{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.ch-hai","code":"thing-q1047326","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q1047326/","name":"chūhai","alternateNames":["Horoyoi","Calpis sour","Hyoketsu","Takara Can Chuhai","Lemon dō"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.1.0-research.1","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.MAT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"Chūhai is a Japanese category of alcoholic mixed drink derived from the shōchū highball, typically combining a distilled spirit, carbonated water and flavouring, with modern products also using vodka or other neutral spirits.","purpose":"Enable an agent to recognise chūhai, describe its formulation and serving state, and assess suitable handling and use without assuming that every product has the same alcohol base or composition.","scope":{"in":["Chūhai identity and its boundaries with neighbouring beverage categories","Alcohol base, dilution, carbonation and flavour formulation","Alcohol strength, serving quantity and declared nutritional composition","Packaged and freshly prepared forms","Storage condition, package integrity and readiness for service"],"out":["Production and classification of shōchū, vodka and other base spirits","Cultivation and processing of fruit used as ingredients","General cocktail and alcoholic beverage taxonomies","Manufacturing equipment and packaging material engineering","Individual medical suitability and diagnosis","Licensing and retail operations beyond constraints applicable to the beverage"],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Identify it as a formulated alcoholic drink associated with the chūhai category, rather than treating the name as a single chemical substance.","Check the stated alcohol base and recipe; do not require shōchū solely because of the category name.","Record carbonation and dilution to distinguish the served mixture from an undiluted base spirit or a flavour concentrate.","Use the producer's or preparer's designation together with the formulation to assess boundaries with drinks sold as sours, highballs or other mixed drinks.","Distinguish fruit juice, fruit-derived flavouring and other flavour ingredients; a fruit name alone does not establish juice content."],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"chuhai-identity","name":"Chūhai identity","description":"Establishes why a beverage is represented as chūhai and how that designation relates to its formulation.","layers":[{"id":"designation-evidence","name":"Designation evidence","description":"Records the basis for applying the chūhai name to a product or prepared serving.","findings":[{"id":"documented-category-membership","name":"Documented category membership","description":"Separate an explicit label or menu designation from identity inferred through a recipe.","questions":[{"text":"Does the package, menu or documented recipe explicitly call this beverage chūhai?","id":"documented-category-membership-q01","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Who supplied that designation, and does it refer to this exact product variant or serving?","id":"documented-category-membership-q02","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"neighbouring-drink-boundaries","name":"Neighbouring drink boundaries","description":"Examines overlap with sours, highballs and other spirit-based mixed beverages.","findings":[{"id":"recipe-and-naming-boundary","name":"Recipe and naming boundary","description":"Represent category overlap explicitly instead of inventing a universal ingredient test.","questions":[{"text":"What documented convention distinguishes this chūhai from drinks called sours or highballs in the same context?","id":"recipe-and-naming-boundary-q01","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"Is another beverage name an alternative designation for this same drink or evidence of a different formulation?","id":"recipe-and-naming-boundary-q02","kind":"definition"}]}]}]},{"id":"base-and-flavour-formulation","name":"Base and flavour formulation","description":"Describes the alcohol source, dilution and flavour ingredients of the finished beverage.","layers":[{"id":"alcohol-and-dilution","name":"Alcohol and dilution","description":"Connects the base ingredients to the strength and volume of the finished drink.","findings":[{"id":"finished-drink-composition","name":"Finished drink composition","description":"Distinguish base-spirit strength from finished strength and account for documented dilution.","questions":[{"text":"Which alcohol ingredients and non-alcoholic mixers are declared or recorded in the recipe?","id":"finished-drink-composition-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"What is the finished alcohol by volume, and was it declared, measured or estimated from ingredient quantities?","id":"finished-drink-composition-q02","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"How should added mixer or melting ice be represented when recalculating a prepared serving's concentration?","id":"finished-drink-composition-q03","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"fruit-sweetness-and-acidity","name":"Fruit, sweetness and acidity","description":"Separates flavour naming from actual fruit, sweetener and acid ingredients.","findings":[{"id":"flavour-claim-evidence","name":"Flavour claim evidence","description":"Support flavour and composition comparisons with ingredient or analytical evidence.","questions":[{"text":"Does the named fruit appear as juice, another fruit preparation, flavouring or an unspecified flavour claim?","id":"flavour-claim-evidence-q01","kind":"definition"},{"text":"What juice content, sugar concentration or acidity measurements are available, and