{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.document-possession","code":"thing-document-possession","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/document-possession/","name":"document","alternateNames":["cash equivalent","certificate of deposit","CD","letter of credit","commercial letter of credit","traveler's letter of credit","traveller's letter of credit","traveler's check","traveller's check","banker's check","time deposit","debt instrument"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.1","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Society, people and institutions","entryKind":"noun.possession","plane":"SOC","domain":["SOC.ECO"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{"substance":"social","origin":"conceptual","agency":"inert","mobility":"not-applicable","scale":"not-applicable","affordances":["observable"]}},"whatItIs":"A written account of ownership or of an obligation, such as a certificate, deed, letter of credit, bond certificate or certificate of deposit, whose possession or presentation carries legal or financial effect.","purpose":"Let an agent treat such documents as instruments whose authenticity, holder and terms decide rights, and never as ordinary texts.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Carries rights: holding or presenting it has legal effect","Negotiable instruments can transfer rights by endorsement or delivery","Increasingly dematerialised into registers and electronic records","Distinct from informational documents, which carry no such rights"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"instrument","name":"Instrument","description":"What kind and what it gives.","layers":[{"id":"type","name":"Type","description":"Deed, certificate, credit, receipt.","findings":[{"id":"type-finding","name":"Instrument type","description":"The type and governing law.","questions":[{"text":"What type of instrument is this, under which law?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is it negotiable?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"rights","name":"Rights","description":"The right or obligation recorded.","findings":[{"id":"rights-finding","name":"Recorded right","description":"What the document entitles or obliges.","questions":[{"text":"What right or obligation does it record, and for how much?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"What conditions must be met to enforce it?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"parties-and-holder","name":"Parties and holder","description":"Who issued it and who holds it.","layers":[{"id":"issuer","name":"Issuer","description":"The obligor or registry.","findings":[{"id":"issuer-finding","name":"Issuer identity","description":"Who issued it.","questions":[{"text":"Who issued this document, and are they authorised to?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the issuer solvent or still in existence?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"holder","name":"Holder","description":"The current holder.","findings":[{"id":"holder-finding","name":"Holder record","description":"Who holds it and how they got it.","questions":[{"text":"Who is the current holder, and by what chain of transfer?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the holder entitled to enforce it?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"authenticity-and-validity","name":"Authenticity and validity","description":"Is it genuine and current.","layers":[{"id":"authenticity","name":"Authenticity","description":"Security features and verification.","findings":[{"id":"authenticity-finding","name":"Verification","description":"How it was verified.","questions":[{"text":"How can this document be verified with the issuer or registry?","kind":"action"},{"text":"Which security features are present?","kind":"definition"}]}]},{"id":"validity","name":"Validity","description":"Dates and cancellation.","findings":[{"id":"validity-finding","name":"Validity status","description":"Whether it is still valid.","questions":[{"text":"Is it still valid, and until when?","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"Has it been cancelled or replaced?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"transfer-and-custody","name":"Transfer and custody","description":"Moving and keeping it.","layers":[{"id":"transfer","name":"Transfer","description":"Endorsement, delivery, registration.","findings":[{"id":"transfer-finding","name":"Transfer rules","description":"How it is transferred.","questions":[{"text":"How is this document transferred, and what records the transfer?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"What taxes or fees apply?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"custody","name":"Custody","description":"Storage and loss.","findings":[{"id":"custody-finding","name":"Custody arrangement","description":"Where it is kept and what happens if lost.","questions":[{"text":"Where is it kept, and by whom?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"How is a lost document replaced?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Read and summarise the terms of a document of title or obligation for its holder.","Check a document against the stated requirements, such as those of a letter of credit, and report discrepancies.","Record where an original is kept and who holds it."],"mustNot":["Forge, alter or back-date a deed, certificate or other instrument.","Present or transfer a document on behalf of someone who is not its lawful holder.","Act on an instrument that has expired, been cancelled or reported lost or stolen.","Destroy or hide an original without the holder's instruction."],"requiresHuman":["Endorsing, presenting or surrendering a document that transfers ownership or money.","Declaring a document lost and requesting a replacement."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Possession of these documents carries rights, so loss or forgery can transfer wealth unjustly.","Documentary checks must be applied consistently, not bent for favoured parties."],"affectedParties":["The lawful holder","Issuers and obligors","Banks and counterparties relying on the document"]},"owners":{"steward":"The lawful holder of the document; the issuer answers for the obligation it records.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Land registries","Securities depositories and share registers"]},"relations":[{"target":"oewn-00033319-n","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"document","type":"related","note":"shares authorship, format and retention questions"},{"target":"ownership or obligation","type":"related","note":"the right it records is a separate model"},{"target":"endorsement or registration","type":"related","note":"rules differ by kind"},{"target":"money","type":"related","note":"cash equivalents are near-money but not legal tender"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.document-possession","Open English WordNet: oewn-13424504-n","ISIN: 12-character code securities","land registry title number: jurisdiction-specific real property"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":[]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Issuer name, identifying numbers and security features","Signatures, seals or electronic signatures","Titles such as certificate, deed, letter of credit","A formal paper or electronic record with issuer details, parties, amounts, dates, signatures, seals or security features."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["issue it, by the obligor or registry","hold, transfer or endorse it, under the rules for its kind","present it, to claim payment or delivery","verify it, for authenticity and validity"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Forgery and fraud","Loss or destruction of a bearer document","Discrepancies that make a document non-compliant, such as under a letter of credit","Acting on an expired or cancelled instrument"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["UCP 600 for documentary credits","Uniform laws on bills of exchange and national negotiable instruments law","UNCITRAL Model Law on Electronic Transferable Records","Land registration law"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Evidencing and transferring ownership or claims, and securing payment.","title documents: deeds, certificates of title","financial instruments: certificates of deposit, bonds, share certificates","trade documents: letters of credit, bills of lading, warehouse receipts","cash equivalents"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Open English WordNet 2024, synset oewn-13424504-n","url":"https://en-word.net/id/oewn-13424504-n","note":"sense and gloss of the concept"},{"title":"Wiktionary: document","url":"https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/document","note":"word senses and usage"}],"openQuestions":["Should each instrument type be a separate entry?","How should electronic transferable records be represented?","What must an agent verify before relying on such a document?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-document-possession/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-document-possession/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-11T04:36:02Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T12:16:27+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: WordNet gloss; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane SOC: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}