{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.curtiss-a-8","code":"thing-q1145683","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q1145683/","name":"Curtiss A-8","alternateNames":["YA-10 Shrike","XA-8","YA-8","A-8A"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.1.0-research.1","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.OBJ"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"The Curtiss A-8 was an early-1930s American two-seat, single-engine, low-wing attack monoplane with fixed landing gear and a liquid-cooled engine, developed by Curtiss for the United States Army Air Corps.","purpose":"Enable an agent to identify the Curtiss A-8 aircraft type, distinguish its documented configurations from related Curtiss designs, and determine what evidence supports assessment or treatment of an attributed aircraft or component.","scope":{"in":["A-8 designation, manufacturer attribution and configuration-dependent recognition","Relationships among prototype, service-test and subsequent A-8 designations","Airframe, propulsion, flight-control and crew-station arrangements","Configuration-specific performance, loading and historical attack equipment","Evidence requirements for identifying, assessing and conserving attributed examples"],"out":["Individual airframe ownership, movement and maintenance histories","Independent models of the related YA-10 and A-12 aircraft","Other aircraft sharing the Shrike name","General piston-engine and aircraft-system engineering","Attack doctrine, squadron organisation and operational campaign histories","Scale models, replicas and depictions as independently catalogued objects"],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Require an A-8 designation supported by a dated record; the shared name Shrike alone cannot establish identity.","Check the low-wing monoplane configuration against the biplane A-3 Falcon that the A-8 was intended to replace.","Check the elongated liquid-cooled engine installation against radial-engine relatives; a radial installation requires investigation of conversion identity.","Check fixed landing gear, tandem crew stations and the wing high-lift arrangement together, rather than identifying the type from one silhouette feature.","Treat these physical recognition tests as provisional until matched to configuration-specific drawings; the USAF identifies the A-8 as an early all-metal attack monoplane. [USAF pictorial history](https://media.defense.gov/2014/May/15/2001329852/-1/-1/0/AFD-140515-045.pdf)"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"designation-and-lineage","name":"Designation and lineage","description":"Establish the identity represented by Curtiss A-8 and the limits of its relationship to neighbouring designs.","layers":[{"id":"designation-evidence","name":"Designation evidence","description":"Connect names and prefixes to dated documentary usage.","findings":[{"id":"a-8-name-authority","name":"A-8 name authority","description":"Require documentary support for the military designation, manufacturer model number and use of Shrike.","questions":[{"text":"Which manufacturer and Army records establish the relationship between Curtiss A-8, Model 59 and the name Shrike?","id":"a-8-name-authority-q01","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Was Shrike an official service name, a manufacturer name or later historical usage for this aircraft?","id":"a-8-name-authority-q02","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"configuration-lineage","name":"Configuration lineage","description":"Separate designation changes within the entry from transitions to related aircraft types.","findings":[{"id":"prototype-service-test-and-derivatives","name":"Prototype, service-test and derivatives","description":"Represent prototype and service-test relationships explicitly, with conversion boundaries requiring documentary resolution.","questions":[{"text":"Which XA-8, YA-8, Y1A-8 and suffixed designations belong within the registry's A-8 concept?","id":"prototype-service-test-and-derivatives-q01","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"At what documented conversion or redesignation does an A-8 airframe become a YA-10 instance, and how should its earlier identity remain linked?","id":"prototype-service-test-and-derivatives-q02","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"Which design changes distinguish the related A-12 without importing its specifications into the A-8?","id":"prototype-service-test-and-derivatives-q03","kind":"definition"}]}]}]},{"id":"airframe-recognition","name":"Airframe recognition","description":"Describe the external and structural evidence needed to recognise an A-8 configuration.","layers":[{"id":"geometry-and-construction","name":"Geometry and construction","description":"Resolve dimensions, materials and structural arrangements from applicable drawings.","findings":[{"id":"a-8-structural-signature","name":"A-8 structural signature","description":"Distinguish structural material from surface covering and record the wing, fuselage and bracing arrangement.","questions":[{"text":"Which A-8 structures and coverings were metal, fabric or other materials, and what did contemporary descriptions mean by all-metal?","id":"a-8-structural-signature-q01","kind":"definition"},{"text":"What wingspan, length, height and wing area are documented for each included configuration?","id":"a-8-structural-signature-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]},{"id":"photographic-recognition","name":"Photographic recognition","description":"Use dated views to test landing-gear, cockpit, nose and wing details.","findings":[{"id":"dated-visual-reference","name":"Dated visual reference","description":"The USAF provides an identified front view of an A-8 at Langley Field dated 21 July 1932; it is a reference for that depicted configuration, not every A-8. [USAF A-8 photograph](https://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/Upcoming/Photos.aspx?igphoto=2000571567)","questions":[{"text":"Which landing-gear, wing-support and nose features are actually visible in the identified photograph?","id":"dated-visual-reference-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which additional side and plan views are needed to distinguish the A-8 from an A-12 or a mislabelled