{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.lightning","code":"thing-lightning","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/lightning/","name":"lightning","alternateNames":["forked lightning","chain lightning","thunderbolt","bolt","bolt of lightning"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.1","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"noun.phenomenon","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.FLW"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{"substance":"energy","origin":"natural","agency":"inert","mobility":"not-applicable","scale":"not-applicable","affordances":["observable"]}},"whatItIs":"A sudden electrostatic discharge within clouds, between clouds or between a cloud and the ground, producing a bright flash and thunder; visible forms include forked and sheet lightning, and strikes cause injuries, fires and damage; ball lightning is a reported luminous phenomenon whose physical mechanism remains unsettled and is not established as the same kind of thunder-producing electrostatic discharge.","purpose":"Let an agent handle lightning by physics, forms, safety guidance, protection systems and warnings, routing lightning injuries to emergency care.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Electrical discharge","Accompanied by thunder","Deadly and destructive","Forecast as thunderstorm risk"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"safety","name":"Safety","description":"Protection now.","layers":[{"id":"shelter","name":"Shelter","description":"What to do.","findings":[{"id":"shelter-finding","name":"Shelter","description":"Lightning safety.","questions":[{"text":"Is a thunderstorm nearby, and where is safe shelter according to official guidance?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"How long should people wait after the last thunder?","kind":"measurement"}]}]},{"id":"injury","name":"Injury","description":"Emergency.","findings":[{"id":"injury-finding","name":"Injury","description":"Lightning injuries.","questions":[{"text":"Has someone been struck by lightning?","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"Which emergency number should be called, and is it safe to help them?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"warnings","name":"Warnings","description":"Forecasts.","layers":[{"id":"forecast","name":"Forecast","description":"Thunderstorm risk.","findings":[{"id":"forecast-finding","name":"Forecast","description":"Thunderstorm warnings.","questions":[{"text":"What thunderstorm warnings are in force?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which service issues them?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"detection","name":"Detection","description":"Lightning maps.","findings":[{"id":"detection-finding","name":"Detection","description":"Lightning detection.","questions":[{"text":"Where can live lightning detection maps be found?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"How accurate are they?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"physics","name":"Physics","description":"How it forms.","layers":[{"id":"charge","name":"Charge","description":"Separation.","findings":[{"id":"charge-finding","name":"Charge","description":"Charge separation.","questions":[{"text":"How does charge separate in storm clouds?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"What triggers a discharge?","kind":"definition"}]}]},{"id":"thunder","name":"Thunder","description":"Sound.","findings":[{"id":"thunder-finding","name":"Thunder","description":"Thunder.","questions":[{"text":"Why does thunder follow lightning?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"How can distance be estimated from the delay?","kind":"measurement"}]}]}]},{"id":"protection","name":"Protection","description":"Buildings.","layers":[{"id":"systems","name":"Systems","description":"Lightning conductors.","findings":[{"id":"systems-finding","name":"Systems","description":"Protection systems.","questions":[{"text":"Does this building need a lightning protection system?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which standard applies?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"surge","name":"Surge","description":"Electronics.","findings":[{"id":"surge-finding","name":"Surge","description":"Surge protection.","questions":[{"text":"How can electronics be protected from surges?","kind":"action"},{"text":"Should an electrician install surge protection?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Report lightning warnings and detection data from weather services.","Advise people to seek shelter during thunderstorms."],"mustNot":["Advise people to shelter under trees, in open fields or on water during storms.","Downplay a lightning warning for outdoor events.","Advise touching lightning protection systems or damaging their earthing."],"requiresHuman":["Calling off outdoor events or work for storms."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Lightning kills and injures people outdoors, especially farm workers in poorer countries.","It starts wildfires that harm communities."],"affectedParties":["People outdoors","Outdoor workers","Event crowds"]},"owners":{"steward":"Nobody owns it; weather services monitor and warn.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Lightning detection network data"]},"relations":[{"target":"oewn-11496631-n","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"atmospheric electrical phenomenon","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"thunderstorm","type":"related","note":"weather"},{"target":"thunder","type":"related","note":"effect"},{"target":"lightning protection system","type":"related","note":"protection"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.lightning","Open English WordNet: oewn-11495679-n"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["peak current: about 30000 A - typical cloud-to-ground stroke"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Forked and sheet lightning","Thunder after the flash","Ball lightning is rare and poorly understood","Bright branching flashes of light, followed by thunder."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["follow lightning safety guidance","find thunderstorm warnings","explain how lightning forms","understand lightning protection for buildings"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Lightning strike injuries","Fires and power outages","Unsafe shelter choices"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["IEC 62305 lightning protection","National weather warning services"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["A natural hazard and atmospheric phenomenon.","cloud-to-ground lightning","intracloud and cloud-to-cloud lightning","sheet lightning","ball lightning","volcanic lightning"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Open English WordNet 2024, synset oewn-11495679-n","url":"https://en-word.net/id/oewn-11495679-n","note":"sense and gloss of the concept"},{"title":"Wiktionary: lightning","url":"https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/lightning","note":"word senses and usage"}],"openQuestions":["Should lightning forms be separate entries?","How should warning services be linked?","How should ball lightning be described?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-lightning/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-lightning/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-11T10:55:24Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-08T18:54:35+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: WordNet gloss; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}