"type","name":"Type","description":"What kind of cell.","layers":[{"id":"classification","name":"Classification","description":"Prokaryote, eukaryote, cell type.","findings":[{"id":"classification-finding","name":"Cell type","description":"The cell type.","questions":[{"text":"What type of cell is this, by Cell Ontology term?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"From which organism and tissue?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"markers","name":"Markers","description":"How type is confirmed.","findings":[{"id":"markers-finding","name":"Markers","description":"Markers used.","questions":[{"text":"Which markers confirm the type?","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"How reliable is that identification?","kind":"measurement"}]}]}]},{"id":"structure-and-function","name":"Structure and function","description":"What it has and does.","layers":[{"id":"structure","name":"Structure","description":"Membrane and organelles.","findings":[{"id":"structure-finding","name":"Structure","description":"Structures present.","questions":[{"text":"Which structures does it have?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"How large is it?","kind":"measurement"}]}]},{"id":"function","name":"Function","description":"Role in the organism.","findings":[{"id":"function-finding","name":"Function","description":"What it does.","questions":[{"text":"What is its function?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"How does it divide or die?","kind":"definition"}]}]}]},{"id":"culture-and-research","name":"Culture and research","description":"Working with cells.","layers":[{"id":"culture","name":"Culture","description":"Growing cells.","findings":[{"id":"culture-finding","name":"Culture conditions","description":"Culture conditions.","questions":[{"text":"Under what conditions is it cultured?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Has the cell line been authenticated?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"biosafety","name":"Biosafety","description":"Containment.","findings":[{"id":"biosafety-finding","name":"Biosafety level","description":"Required containment.","questions":[{"text":"Which biosafety level applies?","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"Could it carry pathogens?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"ethics-and-medicine","name":"Ethics and medicine","description":"Human cells and therapy.","layers":[{"id":"consent","name":"Consent","description":"Donor consent.","findings":[{"id":"consent-finding","name":"Consent","description":"Consent for human cells.","questions":[{"text":"Was donor consent obtained, and for what uses?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the donor identity protected?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"therapy","name":"Therapy","description":"Cell therapies.","findings":[{"id":"therapy-finding","name":"Therapy status","description":"Regulatory status.","questions":[{"text":"Is a cell therapy approved, or experimental?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Where should people get reliable information?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Explain cell biology from reputable sources.","Record cell line identity and authentication results in a lab it is authorized to support."],"mustNot":["Use cell lines that have not been authenticated as if they were.","Advise work with infected or hazardous cultures outside biosafety rules.","Use human cells or tissue without the donor's consent and ethics approval.","Help modify cells to create a biological threat."],"requiresHuman":["Approving research on human cells or embryos."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Human cells come from people who have rights over how their tissue is used.","Contaminated cell lines waste research and can mislead medicine."],"affectedParties":["Donors of human cells","Researchers","Patients relying on research"]},"owners":{"steward":"The institution holding the cells, under the donor's consent and research ethics rules.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Cell line repositories"]},"relations":[{"target":"oewn-00004258-n","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"organism","type":"related","note":"organisms are made of cells"},{"target":"biology","type":"related","note":"cell biology"},{"target":"DNA","type":"contains","note":"genetic material"},{"target":"battery cell and other cells","type":"related","note":"homonyms"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.cell","Open English WordNet: oewn-00006484-n","Cell Ontology id: CL: plus digits cell types","Cellosaurus accession: CVCL_ plus code cell lines"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":["diameter: 1-100 micrometres - bacteria about 1-2, human cells 10-30","cells in a human body: about 3.7 x 10^13 cells"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Microscopy with stains shows membrane, nucleus and organelles","Shape and size suggest type; markers confirm it","Eggs, roe and spawn are cells or clusters of them in everyday language","Microscopic units, typically 1-100 micrometres, with a membrane and internal structures visible under staining; eggs and some algae are larger."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["observe it, under a microscope","culture it, in laboratories under biosafety rules","count and classify it, for diagnosis","engineer it, in regulated biotechnology"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Misidentified or contaminated cell lines","Biosafety lapses with infected cultures","Ethical breaches in human cell research"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Biosafety rules for cell culture","Regulation of human tissues and cells, such as EU Directive 2004/23/EC","Stem cell research regulations"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Cells are the units of life; people study, culture and engineer them for medicine, research and industry.","prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells","animal, plant, fungal cells","specialised types: neurons, blood cells, gametes","stem cells","cell lines in culture"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Open English WordNet 2024, synset oewn-00006484-n","url":"https://en-word.net/id/oewn-00006484-n","note":"sense and gloss of the concept"},{"title":"Wiktionary: cell","url":"https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cell","note":"word senses and usage"}],"openQuestions":["Should cell types be separate entries using the Cell Ontology?","How should cell lines be linked to Cellosaurus?","The registry entry has merged aliases such as roe and silkworm seed; should they be split off?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-cell/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-cell/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-11T05:07:43Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-08T19:05:20+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: WordNet gloss; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane XCT: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}