{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.large-intestine","code":"thing-q11083","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q11083/","name":"large intestine","alternateNames":["human large intestine","calf hindgut","deer hindgut","cattle hindgut","pork large intestine"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.1.0-research.1","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.OBJ"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"This model owns the identity, anatomical extent, tissue condition, luminal state, physiological performance and intervention constraints of the large intestine registered as vr.tr.large-intestine in PHY / PHY.LIV, with species and anatomical convention explicitly recorded.","purpose":"Enable an AI agent to recognise a large intestine, record its segment-specific condition and function, and assess which observations or interventions require further evidence or authorization.","scope":{"in":["Species-specific anatomical boundaries, constituent segments and continuity with neighbouring bowel","Native, variant, resected, reconstructed and diverted large-intestinal anatomy","Segment-specific wall integrity, perfusion, inflammation and structural abnormalities","Luminal contents, passage, storage and evacuation contribution","Water and electrolyte handling and local microbial activity","Evidence and anatomical constraints relevant to examination, sampling and intervention"],"out":["Small-intestinal anatomy and digestion except at the junction with the large intestine","Whole-organism nutrition, hydration and systemic disease management","Microbial taxa and communities as independently modelled biological entities","Pelvic floor and anal sphincter apparatus beyond their functional interfaces","Disease classification, cancer staging and treatment protocols as independent models","Endoscopes, surgical instruments, medications and ostomy appliances as products"],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Confirm identity through species-appropriate position and continuity within the distal intestinal tract; diameter alone is insufficient.","Distinguish the whole large intestine from the colon: document which additional regions the adopted anatomical convention includes.","For human anatomy, use caecal, colonic and rectal landmarks to distinguish regions; do not require every segment to exhibit the same external features.","When histology is available, assess whether the regional mucosal pattern supports large-intestinal rather than small-intestinal identity, allowing for disease and altered anatomy.","Distinguish retained native large intestine from an ileal pouch or other surgically substituted conduit using operative history and tissue origin."],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"anatomical-identity-and-continuity","name":"Anatomical identity and continuity","description":"Establish which large intestine is represented and how its regions connect.","layers":[{"id":"regional-boundaries","name":"Regional boundaries","description":"Declare the anatomical convention and locate the organ's constituent regions.","findings":[{"id":"large-intestine-extent","name":"Large-intestine extent","description":"Record the included regions and observed proximal and distal boundaries.","questions":[{"text":"For this species and terminology, which regions belong to the large intestine, including the status of the appendix and anal canal where applicable?","id":"large-intestine-extent-q01","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"Which observed landmarks distinguish this structure from small intestine and distinguish the whole organ from its colon component?","id":"large-intestine-extent-q02","kind":"definition"}]}]},{"id":"altered-bowel-topology","name":"Altered bowel topology","description":"Represent native connections and changes caused by development or procedures.","findings":[{"id":"retained-segments-and-routes","name":"Retained segments and routes","description":"Record retained, absent, bypassed and substituted regions together with their connections.","questions":[{"text":"Which segments remain connected to the incoming bowel and to a natural or surgically created outlet?","id":"retained-segments-and-routes-q01","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"Which operative records, imaging or direct observations establish each resection, anastomosis, diversion or tissue substitution?","id":"retained-segments-and-routes-q02","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"wall-condition-and-perfusion","name":"Wall condition and perfusion","description":"Describe the intestinal wall as a barrier, structural tube and living tissue.","layers":[{"id":"mucosal-and-deeper-wall-state","name":"Mucosal and deeper-wall state","description":"Localise tissue changes by segment and depth.","findings":[{"id":"wall-abnormality-extent","name":"Wall abnormality extent","description":"Record observed lesions, inflammation and wall changes without converting appearance into an unsupported diagnosis.","questions":[{"text":"Which segment and wall layers show abnormalities, and what are their measured extent and appearance?","id":"wall-abnormality-extent-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Was the finding established by endoscopy, imaging, histology or another method, and which tissue depths could that method assess?","id":"wall-abnormality-extent-q02","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"viability-and-containment","name":"Viability and containment","description":"Track evidence about blood supply and separation of the lumen from surrounding spaces.","findings":[{"id":"perfusion-and-wall-breach-evidence","name":"Perfusion and wall-breach evidence","description":"Distinguish demonstrated impairment or leakage from suspicion and unassessed