{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.liquid","code":"thing-q11435","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q11435/","name":"liquid","alternateNames":[],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.2","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.MAT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A state of matter in which a substance flows and takes the shape of its container while keeping a nearly constant volume, with molecules close together but free to move past one another, as in water, oils, molten metals and liquid gases; liquids are characterised by viscosity, surface tension, density and vapour pressure, are studied in physics and chemistry, and are handled in everyday life, industry and medicine.","purpose":"Let an agent explain the liquid state and its properties, distinguish liquids from other states and from fluids in general, support questions on measuring and handling liquids, and support learning.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Fixed volume, variable shape","Viscosity and surface tension","Incompressibility","Phase transitions"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"What a liquid is.","layers":[{"id":"properties","name":"Properties","description":"Properties.","findings":[{"id":"properties-finding","name":"Properties","description":"Properties.","questions":[{"text":"What defines the liquid state, and what are viscosity, surface tension, density and vapour pressure?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"How do liquids differ from gases, solids and fluids in general?","kind":"definition"}]}]},{"id":"molecular","name":"Molecular","description":"Molecular picture.","findings":[{"id":"molecular-finding","name":"Molecular","description":"Molecular.","questions":[{"text":"How do intermolecular forces explain liquid behaviour and phase transitions?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits phase transitions?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"measure","name":"Measure","description":"Measuring liquids.","layers":[{"id":"volume","name":"Volume","description":"Volume and density.","findings":[{"id":"volume-finding","name":"Volume","description":"Volume.","questions":[{"text":"How are liquid volume, density and viscosity measured, and which units apply?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits liquid units?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"flow","name":"Flow","description":"Flow and pumping.","findings":[{"id":"flow-finding","name":"Flow","description":"Flow.","questions":[{"text":"How do liquids flow in pipes, and how are they pumped and metered?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits fluid mechanics?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"handle","name":"Handle","description":"Handling and safety.","layers":[{"id":"safety","name":"Safety","description":"Hazardous liquids.","findings":[{"id":"safety-finding","name":"Safety","description":"Safety.","questions":[{"text":"How are flammable, toxic and cryogenic liquids stored, transported and handled safely, according to regulations?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is a spill or exposure emergency present now?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"everyday","name":"Everyday","description":"Liquids in daily life.","findings":[{"id":"everyday-finding","name":"Everyday","description":"Everyday.","questions":[{"text":"How do liquid properties matter in cooking, cleaning and medicine dosing?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits a specific liquid?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"learn","name":"Learn","description":"Science and teaching.","layers":[{"id":"science","name":"Science","description":"Liquid science.","findings":[{"id":"science-finding","name":"Science","description":"Science.","questions":[{"text":"What are current research topics in liquids, such as supercooled liquids and liquid crystals?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"teach","name":"Teach","description":"Teaching.","findings":[{"id":"teach-finding","name":"Teach","description":"Teaching.","questions":[{"text":"How can states of matter and liquid properties be taught with experiments?","kind":"action"},{"text":"Which misconceptions arise?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Explain the liquid state and how liquids differ from gases and solids.","Report spills and leaks of liquids it is authorized to monitor.","Relay hazard information for named liquids from safety data sheets."],"mustNot":["Mix unknown liquids or decant them into unlabelled containers.","Pour flammable or toxic liquids into drains.","Store liquids in containers that may confuse them with drinks.","Treat a solution or slurry as a pure liquid in safety advice."],"requiresHuman":["Responding to a hazardous spill."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Spills of toxic or flammable liquids harm workers and the environment.","Children are poisoned by liquids stored in drink bottles."],"affectedParties":["Workers","Children","Waterways"]},"owners":{"steward":"Nobody owns the state of matter; the holder of a liquid answers for its storage.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q102205","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"fluid","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"plasma","type":"related","note":"another state of matter"},{"target":"liquid unit","type":"related","note":"measuring liquid volumes"},{"target":"interfacial tension","type":"related","note":"liquid-liquid interfaces"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.liquid","Wikidata: Q11435 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11435)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["Density:  kg/m3 - Density is measured as mass per unit volume at a stated temperature and pressure.","Dynamic viscosity:  Pa s - Dynamic viscosity is measured with a viscometer or rheometer under stated temperature and shear conditions.","Surface tension:  N/m - Surface tension is measured by force or drop shape methods with temperature and the adjoining phase specified.","Vapour pressure:  Pa - Vapour pressure is measured as the pressure of vapour in equilibrium with the liquid at a stated temperature."]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Flows and takes container shape","Nearly constant volume","Gases expand to fill; solids keep shape; fluids include both liquids and gases","Flowing substances with a free surface."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain properties","distinguish from other states","support measuring and handling","support learning"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Spills and leaks","Flammable and toxic liquids","Confusing liquids with fluids or solutions"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["SI units for volume, density and viscosity","Transport and storage rules for hazardous liquids","Standard measurement methods"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["A state of matter that flows with fixed volume.","water and aqueous solutions","oils and organic liquids","molten metals and salts","cryogenic liquids","non-Newtonian and complex liquids"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q11435: liquid","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11435","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Liquid","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquid","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should each liquid type be a separate entry?","How should safety data be linked?","How should physics resources be linked?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q11435/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q11435/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-12T00:56:25Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:25+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}