{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.distillation","code":"thing-q101017","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q101017/","name":"distillation","alternateNames":["Multi-stage flash distillation","hydrodistillation","subboiling distillation","steam distillation","differential distillation","palinka brewing","extractive distillation","vacuum distillation","Short path distillation","Multiple-effect distillation","Catalytic distillation","batch distillation"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.1","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Activities and processes","entryKind":"thing","plane":"ACT","domain":["ACT.PRC"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A separation process that heats a liquid mixture to vaporise components with different boiling points and condenses the vapour, used in oil refining, water desalination, essential oil production, laboratory purification and licensed spirit production.","purpose":"Let an agent explain distillation principles, types and industrial uses, note the legal status of distilling spirits and the dangers of unlicensed home spirits, without giving instructions for unlicensed alcohol production.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Separates by volatility","Many configurations","Energy-intensive","Regulated for spirits and chemicals"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"principle","name":"Principle","description":"How it works.","layers":[{"id":"volatility","name":"Volatility","description":"Boiling points.","findings":[{"id":"volatility-finding","name":"Volatility","description":"Separation principle.","questions":[{"text":"Why do components separate during distillation?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"What limits separation, such as azeotropes?","kind":"definition"}]}]},{"id":"types","name":"Types","description":"Configurations.","findings":[{"id":"types-finding","name":"Types","description":"Distillation types.","questions":[{"text":"Which type of distillation suits this separation?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Why?","kind":"definition"}]}]}]},{"id":"industry","name":"Industry","description":"Applications.","layers":[{"id":"refining","name":"Refining","description":"Oil fractions.","findings":[{"id":"refining-finding","name":"Refining","description":"Oil refining.","questions":[{"text":"How does fractional distillation separate crude oil?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which fractions result?","kind":"definition"}]}]},{"id":"water","name":"Water","description":"Desalination.","findings":[{"id":"water-finding","name":"Water","description":"Desalination.","questions":[{"text":"How is distillation used to produce fresh water?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"How energy-intensive is it?","kind":"measurement"}]}]}]},{"id":"safety","name":"Safety","description":"Hazards.","layers":[{"id":"fire","name":"Fire","description":"Flammable vapours.","findings":[{"id":"fire-finding","name":"Fire","description":"Fire hazard.","questions":[{"text":"What controls prevent fires and explosions?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which regulations apply?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"methanol","name":"Methanol","description":"Poisoning.","findings":[{"id":"methanol-finding","name":"Methanol","description":"Methanol poisoning.","questions":[{"text":"Has someone drunk illicit spirits and developed vision problems or severe illness?","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"Which poison centre or emergency number should be called?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"law","name":"Law","description":"Spirits.","layers":[{"id":"licence","name":"Licence","description":"Legal status.","findings":[{"id":"licence-finding","name":"Licence","description":"Licensing.","questions":[{"text":"Is distilling spirits legal without a licence here?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which authority issues licences?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"limits","name":"Limits","description":"No illicit instructions.","findings":[{"id":"limits-finding","name":"Limits","description":"Instruction limits.","questions":[{"text":"Is the request for instructions to produce unlicensed spirits?","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"How should the agent decline and point to legal information?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Explain the principle of distillation and its industrial, laboratory and water uses.","Monitor a licensed distillation plant's readings and alarms for its operator."],"mustNot":["Assist in illicit production of spirits or in evading excise or licensing rules.","Help distil or purify substances for use as weapons or illegal drugs.","Operate or advise on distillation equipment outside its pressure, temperature and ventilation safety limits.","Present home-distilled spirits as safe to drink."],"requiresHuman":["Restarting a still or column after a fire, leak or pressure alarm."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Badly made spirits poison people, sometimes in large numbers.","Stills handle flammable vapours that can burn or explode."],"affectedParties":["Plant workers","Drinkers of spirits","Neighbours of plants"]},"owners":{"steward":"The licensed operator of the plant, under excise and safety regulation.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Excise licence registers"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q2281940","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q898987","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"separation process","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"oil refinery and desalination plant","type":"related","note":"applications"},{"target":"distillate","type":"related","note":"product"},{"target":"excise and chemical safety law","type":"related","note":"regulation"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.distillation","Wikidata: Q101017 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101017)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":[]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Heating vessel, column, condenser","Fractions collected by boiling range","Evaporation alone does not condense and collect","Stills, columns, condensers and receiving vessels."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain how distillation works","compare types such as fractional and steam distillation","describe industrial applications","check legal rules on distilling spirits"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Fire and explosion from flammable vapours","Methanol poisoning from unlicensed spirits","Providing instructions for illegal production"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Excise law on spirit production","Process safety regulations","Laboratory safety rules"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Separating and purifying liquids.","simple distillation","fractional distillation","steam and hydrodistillation","vacuum distillation","multi-stage flash desalination"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q101017: distillation","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101017","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Distillation","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distillation","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should distillation types be separate entries?","How should industrial applications be linked?","How should legal status be localised?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q101017/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q101017/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-11T11:14:07Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:51:53+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane ACT: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}