{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.samba","code":"thing-q11403","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q11403/","name":"samba","alternateNames":["samba-funk","samba-batido","samba-choro","samba-exaltação","samba-joia","samba-maxixe","samba-sincopado","samba de breque","samba de terreiro","sambalanço","partido alto","batucada"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.4","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Information and virtual systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"INF","domain":["INF.MED"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A Brazilian music genre and dance with roots in Afro-Brazilian traditions of Bahia and Rio de Janeiro, established in the early 20th century and central to Carnival, with many substyles including samba-choro, samba-maxixe, samba-exaltacao patriotic sambas of the 1930s and 1940s, samba-batido, samba-joia of the 1970s and samba-funk blending samba with funk; samba is recognised by UNESCO and is a symbol of Brazilian identity.","purpose":"Let an agent explain samba and its history, relay styles, instruments, dance and cultural role from musicological sources with attribution, describe the substyles the registry aliases name, and distinguish samba from bossa nova, pagode, choro and from ballroom samba.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Afro-Brazilian roots","Syncopated percussion","Carnival centrepiece","Many substyles"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"What samba is.","layers":[{"id":"definition","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","findings":[{"id":"definition-finding","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","questions":[{"text":"What is samba, and how does it differ from bossa nova, pagode, choro and ballroom samba?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is the question about the genre, a substyle, dance, history or Carnival?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"styles","name":"Styles","description":"Substyles.","findings":[{"id":"styles-finding","name":"Styles","description":"Styles.","questions":[{"text":"What are samba-choro, samba-maxixe, samba-exaltacao, samba-batido, samba-joia and samba-funk?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits the specific substyle?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"music","name":"Music","description":"Music and dance.","layers":[{"id":"elements","name":"Elements","description":"Musical elements.","findings":[{"id":"elements-finding","name":"Elements","description":"Elements.","questions":[{"text":"What rhythms, instruments and forms define samba?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"dance","name":"Dance","description":"Dance.","findings":[{"id":"dance-finding","name":"Dance","description":"Dance.","questions":[{"text":"How is samba danced in its Brazilian and ballroom forms?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which sources are cited?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History.","layers":[{"id":"origins","name":"Origins","description":"Origins.","findings":[{"id":"origins-finding","name":"Origins","description":"Origins.","questions":[{"text":"How did samba emerge from Afro-Brazilian communities in Bahia and Rio, as historians describe?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits Afro-Brazilian culture?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"eras","name":"Eras","description":"Eras.","findings":[{"id":"eras-finding","name":"Eras","description":"Eras.","questions":[{"text":"How did samba evolve through radio, the Vargas era, bossa nova and pagode?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits the specific era or artist?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"context","name":"Context","description":"Culture.","layers":[{"id":"carnival","name":"Carnival","description":"Carnival.","findings":[{"id":"carnival-finding","name":"Carnival","description":"Carnival.","questions":[{"text":"How do samba schools and Carnival parades work?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits Rio Carnival?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"identity","name":"Identity","description":"Identity.","findings":[{"id":"identity-finding","name":"Identity","description":"Identity.","questions":[{"text":"How did samba become a symbol of Brazilian identity, with positions attributed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits Brazilian culture?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Describe the history, styles and social roots of samba from sound sources.","Recommend or play samba recordings through licensed services."],"mustNot":["Erase the Afro-Brazilian origins of samba or present it as a tourist novelty only.","Use samba imagery in ways that sexualise or stereotype Brazilian people.","Distribute samba recordings without the rights holders' permission."],"requiresHuman":["Using a samba school's name, songs or symbols commercially."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Samba came from Black communities who were once persecuted for practising it.","Samba schools are community institutions whose culture deserves respect."],"affectedParties":["Afro-Brazilian communities","Samba schools and musicians","Listeners"]},"owners":{"steward":"Nobody owns the genre; it is held in common, with samba communities as its keepers.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q899215","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"music of Brazil","type":"related","note":"in registry terms"},{"target":"bossa nova","type":"related","note":"in the late 1950s"},{"target":"samba school","type":"related","note":"at Carnival"},{"target":"UNESCO","type":"related","note":"as intangible heritage"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.samba","Wikidata: Q11403 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11403)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":["first recorded samba: 1917 year - Pelo Telefone","UNESCO recognition: 2005 year - samba de roda of Bahia","metre: 2/4 note","National Samba Day: 2 December note - Brazil"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Brazilian music and dance genre","Samba-choro, samba-maxixe, samba-exaltacao, samba-batido, samba-joia, samba-funk","Bossa nova is a jazz-influenced offshoot; pagode is a later samba style; choro is instrumental; ballroom samba is a dance-sport form","Not a visible object; music in 2/4 with syncopated percussion."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain the genre","relay history and styles","describe substyles","distinguish related genres"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Confusing samba with bossa nova or ballroom samba","Erasing Afro-Brazilian origins","Registry aliases mixing eras and styles"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["UNESCO intangible cultural heritage listing","Brazilian cultural heritage registration by IPHAN"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Not applicable; a music and dance genre.","samba de roda","samba-enredo of Carnival schools","samba-cancao","samba-choro and samba-maxixe","samba-exaltacao","samba-joia and samba-batido","samba-funk and samba-rock","pagode"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q11403: samba","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11403","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Samba","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samba","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should the substyles be separate primary entries?","How should musicological sources be linked?","The registry entry has merged aliases naming substyles; should they be split off?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q11403/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q11403/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-13T15:11:24Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:51:53+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane INF: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}