{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.religion-in-kazakhstan","code":"thing-q1048471","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q1048471/","name":"religion in Kazakhstan","alternateNames":["Buddhism in Kazakhstan","religion in Aktobe","Christianity in Kazakhstan","Hinduism in Kazakhstan","Bahá'í Faith in Kazakhstan","Protestantism in Kazakhstan","The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Kazakhstan","Eastern Orthodoxy in Kazakhstan","Jehovah's Witnesses in Kazakhstan"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.4","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Society, people and institutions","entryKind":"thing","plane":"SOC","domain":["SOC.ORG"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"The religious landscape of Kazakhstan, a constitutionally secular state where censuses report a Muslim majority, mostly Sunni of the Hanafi school, and a substantial Christian minority, mainly Russian Orthodox, alongside Catholics, Protestant churches, and smaller communities of Buddhists, Hindus including Hare Krishna devotees, Baha is, Jews and non-religious people, with regional patterns such as those in Aktobe Region; religious activity is regulated by a 2011 law requiring registration, which human rights groups have criticised, and the government hosts the Congress of Leaders of World and Traditional Religions in Astana. Assessments of religious freedom are attributed.","purpose":"Let an agent explain religion in Kazakhstan, relay demographics, history, law and interfaith initiatives from census, scholarly and human rights sources with positions attributed, describe the named communities respectfully, and distinguish Kazakhstan s religious landscape from ethnicity, Soviet-era atheism policy and neighbouring Central Asian contexts.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Muslim majority","Large Orthodox minority","Secular state regulation","Interfaith diplomacy"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"Religion in Kazakhstan.","layers":[{"id":"definition","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","findings":[{"id":"definition-finding","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","questions":[{"text":"What is the religious landscape of Kazakhstan, and how does it differ from ethnicity, Soviet policy and neighbouring countries?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is the question about demographics, a community, law or visiting religious sites?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"communities","name":"Communities","description":"Named communities.","findings":[{"id":"communities-finding","name":"Communities","description":"Communities.","questions":[{"text":"What are the Buddhist, Christian, Hindu, Baha i and Protestant communities, and religion in Aktobe?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits the specific community?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History.","layers":[{"id":"islam","name":"Islam","description":"Islamisation.","findings":[{"id":"islam-finding","name":"Islam","description":"Islam.","questions":[{"text":"How did Islam spread among the Kazakhs and blend with steppe traditions?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"soviet","name":"Soviet","description":"Soviet period.","findings":[{"id":"soviet-finding","name":"Soviet","description":"Soviet.","questions":[{"text":"How did Soviet anti-religious policy and deportations shape religious diversity?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which sources are cited?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"law","name":"Law","description":"Law and freedom.","layers":[{"id":"law","name":"Law","description":"Religion law.","findings":[{"id":"law-finding","name":"Law","description":"Law.","questions":[{"text":"What does the 2011 religion law require?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits freedom of religion in Kazakhstan?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"assessments","name":"Assessments","description":"Freedom assessments.","findings":[{"id":"assessments-finding","name":"Assessments","description":"Assessments.","questions":[{"text":"What do the government, USCIRF, Forum 18 and religious communities say about religious freedom, with positions attributed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the presentation neutral and attributed?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"context","name":"Context","description":"Demographics and dialogue.","layers":[{"id":"census","name":"Census","description":"Census data.","findings":[{"id":"census-finding","name":"Census","description":"Census.","questions":[{"text":"What do the 2009 and 2021 censuses report, checked against official data?","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Which entry fits demographics of Kazakhstan?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"dialogue","name":"Dialogue","description":"Interfaith initiatives.","findings":[{"id":"dialogue-finding","name":"Dialogue","description":"Dialogue.","questions":[{"text":"What is the Congress of Leaders of World and Traditional Religions?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits Palace of Peace and Reconciliation?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Report Kazakhstan's religious composition from census and official sources with dates.","Describe the legal framework for religion as stated in law."],"mustNot":["Rank religions in Kazakhstan or disparage any faith or non-belief.","Identify individuals' religion from data without consent.","Present census figures as describing every person's personal belief."],"requiresHuman":["Publishing analysis that names religious minorities facing restrictions."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Religious minorities can face restrictions; reporting must protect their members.","Faith in a multi-ethnic society is tied to ethnic identity, which raises stereotyping risks."],"affectedParties":["Believers of all faiths","Religious minorities","Non-believers"]},"owners":{"steward":"Nobody owns it; communities hold their faiths and the state registers religious associations.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["State registers of religious associations"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q13198592","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"religion on the Earth","type":"related","note":"in registry terms, national subdivision"},{"target":"Kazakhstan","type":"related"},{"target":"Islam in Kazakhstan","type":"related"},{"target":"Congress of Leaders of World and Traditional Religions","type":"related"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.religion-in-kazakhstan","Wikidata: Q1048471 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1048471)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":["state character: secular note - Constitution","religion law: 2011 year - registration requirements","Congress of Leaders of World and Traditional Religions: first held 2003 year - Astana"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Religious landscape of Kazakhstan","Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Baha i Faith and Protestantism in Kazakhstan, religion in Aktobe","Ethnicity does not determine religion; Soviet atheism was state policy; neighbouring countries differ","Mosques, Orthodox churches, prayer houses and interfaith venues such as the Palace of Peace and Reconciliation."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain demographics and history","relay law and freedom assessments with attribution","describe named communities","distinguish related contexts"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Partisan framing of religious freedom issues","Equating ethnicity with religion","Stale census figures"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Constitution of Kazakhstan","Law on Religious Activity and Religious Associations 2011","ICCPR Article 18"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Not applicable; a national religious landscape.","Sunni Islam","Russian Orthodox Christianity","Catholic and Protestant churches","Buddhist, Hindu and Baha i communities","non-religious population","regional religious patterns"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q1048471: religion in Kazakhstan","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1048471","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Religion in Kazakhstan","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_in_Kazakhstan","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should each named community be a separate entry?","How should census and human rights sources be linked?","How should regional entries such as Aktobe be recorded?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q1048471/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q1048471/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-13T21:11:33Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:51:53+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane SOC: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}