reconstruction?","id":"dated-visual-reference-q02","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"propulsion-and-flight-controls","name":"Propulsion and flight controls","description":"Capture the A-8's engine installation, cooling dependencies and aerodynamic control arrangements.","layers":[{"id":"engine-cooling-and-propeller","name":"Engine, cooling and propeller","description":"Bind propulsion details to the specific designation and modification state.","findings":[{"id":"conqueror-installation-applicability","name":"Conqueror installation applicability","description":"Resolve the Curtiss V-1570 installation and its variants before assigning power, cooling or servicing requirements. A museum newsletter identifies a YA-8 with a V-1570 engine. [Carolinas Aviation Museum newsletter](https://archive.constantcontact.com/fs129/1110322435627/archive/1118428695196.html)","questions":[{"text":"Which V-1570 engine suffix, rated power and propeller installation apply to each A-8 configuration?","id":"conqueror-installation-applicability-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Which fuel, oil and coolant specifications and system limits are supported by applicable contemporary instructions?","id":"conqueror-installation-applicability-q02","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"high-lift-and-control-behaviour","name":"High-lift and control behaviour","description":"Establish the actual slat, flap and primary-control mechanisms.","findings":[{"id":"slat-and-flap-state","name":"Slat and flap state","description":"Treat high-lift mechanism, actuation and symmetry as configuration-dependent evidence requirements.","questions":[{"text":"Which A-8 drawings or manuals confirm automatic leading-edge slats and the trailing-edge flap arrangement?","id":"slat-and-flap-state-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"What deployment states, travel limits and crew controls were specified?","id":"slat-and-flap-state-q02","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"What inspection evidence is required before assessing a seized or asymmetric high-lift mechanism?","id":"slat-and-flap-state-q03","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"attack-role-and-capability","name":"Attack role and capability","description":"Connect the aircraft's historical role to crew arrangements, equipment fit and conditional performance.","layers":[{"id":"crew-and-equipment-fit","name":"Crew and equipment fit","description":"Resolve crew duties and historical installations without prescribing weapons operation.","findings":[{"id":"attack-configuration-evidence","name":"Attack configuration evidence","description":"The USAF's history characterises the A-8 as a dedicated ground-support type; equipment and crew arrangements still require configuration-specific evidence. [Airpower and Ground Armies](https://www.airuniversity.af.mil/Portals/10/AUPress/Books/B_0050_MORTENSEN_AIRPOWER_GROUND_ARMIES.pdf)","questions":[{"text":"What pilot and second-crew-member duties and station arrangements are documented for the A-8?","id":"attack-configuration-evidence-q01","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which gun mounts, bomb carriers and communications equipment were installed, optional, trialled or merely proposed?","id":"attack-configuration-evidence-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"loading-and-performance","name":"Loading and performance","description":"Associate published capability with the tested aircraft configuration and conditions.","findings":[{"id":"conditional-capability","name":"Conditional capability","description":"Require engine, mass, altitude and equipment context for every quoted A-8 performance value.","questions":[{"text":"What empty mass, loaded mass, fuel capacity and permissible load distribution are supported for each configuration?","id":"conditional-capability-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Which speed, range, ceiling and climb figures derive from tests, and under what loading and atmospheric conditions?","id":"conditional-capability-q02","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Which frequently repeated A-8 figures actually describe the YA-10 or A-12?","id":"conditional-capability-q03","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"assessment-and-conservation","name":"Assessment and conservation","description":"Define evidence needed to assess attributed A-8 material and justify conservation or reconstruction choices.","layers":[{"id":"technical-condition-evidence","name":"Technical condition evidence","description":"Identify A-8-specific dependencies that an instance assessment must examine.","findings":[{"id":"configuration-specific-inspection","name":"Configuration-specific inspection","description":"Use confirmed construction and system details to frame inspections; do not present plausible deterioration mechanisms as documented A-8 service failures.","questions":[{"text":"Which A-8 service records identify recurring defects in cooling, landing gear, wing attachments or control mechanisms?","id":"configuration-specific-inspection-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which checks and replacement criteria are justified by applicable manuals for the particular configuration?","id":"configuration-specific-inspection-q02","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"authenticity-and-treatment","name":"Authenticity and treatment","description":"Separate original material, reconstruction and operational claims.","findings":[{"id":"evidence-limited-treatment","name":"Evidence-limited treatment","description":"Record the documentary basis and uncertainty of proposed treatments, with no presumption that complete aircraft or flyable examples survive.","questions":[{"text":"What surviving A-8 airframes, components, drawings or manuals can be authenticated and located?","id":"evidence-limited-treatment-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which proposed replacement details reproduce documented A-8 construction, and which are conjectural or modern substitutions?","id":"evidence-limited-treatment-q02","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"What additional engineering evidence and applicable authority would be required before moving from static conservation to powered testing?","id":"evidence-limited-treatment-q03","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"evidence-and-external-alignment","name":"Evidence