{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.outbreak","code":"thing-outbreak","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/outbreak/","name":"outbreak","alternateNames":["eruption","irruption","epidemic","pandemic","recrudescence"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.4","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Activities and processes","entryKind":"noun.event","plane":"ACT","domain":["ACT.EVT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{"substance":"activity","origin":"conceptual","agency":"inert","mobility":"not-applicable","scale":"not-applicable","affordances":["observable"]}},"whatItIs":"A sudden violent spontaneous occurrence, usually of an undesirable condition, in the WordNet sense covering outbreaks of disease from local clusters through epidemics to pandemics and recrudescences of past infections, and also eruptions of violence, war or unrest and irruptions of pests or populations; outbreak investigation and response are core public health activities.","purpose":"Let an agent explain outbreaks as sudden occurrences, relay disease outbreak concepts, investigation and response from public health sources in general terms, describe non-medical senses such as outbreaks of violence and pest irruptions, and distinguish outbreak from epidemic and pandemic as scales and from endemic conditions.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Sudden onset","Above expected level","Investigation and response","Several senses"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"What an outbreak is.","layers":[{"id":"definition","name":"Definition","description":"Definition and senses.","findings":[{"id":"definition-finding","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","questions":[{"text":"What is an outbreak, and how do outbreak, epidemic, pandemic, recrudescence and endemic differ?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is the question about disease, violence, pests or a personal health matter needing a clinician?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"senses","name":"Senses","description":"Non-medical senses.","findings":[{"id":"senses-finding","name":"Senses","description":"Senses.","questions":[{"text":"What are outbreaks of violence, irruptions of pests and eruptions in this broad sense?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits the specific sense?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"response","name":"Response","description":"Outbreak response.","layers":[{"id":"investigation","name":"Investigation","description":"Investigation.","findings":[{"id":"investigation-finding","name":"Investigation","description":"Investigation.","questions":[{"text":"How do public health teams detect, investigate and control outbreaks?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"rules","name":"Rules","description":"Reporting rules.","findings":[{"id":"rules-finding","name":"Rules","description":"Rules.","questions":[{"text":"What do the International Health Regulations and national rules require?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which sources are cited?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"cases","name":"Cases","description":"Notable outbreaks.","layers":[{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"Historical outbreaks.","findings":[{"id":"history-finding","name":"History","description":"History.","questions":[{"text":"What were the major historical epidemics and pandemics?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits the specific pandemic?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"recent","name":"Recent","description":"Recent outbreaks.","findings":[{"id":"recent-finding","name":"Recent","description":"Recent.","questions":[{"text":"What lessons came from recent outbreaks such as Ebola and COVID-19, with positions attributed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the presentation neutral?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"context","name":"Context","description":"Preparedness and language.","layers":[{"id":"preparedness","name":"Preparedness","description":"Preparedness.","findings":[{"id":"preparedness-finding","name":"Preparedness","description":"Preparedness.","questions":[{"text":"How do countries prepare for outbreaks?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits pandemic preparedness?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"language","name":"Language","description":"Language.","findings":[{"id":"language-finding","name":"Language","description":"Language.","questions":[{"text":"How is outbreak used figuratively, and how do media use the term?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits health communication?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Explain outbreaks of disease and violence and how they are recognised.","Relay official outbreak reports with source and date.","Point people to public health or safety guidance."],"mustNot":["Spread unverified claims about an outbreak or its cause.","Blame a group, place or nationality for an outbreak.","Assist in starting or worsening an outbreak of disease or violence.","Disclose the identity of cases or victims."],"requiresHuman":["Declaring or reporting an outbreak to authorities or the public."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Outbreaks spread fear; false information costs lives.","Blame for outbreaks has fed discrimination and violence against minorities."],"affectedParties":["Affected communities","Health and emergency workers","Groups blamed for outbreaks"]},"owners":{"steward":"Nobody owns an outbreak; public health and civil authorities answer for the response.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Notifiable disease surveillance systems"]},"relations":[{"target":"oewn-07298313-n","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"event","type":"related","note":"in general terms"},{"target":"epidemiology","type":"related","note":"in public health"},{"target":"endemic","type":"related","note":"steady occurrence"},{"target":"epidemic","type":"related","note":"a large-scale outbreak"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.outbreak","Open English WordNet: oewn-07449873-n","WordNet: oewn-07298313-n a sudden violent spontaneous occurrence"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":["outbreak definition: more cases than expected in a place and time note - public health","WHO Disease Outbreak News: ongoing series note","COVID-19 declared pandemic: 11 March 2020 date"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Sudden occurrence of an undesirable condition","Disease outbreak, epidemic, pandemic, recrudescence, eruption, irruption","Endemic disease is steady; an epidemic is a large outbreak; a pandemic spans countries","Not a visible object; a sudden rise in cases or events."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain senses and scales","relay outbreak response","describe non-medical senses","distinguish related terms"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Delayed detection and response","Agents giving personal medical advice","Confusing senses and scales"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["International Health Regulations 2005","National notifiable disease and outbreak reporting rules"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Not applicable; a category of event.","disease outbreaks, epidemics and pandemics","recrudescence of past infections","foodborne and waterborne outbreaks","outbreaks of violence, war and unrest","pest and population irruptions","volcanic and other eruptions in a loose sense"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Open English WordNet 2024, synset oewn-07449873-n","url":"https://en-word.net/id/oewn-07449873-n","note":"sense and gloss of the concept"},{"title":"Wiktionary: outbreak","url":"https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/outbreak","note":"word senses and usage"}],"openQuestions":["Should epidemic, pandemic and outbreak investigation be the primary linked entries?","How should public health sources be linked?","How should the non-medical senses be kept apart?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-outbreak/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-outbreak/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-13T13:18:58Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T12:16:28+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: WordNet gloss; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane ACT: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}