on what basis?","id":"flavour-claim-evidence-q02","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Which declared ingredients determine whether the drink meets the user's ingredient preferences?","id":"flavour-claim-evidence-q03","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"serving-and-sensory-state","name":"Serving and sensory state","description":"Represents the drink as actually poured or mixed, including alcohol quantity, carbonation and sensory observations.","layers":[{"id":"portion-and-alcohol-quantity","name":"Portion and alcohol quantity","description":"Relates the actual portion to the amount of alcohol it contains.","findings":[{"id":"documented-serving","name":"Documented serving","description":"Keep package size, poured beverage quantity and added ice distinct.","questions":[{"text":"How many millilitres of beverage are in the serving, excluding unmelted ice?","id":"documented-serving-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Using the documented volume and alcohol by volume, what volume of ethanol does the serving contain?","id":"documented-serving-q02","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Does a requested comparison use equal beverage volumes, whole containers or locally defined standard drinks?","id":"documented-serving-q03","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"carbonation-and-sensory-observation","name":"Carbonation and sensory observation","description":"Records effervescence and flavour observations under known serving conditions.","findings":[{"id":"conditioned-sensory-profile","name":"Conditioned sensory profile","description":"Distinguish intended flavour descriptions from observations of the current serving.","questions":[{"text":"At what temperature and time after opening or mixing were carbonation, aroma and taste assessed?","id":"conditioned-sensory-profile-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Are sweetness, acidity and fruit character producer descriptions or observations of this serving?","id":"conditioned-sensory-profile-q02","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Does unexpectedly weak carbonation warrant checking opening history and the intended formulation before service?","id":"conditioned-sensory-profile-q03","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"packaging-handling-and-use","name":"Packaging, handling and use","description":"Connects product-specific storage instructions and physical condition to serving decisions.","layers":[{"id":"sealed-and-opened-condition","name":"Sealed and opened condition","description":"Tracks container integrity, date information and handling since preparation or opening.","findings":[{"id":"handling-evidence","name":"Handling evidence","description":"Use instructions applicable to the exact formulation and package rather than assuming a universal shelf life.","questions":[{"text":"What storage, date and after-opening instructions are provided for this exact chūhai product?","id":"handling-evidence-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the container sealed and intact, and when was the beverage opened or freshly prepared?","id":"handling-evidence-q02","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Do damage, contamination concerns or departures from documented storage instructions require withholding the drink from service?","id":"handling-evidence-q03","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"claims-and-service-constraints","name":"Claims and service constraints","description":"Records evidence needed to interpret composition claims and applicable conditions of supply.","findings":[{"id":"contextual-use-decision","name":"Contextual use decision","description":"Keep ingredient evidence, marketing claims and jurisdiction-specific requirements distinguishable.","questions":[{"text":"What exact label wording and supporting composition information accompany any sugar, juice or alcohol claim?","id":"contextual-use-decision-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which jurisdiction and current rules govern the intended sale or service of this alcoholic beverage?","id":"contextual-use-decision-q02","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"What missing ingredient or label evidence must be resolved before accepting a requested dietary or composition constraint?","id":"contextual-use-decision-q03","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"evidence-and-external-alignment","name":"Evidence and external alignment","description":"What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.","layers":[{"id":"reported-evidence","name":"Reported evidence","description":"Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.","findings":[{"id":"evidence-confidence-notes","name":"Check these first","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these check these first hold for the sense of chūhai this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-confidence-notes-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-kinds","name":"Kinds and varieties","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of chūhai this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-kinds-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-real-world-use","name":"Real-world use","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of chūhai this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-real-world-use-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-measurements","name":"Typical measurements","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of chūhai this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-measurements-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards","name":"Failure modes and