status.","questions":[{"text":"What location-specific evidence supports adequate or impaired perfusion, and when was it obtained?","id":"perfusion-and-wall-breach-evidence-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is there evidence of a wall breach, leak or abnormal connection, and which compartments or structures are involved?","id":"perfusion-and-wall-breach-evidence-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"luminal-passage-and-evacuation","name":"Luminal passage and evacuation","description":"Represent contents, available passage and movement through the large intestine.","layers":[{"id":"lumen-and-contents","name":"Lumen and contents","description":"Describe regional calibre and the distribution of material within the bowel.","findings":[{"id":"passage-geometry","name":"Passage geometry","description":"Record narrowing, dilation and retained contents with measurement context.","questions":[{"text":"Where are narrowing, dilation or retained contents observed, and what dimensions or extent were measured?","id":"passage-geometry-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"How did bowel preparation, insufflation, filling or decompression affect the observed lumen?","id":"passage-geometry-q02","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"transit-and-outlet-interface","name":"Transit and outlet interface","description":"Separate movement through the organ from passage through its outlet.","findings":[{"id":"regional-movement-and-emptying","name":"Regional movement and emptying","description":"Record transit and emptying evidence without using stool frequency as a complete functional assessment.","questions":[{"text":"What regional or whole-large-intestine transit was measured, using which protocol and observation period?","id":"regional-movement-and-emptying-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Which findings localise impaired passage within the large intestine, and which instead concern the pelvic floor or outlet apparatus?","id":"regional-movement-and-emptying-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"fluid-handling-and-luminal-ecology","name":"Fluid handling and luminal ecology","description":"Capture evidence about fluid exchange and microbial processes within the large-intestinal lumen.","layers":[{"id":"water-and-electrolyte-exchange","name":"Water and electrolyte exchange","description":"Represent measured or inferred contributions to fluid and electrolyte handling.","findings":[{"id":"exchange-evidence-and-attribution","name":"Exchange evidence and attribution","description":"Record what can be attributed to the large intestine and what remains a whole-organism observation.","questions":[{"text":"Which measurements support an estimate of large-intestinal water or electrolyte exchange, and in what units?","id":"exchange-evidence-and-attribution-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"How are incoming small-intestinal contents, transit, resection and diversion accounted for when attributing the observation to this organ?","id":"exchange-evidence-and-attribution-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"microbial-activity-and-sampling","name":"Microbial activity and sampling","description":"Connect local microbial observations to their sampling and analytical limitations.","findings":[{"id":"luminal-ecology-evidence","name":"Luminal ecology evidence","description":"Record microbial and metabolite evidence without assuming that a stool sample describes every region.","questions":[{"text":"Was the sample collected from stool, luminal contents or mucosa, and which large-intestinal region can it represent?","id":"luminal-ecology-evidence-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which microbial activities or metabolites were measured, and which functional interpretations remain unverified?","id":"luminal-ecology-evidence-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]}]},{"id":"examination-and-intervention-constraints","name":"Examination and intervention constraints","description":"Connect the organ's current anatomy and condition to proposed examinations and interventions.","layers":[{"id":"examination-coverage","name":"Examination coverage","description":"Record which regions and tissue aspects an examination actually evaluated.","findings":[{"id":"reach-visibility-and-sample-location","name":"Reach, visibility and sample location","description":"Preserve coverage gaps that could otherwise be mistaken for normal findings.","questions":[{"text":"Which segments were reached or visualised, and where did preparation, narrowing, altered anatomy or technical limits reduce coverage?","id":"reach-visibility-and-sample-location-q01","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"How is each biopsy or other sample linked to its collection site and examination record?","id":"reach-visibility-and-sample-location-q02","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"action-eligibility-and-follow-up","name":"Action eligibility and follow-up","description":"Record the evidence, authority and expected anatomical consequences of a proposed action.","findings":[{"id":"large-intestinal-action-constraints","name":"Large-intestinal action constraints","description":"Make procedure-specific constraints and reassessment requirements explicit without supplying a treatment protocol.","questions":[{"text":"For the proposed preparation, instrumentation, sampling or surgery, what documented anatomy and tissue findings require qualified assessment before proceeding?","id":"large-intestinal-action-constraints-q01","kind":"action"},{"text":"Who authorized the action, and which changes to continuity, wall integrity, passage or fluid handling must be recorded afterward?","id":"large-intestinal-action-constraints-q02","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Explain the large intestine's parts and functions in general health information.","Pass on clinical findings about a person's large intestine only to that person and their care team."],"mustNot":["Give a diagnosis or treatment plan for bowel symptoms in place of a clinician.","Dismiss warning signs such as bleeding or persistent change in bowel habit as unimportant.","Disclose a person's bowel health, tests or stoma status without consent.","Recommend unproven colon cleansing or remedies as safe treatment."],"requiresHuman":["Any intervention on the large intestine, including procedures and preparation for them.","Decisions about screening or surgery for a specific person."