{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.cadmium","code":"thing-q1091","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q1091/","name":"cadmium","alternateNames":["cadmium-113m","cadmium-95","cadmium-96","cadmium-97","cadmium-98","cadmium-98m","cadmium-99","cadmium-100","cadmium-101","cadmium-109m1","cadmium-109m2","cadmium-111m"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.2","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.MAT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"The chemical element with atomic number forty-eight, a soft, bluish-white post-transition metal chemically similar to zinc, obtained mainly as a by-product of zinc refining, with many isotopes, and used in nickel-cadmium batteries, pigments, coatings, solders and as a neutron absorber in nuclear reactors; cadmium and its compounds are toxic and carcinogenic, accumulate in the body and environment, and are restricted by regulations on products, emissions and food, all described here with attribution to authorities.","purpose":"Let an agent explain cadmium as an element and its properties and uses, relay toxicity, exposure and regulatory information from authorities, describe environmental issues, and support learning without personal medical advice.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Toxicity","Bioaccumulation","Battery use","Regulatory restriction"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"What cadmium is.","layers":[{"id":"element","name":"Element","description":"The element.","findings":[{"id":"element-finding","name":"Element","description":"Element.","questions":[{"text":"What are the properties, occurrence and chemistry of cadmium?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits the periodic table?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"compounds","name":"Compounds","description":"Compounds and isotopes.","findings":[{"id":"compounds-finding","name":"Compounds","description":"Compounds.","questions":[{"text":"What are the important cadmium compounds and isotopes?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits a specific compound?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"use","name":"Use","description":"Uses and substitution.","layers":[{"id":"uses","name":"Uses","description":"Uses.","findings":[{"id":"uses-finding","name":"Uses","description":"Uses.","questions":[{"text":"How is cadmium used in batteries, pigments, coatings, solders and reactors?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits a specific application?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"substitution","name":"Substitution","description":"Substitution and recycling.","findings":[{"id":"substitution-finding","name":"Substitution","description":"Substitution.","questions":[{"text":"How is cadmium being replaced and recycled under regulation?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits battery recycling?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"safety","name":"Safety","description":"Toxicity and environment.","layers":[{"id":"toxicity","name":"Toxicity","description":"Health effects.","findings":[{"id":"toxicity-finding","name":"Toxicity","description":"Toxicity.","questions":[{"text":"What do health authorities say about cadmium toxicity, exposure routes and health effects?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the user asking about their own exposure, which needs a clinician?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"environment","name":"Environment","description":"Environmental contamination.","findings":[{"id":"environment-finding","name":"Environment","description":"Environment.","questions":[{"text":"How does cadmium contaminate soil, water and food, and how is it regulated?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits soil contamination?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"learn","name":"Learn","description":"History and teaching.","layers":[{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History.","findings":[{"id":"history-finding","name":"History","description":"History.","questions":[{"text":"How was cadmium discovered, and what pollution episodes shaped its regulation?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"teach","name":"Teach","description":"Teaching.","findings":[{"id":"teach-finding","name":"Teach","description":"Teaching.","questions":[{"text":"How can cadmium illustrate heavy metal toxicity and regulation?","kind":"action"},{"text":"Which misconceptions arise?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Describe cadmium's properties, uses and toxicity from authoritative sources.","Monitor cadmium levels in products or environments it is authorized to test."],"mustNot":["Use cadmium in products such as toys, jewellery or food contact items where it is restricted.","Dispose of cadmium batteries or waste outside permitted routes.","Expose workers to cadmium fumes or dust without protection.","Understate cadmium contamination found in soil, food or water."],"requiresHuman":["Releasing products or sites after cadmium contamination."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Cadmium is toxic to kidneys and bones and causes cancer.","Pollution has poisoned whole communities, especially through rice and water."],"affectedParties":["Workers","Children","Communities near contamination"]},"owners":{"steward":"The holder of each stock; environmental and chemical regulators restrict its use.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q105789","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q19591","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"heavy metal","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"post-transition metal","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"zinc","type":"related","note":"the chemically similar lighter element"},{"target":"nuclear fission","type":"related","note":"cadmium as a neutron absorber in reactors"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.cadmium","Wikidata: Q1091 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1091)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["Mass density: Approximately 8.65 g/cm3 - This value describes solid cadmium near room temperature.","Melting temperature: Approximately 321 deg C - This value describes pure cadmium at atmospheric pressure.","Boiling temperature: Approximately 767 deg C - This value describes pure cadmium at atmospheric pressure."]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Atomic number forty-eight","Zinc-like, toxic, battery and pigment uses","Zinc is the lighter group member; mercury is the heavier one","A soft bluish-white metal."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain the element","describe uses","relay toxicity and regulation","support learning"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Poisoning and long-term kidney and bone damage","Environmental contamination","Agents giving personal medical advice on exposure"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Restrictions on cadmium in products and batteries","Occupational exposure limits","Food and water contamination limits"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Element forty-eight, a toxic heavy metal.","cadmium metal","cadmium in batteries","cadmium pigments and coatings","cadmium compounds","cadmium isotopes"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q1091: cadmium","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1091","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Cadmium","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should cadmium poisoning be a separate entry?","How should regulatory texts be linked?","How should safety data be linked?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q1091/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q1091/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-12T05:34:48Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:25+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}