hazards","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of chūhai this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-regional-variation","name":"Regional variation","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of chūhai this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-regional-variation-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-neighbours","name":"Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of chūhai this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-neighbours-q01","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Describe chuhai, its history and styles, citing sources.","Report alcohol content from labels."],"mustNot":["Sell, serve or promote it to people under the legal drinking age.","Present sweet canned versions as low in alcohol when they are strong.","Encourage heavy drinking or drinking before driving.","Serve it to people who are visibly intoxicated."],"requiresHuman":["Serving alcohol at events the agent helps run."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Sweet drinks can hide strong alcohol and appeal to the young.","Alcohol harms drinkers and others through accidents and violence."],"affectedParties":["Drinkers","Young people","Road users"]},"owners":{"steward":"The seller or server; alcohol licensing authorities set the rules.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q154","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q66363580","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.ch-hai","Wikidata: Q1047326 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1047326)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["Category designation: Labelled chūhai; menu-designated chūhai; inferred identity; unresolved","Alcohol base: Named spirit or alcohol ingredient; mixture; unspecified","Alcohol strength: % alcohol by volume, with declared or measured basis","Beverage and serving volume: mL, distinguishing package volume from actual serving volume","Carbonation: Declared carbonated; observed effervescent; apparently flat; unknown","Fruit content: Declared juice percentage with calculation basis, or unknown","Sweetening system: Declared sugar ingredients; other sweeteners; combination; none declared; unknown","Sugar concentration: g/100 mL, with source and definition of sugars","Serving temperature: °C","Preparation and opening state: Factory sealed; opened; freshly mixed; held after mixing; unknown"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["A package label or menu description identifying the drink as chuhai provides stronger evidence than its appearance.","Visible bubbles are consistent with its usual carbonated formulation but do not distinguish it from other highballs.","Clear or fruit-coloured liquid may resemble soft drinks, so colour alone cannot establish identity or alcohol content."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["Compare chūhai formulations by alcohol strength, base, fruit content and sweetening system.","Calculate alcohol volume for a documented serving using its volume and alcohol by volume.","Select a formulation against stated ingredient, flavour and strength preferences.","Prepare or dilute a serving from a documented recipe while recording changes to strength and volume.","Assess readiness for service using storage history, package integrity and opening state.","Identify missing evidence behind fruit, sugar or category claims before relying on them."]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Alcohol consumption can impair judgment and coordination and increase accident risk.","Sweet or fruit flavours can make alcohol strength difficult to judge by taste.","Undeclared or overlooked ingredients can expose susceptible consumers to allergens.","Damaged or overheated pressurized containers can leak or rupture."]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["The Liquor Tax Act, enacted by Japan's National Diet, governs liquor taxation and classification according to the beverage's formulation.","The Food Labeling Act, enacted by Japan's National Diet, provides the legal framework for applicable packaged beverage labeling requirements."]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Chuhai is encountered in Japanese dining and drinking venues and as a packaged alcoholic beverage.","It is commonly served chilled as a carbonated mixed drink, often with fruit flavouring.","Product labels and ingredient records distinguish variations in spirit base, alcohol content and flavouring."]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q1047326: chūhai","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1047326","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Chūhai","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C5%ABhai","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Which authoritative sources establish the boundaries of chūhai, particularly its overlap with sour and highball terminology?","How do accepted alcohol bases and carbonation expectations vary across producers, serving traditions and markets?","Which legal product categories apply to chūhai in the intended jurisdictions, and how do these relate to its consumer-facing name?","What calculation bases and labelling definitions govern fruit percentage and sugar claims in the intended markets?","What product-specific evidence supports shelf life and handling limits after opening or fresh preparation?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q1047326/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q1047326/spec.json"],"providers":["Codex"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-12T08:41:29Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:25+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}