{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.january","code":"thing-q108","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q108/","name":"January","alternateNames":[],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.4","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Information and virtual systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"INF","domain":["INF.KNW"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"The first month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars, with 31 days, named after the Roman god Janus of beginnings and doorways, added to the Roman calendar by tradition under Numa Pompilius and made the start of the civil year in Rome in 153 BCE; in the Northern Hemisphere it is typically midwinter, and it contains holidays such as New Year s Day on 1 January and Epiphany on 6 January.","purpose":"Let an agent explain January, relay its calendar history, name origin, observances and seasonal associations from calendar and historical sources, and distinguish January from the start of other calendar years such as the lunar new year, from fiscal years and from months in other calendars.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["First month","Named after Janus","Midwinter in the north","New Year observances"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"What January is.","layers":[{"id":"definition","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","findings":[{"id":"definition-finding","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","questions":[{"text":"What is January, and how does it differ from lunar new year periods, fiscal years and months in other calendars?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is the question about the calendar, history, observances or a specific date?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"facts","name":"Facts","description":"Facts.","findings":[{"id":"facts-finding","name":"Facts","description":"Facts.","questions":[{"text":"How many days does January have, and where does its name come from?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits the specific date?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History.","layers":[{"id":"rome","name":"Rome","description":"Roman calendar.","findings":[{"id":"rome-finding","name":"Rome","description":"Rome.","questions":[{"text":"How did January enter the Roman calendar and become the start of the year?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"reforms","name":"Reforms","description":"Calendar reforms.","findings":[{"id":"reforms-finding","name":"Reforms","description":"Reforms.","questions":[{"text":"How did the Julian and Gregorian reforms affect January?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which sources are cited?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"observances","name":"Observances","description":"Observances.","layers":[{"id":"holidays","name":"Holidays","description":"Holidays.","findings":[{"id":"holidays-finding","name":"Holidays","description":"Holidays.","questions":[{"text":"What holidays fall in January around the world?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits New Year s Day?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"seasons","name":"Seasons","description":"Seasons.","findings":[{"id":"seasons-finding","name":"Seasons","description":"Seasons.","questions":[{"text":"How does January differ between Northern and Southern Hemispheres?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits winter?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"context","name":"Context","description":"Culture.","layers":[{"id":"culture","name":"Culture","description":"Culture.","findings":[{"id":"culture-finding","name":"Culture","description":"Culture.","questions":[{"text":"What customs such as resolutions are associated with January?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits New Year s resolution?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"language","name":"Language","description":"Language.","findings":[{"id":"language-finding","name":"Language","description":"Language.","questions":[{"text":"How is January named in other languages?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits month names?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Explain January's place in the calendar, its name from Janus and its history.","Note that January is summer in the southern hemisphere and that fiscal years may differ."],"mustNot":["Assume January is winter everywhere.","Treat January as the first month in all calendars, such as lunar calendars.","Confuse the calendar year with fiscal or school years when stating deadlines."],"requiresHuman":["Setting legal or financial deadlines that depend on which year system applies."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Calendar assumptions centred on one hemisphere or culture exclude others.","New-year observances differ across cultures and should be respected."],"affectedParties":["People in the southern hemisphere","Communities using other calendars"]},"owners":{"steward":"Nobody owns a month; the civil calendar is set by law and convention.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q18602249","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"month of the Gregorian calendar","type":"related","note":"in registry terms"},{"target":"Janus","type":"related"},{"target":"New Year s Day","type":"contains"},{"target":"February","type":"related"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.january","Wikidata: Q108 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":["days: 31 count","name origin: Latin Ianuarius, from Janus note","start of Roman civil year: 153 BCE note","position: 1st of 12 note"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["First month of the Gregorian year","January, 31 days, named after Janus","Lunar New Year falls in January or February; fiscal years vary; other calendars have different first months","Not a visible object; a calendar period."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain the month","relay history and name","describe observances","distinguish related calendar concepts"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Confusing calendar systems","Assuming northern seasons globally","Confusing civil and fiscal years"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["ISO 8601 month numbering"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Not applicable; a calendar month.","January in the Gregorian calendar","January in the Julian calendar","January observances such as New Year s Day and Epiphany","seasonal associations in both hemispheres"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q108: January","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: January","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should January observances be linked individually?","How should calendar sources be linked?","How should Julian and Gregorian dates be recorded?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q108/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q108/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-13T19:22:08Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:51:53+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane INF: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}