{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.barium","code":"thing-q1112","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q1112/","name":"barium","alternateNames":["barium-114","barium-115","barium-116","barium-117","barium-118","barium-119","barium-120","barium-121","barium-122","barium-123","barium-124","barium-125"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.2","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.MAT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"The chemical element with atomic number fifty-six, a soft, silvery alkaline earth metal that is highly reactive and never found free in nature, occurring in the minerals barite and witherite, with many isotopes, and used in drilling fluids, glass, fireworks for green colour, vacuum tubes, and as barium sulfate in radiographic contrast agents; soluble barium compounds are toxic while the insoluble sulfate is safe for medical use, and barium is described here with safety information attributed.","purpose":"Let an agent explain barium as an element and its properties and compounds, describe its uses in industry and medicine, relay toxicity and safety information from authorities, and support learning.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Reactive","Dense compounds","Green flame colour","Toxic soluble salts"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"What barium is.","layers":[{"id":"element","name":"Element","description":"The element.","findings":[{"id":"element-finding","name":"Element","description":"Element.","questions":[{"text":"What are the properties, occurrence and chemistry of barium?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits the periodic table?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"compounds","name":"Compounds","description":"Compounds and isotopes.","findings":[{"id":"compounds-finding","name":"Compounds","description":"Compounds.","questions":[{"text":"What are the important barium compounds and isotopes?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits a specific compound?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"use","name":"Use","description":"Uses.","layers":[{"id":"industry","name":"Industry","description":"Industrial uses.","findings":[{"id":"industry-finding","name":"Industry","description":"Industry.","questions":[{"text":"How is barium used in drilling fluids, glass, fireworks and electronics?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits a specific application?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"medicine","name":"Medicine","description":"Medical imaging.","findings":[{"id":"medicine-finding","name":"Medicine","description":"Medicine.","questions":[{"text":"How is barium sulfate used in radiographic contrast studies, and why is it safe despite barium toxicity?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the user asking about their own procedure, which needs a clinician?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"safety","name":"Safety","description":"Safety and environment.","layers":[{"id":"toxicity","name":"Toxicity","description":"Toxicity.","findings":[{"id":"toxicity-finding","name":"Toxicity","description":"Toxicity.","questions":[{"text":"What do safety authorities say about barium toxicity and exposure limits?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is a poisoning emergency present now?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"environment","name":"Environment","description":"Environment.","findings":[{"id":"environment-finding","name":"Environment","description":"Environment.","questions":[{"text":"How is barium regulated in water and waste?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits water quality?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"learn","name":"Learn","description":"History and teaching.","layers":[{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History.","findings":[{"id":"history-finding","name":"History","description":"History.","questions":[{"text":"How was barium discovered and named?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"teach","name":"Teach","description":"Teaching.","findings":[{"id":"teach-finding","name":"Teach","description":"Teaching.","questions":[{"text":"How can barium illustrate alkaline earth chemistry and flame tests?","kind":"action"},{"text":"Which misconceptions arise?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Describe barium's properties, compounds and uses, such as in medical imaging.","Track barium compounds stock for an organisation authorized to hold them."],"mustNot":["Help anyone obtain soluble barium compounds to harm people.","Confuse insoluble barium sulfate used in imaging with toxic soluble compounds.","Handle barium metal near water or air without precautions.","Dispose of barium waste outside permitted routes."],"requiresHuman":["Releasing barium compounds to people outside a supervised laboratory or clinic."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Soluble barium compounds are poisonous; mix-ups have killed patients.","Industrial use and disposal can harm workers and water."],"affectedParties":["Patients","Laboratory and industrial workers","Communities near disposal sites"]},"owners":{"steward":"The holder of each stock; nobody owns the element itself.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q19563","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q428766","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"alkaline earth metal","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"light metal","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"medical ultrasonography","type":"related","note":"another imaging method for contrast"},{"target":"caesium","type":"related","note":"a neighbouring element"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.barium","Wikidata: Q1112 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1112)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["Density: Approximately 3.5 g/cm3 - This value describes solid elemental barium near room temperature.","Melting temperature: Approximately 727 deg C - This value describes pure elemental barium near atmospheric pressure.","Boiling temperature: Approximately 1845 deg C - This value describes elemental barium at atmospheric pressure."]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Atomic number fifty-six","Alkaline earth metal, green flame","Strontium and calcium are lighter group members; radium is heavier and radioactive","A soft silvery metal, usually seen as compounds."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain the element","describe uses","relay safety information","support learning"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Poisoning from soluble barium compounds","Confusing soluble and insoluble compounds","Agents giving personal medical advice about contrast studies"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Chemical safety and exposure limits","Pharmaceutical standards for contrast agents","Environmental limits for barium in water"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Element fifty-six, a reactive alkaline earth metal.","barium metal","barium sulfate and barite","barium carbonate and other salts","barium isotopes","barium in medical imaging"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q1112: barium","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1112","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Barium","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barium","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should barium sulfate be a separate entry?","How should safety data be linked?","How should medical imaging guidance be linked?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q1112/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q1112/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-12T05:34:48Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:25+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}