{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.duty-possession","code":"thing-duty-possession","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/duty-possession/","name":"duty","alternateNames":["tariff","customs","customs duty","custom","impost","ship money","tonnage","tunnage","tonnage duty","octroi","revenue tariff","protective tariff"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.1","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Society, people and institutions","entryKind":"noun.possession","plane":"SOC","domain":["SOC.ECO"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{"substance":"social","origin":"conceptual","agency":"inert","mobility":"not-applicable","scale":"not-applicable","affordances":["observable"]}},"whatItIs":"A government tax on imports or exports, such as customs duties and tariffs, charged by classification and origin of goods.","purpose":"Let an agent explain customs duties factually by goods classification, origin, rate, procedures and exemptions, without giving individual tax advice.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Tax on cross-border goods","Depends on classification, value and origin","Trade agreements reduce rates","Separate from VAT on imports"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"goods","name":"Goods","description":"Classification.","layers":[{"id":"code","name":"Code","description":"Tariff code.","findings":[{"id":"code-finding","name":"Code","description":"Classification.","questions":[{"text":"Which tariff code applies to the goods?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is there a binding tariff ruling?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"origin","name":"Origin","description":"Rules of origin.","findings":[{"id":"origin-finding","name":"Origin","description":"Origin.","questions":[{"text":"Where do the goods originate under the rules?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is preferential treatment available?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"rate","name":"Rate","description":"How much.","layers":[{"id":"duty","name":"Duty","description":"Rate.","findings":[{"id":"duty-finding","name":"Duty","description":"Duty rate.","questions":[{"text":"What is the duty rate, from the official tariff database?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Ad valorem or specific?","kind":"definition"}]}]},{"id":"value","name":"Value","description":"Customs value.","findings":[{"id":"value-finding","name":"Value","description":"Customs value.","questions":[{"text":"How is the customs value calculated?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"What is the total charge including VAT?","kind":"measurement"}]}]}]},{"id":"procedure","name":"Procedure","description":"Declaring goods.","layers":[{"id":"declaration","name":"Declaration","description":"Customs forms.","findings":[{"id":"declaration-finding","name":"Declaration","description":"Declaration.","questions":[{"text":"Which declaration is required?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Who can file it?","kind":"definition"}]}]},{"id":"reliefs","name":"Reliefs","description":"Exemptions.","findings":[{"id":"reliefs-finding","name":"Reliefs","description":"Reliefs.","questions":[{"text":"Are there reliefs or exemptions for these goods?","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"What conditions apply?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"limits","name":"Limits","description":"Advice and senses.","layers":[{"id":"advice","name":"Advice","description":"Professionals.","findings":[{"id":"advice-finding","name":"Advice","description":"Advice limit.","questions":[{"text":"Is the user asking for advice on their own customs liability?","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"Should a customs broker be consulted?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"senses","name":"Senses","description":"Obligation.","findings":[{"id":"senses-finding","name":"Senses","description":"Other senses.","questions":[{"text":"Is duty as a moral or legal obligation meant?","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"Which entry fits?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Look up duty rates from the official tariff for a given classification and origin.","Explain how classification and origin affect duty in general terms."],"mustNot":["Misclassify goods or misstate origin or value to reduce duty.","Help smuggle goods past customs.","Present an estimated duty as the official assessment.","Collect duty or fees while claiming to be a customs authority."],"requiresHuman":["Submitting customs declarations on someone's behalf.","Paying duties or appealing an assessment."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Duties fund public services and protect industries; evasion shifts the cost to others.","Tariffs raise prices for consumers and can hit poorer countries hardest."],"affectedParties":["Importers and exporters","Consumers","Public finances"]},"owners":{"steward":"The customs authority of the jurisdiction that levies it.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Customs tariff databases"]},"relations":[{"target":"oewn-13334921-n","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"tax","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"customs tariff","type":"related","note":"schedule"},{"target":"customs authority","type":"related","note":"collector"},{"target":"duty (obligation)","type":"related","note":"another sense"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.duty-possession","Open English WordNet: oewn-13337021-n","HS code: six-digit Harmonized System code goods classification","CN code: eight-digit EU Combined Nomenclature EU tariff"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":[]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["HS or CN tariff codes","Ad valorem or specific rates","Duty as moral obligation is another sense","Tariff schedules, customs declarations and payment receipts."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["classify goods by tariff code","look up duty rates","check preferential origin rules","understand import declarations"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Wrong classification","Unexpected charges on delivery","Agents giving individual tax advice"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["WCO Harmonized System","WTO agreements","EU Union Customs Code","Free trade agreements and rules of origin"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Raising revenue and regulating trade.","ad valorem duties","specific duties","anti-dumping and countervailing duties","export duties","historical imposts"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Open English WordNet 2024, synset oewn-13337021-n","url":"https://en-word.net/id/oewn-13337021-n","note":"sense and gloss of the concept"},{"title":"Wiktionary: duty","url":"https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/duty","note":"word senses and usage"}],"openQuestions":["Should duty types be separate entries?","How should tariff databases be linked?","How should the obligation sense be split off?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-duty-possession/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-duty-possession/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-11T08:04:56Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-08T18:54:35+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: WordNet gloss; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane SOC: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}