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Bowel conditions carry stigma; dignity and privacy matter in care and in data.","Delayed attention to bowel symptoms can cost lives through late cancer diagnosis."],"affectedParties":["Patients","People with stomas or chronic bowel disease","Carers"]},"owners":{"steward":"The person whose body it is; clinicians answer for care and health records.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Health records held by care providers","Cancer registries"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q112826975","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q66545296","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.large-intestine","Wikidata: Q11083 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11083)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["Host species and life stage: Species identifier; developmental or life-stage category","Included anatomical regions: Named segments linked to a declared anatomical terminology","Continuity and outlet configuration: Native continuity; anastomosed; diverted; discontinuous; partially resected; unknown","Segment dimensions: Length in cm; luminal diameter and wall thickness in mm, with segment, method and distension context","Wall condition: Observed mucosal and deeper-wall abnormalities, extent, severity and uncertainty","Perfusion evidence: Adequate; impaired; indeterminate; unassessed, with supporting method and location","Luminal contents: Recorded stool consistency, gas, fluid, retained material and distribution","Regional transit: Hours, with protocol, segment coverage and observation interval","Water and electrolyte handling: Water balance in mL/day and electrolyte quantities in mmol/day when attributable; otherwise explicitly indirect evidence","Local microbial evidence: Links to samples, collection sites, assays and microbial or metabolite observations"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["A wide tube framing the small intestine within the abdomen.","Pouch-like sacculations and longitudinal muscle bands along the colon.","The appendix attached near its start in the lower right abdomen."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["Map observations and samples to the correct large-intestinal segment and anatomical configuration.","Compare serial measurements while accounting for preparation, distension and measurement method.","Identify missing evidence needed to distinguish structural narrowing, altered motility and evacuation difficulty.","Assess anatomical reach and evidence limitations for proposed imaging, endoscopy or sampling.","Flag documented tissue or passage abnormalities that require qualified review before intervention.","Track how resection, diversion or reconstruction changes continuity, retained regions and expected functional assessment."]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Perforation leads to peritonitis, which is life-threatening.","Obstruction or volvulus needs urgent care.","Colorectal cancer can grow silently for years."]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Terminologia Anatomica, Federative International Programme for Anatomical Terminology (FIPAT)."]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["The large intestine is studied in vertebrate anatomy and digestive physiology for its roles in water and electrolyte absorption, microbial activity and fecal storage and elimination.","It is examined in human and veterinary medicine when assessing bowel symptoms, inflammation, obstruction or tumors.","Its segment names support precise descriptions in imaging, endoscopy, surgery and pathology, with anatomical differences recorded for the species concerned."]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q11083: large intestine","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11083","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Large intestine","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Large_intestine","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Does this registry entry intend human anatomy only or a cross-species concept, and which anatomical terminology should govern its boundaries?","Should the appendix and anal canal be constituent regions or linked neighbouring models under the registry's chosen convention?","Which species-, age-, segment- and method-specific reference evidence can support interpretation of calibre, wall thickness and transit?","Which measurements can reliably attribute fluid exchange or microbial function to a particular large-intestinal region rather than infer it from stool or systemic observations?","Does an existing Vercy world model already own this concept, and which reviewed sources and clinical governance rules should support any eventual action constraints?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q11083/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q11083/spec.json"],"providers":["Codex"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-07T09:16:15Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T12:16:28+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}