{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.bell","code":"thing-q101401","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q101401/","name":"bell","alternateNames":["peace bell","Agogo","Aja Yoruba","cowbell","handbell","agogô triplo","Agogô","bicycle bell","altar bell","shang","electric bell","school bell"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.2","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.OBJ"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A hollow percussion instrument, usually of cast metal, that produces a resonant tone when struck by an internal clapper or external hammer, ranging from large tower and church bells and peace bells to handbells, cowbells, and African instruments such as the Yoruba agogo, and used for signalling, timekeeping, worship, music and ceremony; bells are cast by founders, tuned by shaping, studied in campanology, and many historic bells are works of art and heritage.","purpose":"Let an agent explain bells and their types, acoustics and manufacture, describe uses in signalling, worship and music across cultures with attribution, identify notable bells with sources, and support heritage and musical questions.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Resonant partials","Cast metal typically","Signalling and music","Ritual significance"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"What bells are.","layers":[{"id":"types","name":"Types","description":"Types and forms.","findings":[{"id":"types-finding","name":"Types","description":"Types.","questions":[{"text":"What types of bell exist across cultures, from tower bells to handbells, cowbells and agogo?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits a specific bell type?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"acoustics","name":"Acoustics","description":"Acoustics and tuning.","findings":[{"id":"acoustics-finding","name":"Acoustics","description":"Acoustics.","questions":[{"text":"How do bells produce their partials, and how are they tuned by founders?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits bell founding?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"use","name":"Use","description":"Uses.","layers":[{"id":"signalling","name":"Signalling","description":"Signalling and worship.","findings":[{"id":"signalling-finding","name":"Signalling","description":"Signalling.","questions":[{"text":"How are bells used for timekeeping, alarms, worship and ceremony in different traditions, in their own terms?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the presentation respectful and attributed?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"music","name":"Music","description":"Bells in music.","findings":[{"id":"music-finding","name":"Music","description":"Music.","questions":[{"text":"How are bells played in change ringing, carillons, handbell ensembles and African and Asian music?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits a specific practice?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"heritage","name":"Heritage","description":"Notable bells and heritage.","layers":[{"id":"notable","name":"Notable","description":"Notable bells.","findings":[{"id":"notable-finding","name":"Notable","description":"Notable.","questions":[{"text":"Which bells are notable for size, age or history, including peace bells?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits a specific bell?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"conserve","name":"Conserve","description":"Conservation.","findings":[{"id":"conserve-finding","name":"Conserve","description":"Conservation.","questions":[{"text":"How are historic bells protected, restored and recast?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits heritage conservation?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"learn","name":"Learn","description":"History and teaching.","layers":[{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History.","findings":[{"id":"history-finding","name":"History","description":"History.","questions":[{"text":"How did bells develop from ancient China and the Near East to European founding traditions?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"teach","name":"Teach","description":"Teaching.","findings":[{"id":"teach-finding","name":"Teach","description":"Teaching.","questions":[{"text":"How can bell acoustics and history be taught?","kind":"action"},{"text":"Which misconceptions arise?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Identify a bell's type, maker, inscription and tuning from records or inspection.","Ring bells it is authorized to ring at the times set by their custodians.","Report cracks, loose fittings or worn frames to the custodians."],"mustNot":["Ring church or temple bells outside the times or customs their community sets.","Ring bells in a way that signals a false alarm, death or emergency.","Send people into a bell tower while bells may swing.","Remove, sell or melt historic bells without the custodians' authority."],"requiresHuman":["Moving, recasting or removing a historic bell.","Using bells to sound an alarm."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Bells carry religious and civic meaning; misuse offends communities and can cause panic.","Swinging bells and their ropes can injure ringers."],"affectedParties":["Worshipping communities","Bell ringers","Neighbours"]},"owners":{"steward":"The church, temple or civic body that keeps it, or the person who owns a handbell.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Heritage inventories of historic bells"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q55721729","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q838948","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"percussion vessel","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"work of art","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"music","type":"related","note":"bells as instruments"},{"target":"metalworking","type":"related","note":"bell founding"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.bell","Wikidata: Q101401 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101401)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["Total mass:  kg - Mass is measured by weighing the bell with the included fittings explicitly identified.","Mouth diameter:  m - Diameter is measured across the open rim, with multiple dimensions recorded for a noncircular opening.","Resonant partial frequency:  Hz - Each partial frequency is measured from the vibration or sound spectrum after excitation.","Sound pressure level:  dB re 20 uPa - Sound pressure level is measured with the strike conditions, microphone distance and frequency weighting documented."]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Hollow struck instrument with resonant tone","Tower bells, handbells, cowbells, agogo","A gong is a flat disc; a chime is a tube or bar","Hollow cup or dome shapes of metal, from tiny to tonnes."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain types and acoustics","describe uses across cultures","identify notable bells","support heritage questions"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Cracked bells","Noise disputes","Loss of historic bells"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Bell founding and tuning conventions","Heritage protection for historic bells","Noise regulations on bell ringing"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Resonant struck instruments.","tower and church bells","handbells and change ringing sets","cowbells and animal bells","African and Asian bells such as agogo and temple bells","peace and commemorative bells"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q101401: bell","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101401","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Bell","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should church bells be a separate entry?","How should bell registers be linked?","How should campanology resources be linked?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q101401/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q101401/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-12T04:01:57Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:25+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}