and external alignment","description":"What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.","layers":[{"id":"reported-evidence","name":"Reported evidence","description":"Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.","findings":[{"id":"evidence-confidence-notes","name":"Check these first","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these check these first hold for the sense of Curtiss A-8 this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-confidence-notes-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-kinds","name":"Kinds and varieties","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of Curtiss A-8 this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-kinds-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-identifiers","name":"Identifiers and schemes","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of Curtiss A-8 this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-identifiers-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-real-world-use","name":"Real-world use","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of Curtiss A-8 this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-real-world-use-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-measurements","name":"Typical measurements","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of Curtiss A-8 this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-measurements-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards","name":"Failure modes and hazards","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of Curtiss A-8 this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-neighbours","name":"Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of Curtiss A-8 this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-neighbours-q01","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Describe the Curtiss A-8's design and service history, citing archives.","Identify the type in historical photographs."],"mustNot":["Misattribute surviving parts or records to the type to inflate their value.","Disturb crash sites or remains in breach of heritage or war grave law.","Fly or restore a historical airframe without airworthiness approval.","Invent service histories."],"requiresHuman":["Handling artefacts or remains from crash sites."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Historical aircraft are heritage, and crash sites may hold human remains.","Accurate history honours the people who served."],"affectedParties":["Families of aircrew","Historians and museums"]},"owners":{"steward":"Museums and collectors who hold artefacts; national archives keep records.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q76370260","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.curtiss-a-8","Wikidata: Q1145683 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1145683)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["Documented designation: Exact designation as recorded, including prefixes and suffixes; unresolved","Configuration applicability: Relationship to dated drawings, serial ranges, modification records and technical instructions","Engine installation: Documented engine model and suffix, cooling arrangement, propeller installation; unresolved","External geometry: Wingspan, length and height in m; wing area in m²; configuration and measurement basis required","Mass and loading envelope: Empty and loaded mass in kg; centre-of-gravity limits in the source datum system","Performance evidence: Speed in km/h, range and ceiling in km or m, climb rate in m/s; test conditions required","High-lift configuration: Documented leading-edge slat and trailing-edge flap arrangement, actuation and applicability","Historical equipment fit: Links to documented crew, communications, gun-mount and bomb-carriage configurations","Assessment disposition: Unassessed; documentary identification only; conservation assessed; engineering assessment required"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["The original configuration combines a low monoplane wing with external bracing and fixed landing gear.","Two open cockpits are arranged in tandem behind a long nose housing a liquid-cooled engine.","Large streamlined main-wheel fairings are characteristic, but configuration records are needed to distinguish related types and later engine conversions."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["Compare a photograph, drawing or catalogue record with documented A-8 configurations.","Resolve a designation or component attribution while preserving conflicting evidence.","Compare A-8 capability figures using matched engine, loading and test conditions.","Identify missing evidence needed for a historically defensible reconstruction.","Prepare a configuration-specific conservation or inspection brief for an attributed example."]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Corrosion, fatigue and deteriorated materials can make surviving components unsafe to load or operate.","Undocumented alterations or incorrect type attribution can lead to unsuitable restoration decisions.","Surviving military equipment may contain hazardous residues or unidentified ammunition requiring specialist assessment."]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["The United States Army Air Corps aircraft designation system classified the A-8 in the attack aircraft category."]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["The aircraft was developed for United States Army Air Corps ground attack operations in the early 1930s.","It is encountered today primarily through historical photographs, technical records and attributed components used in aviation research and collection assessment."]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q1145683: Curtiss A-8","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1145683","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Curtiss A-8","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curtiss_A-8","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["What is the authoritative designation and serial chronology, including prototype and service-test counts, conversions and suffix changes?","Which primary drawings and manuals establish A-8 construction, coverings, cockpit differences and slat or flap mechanisms?","What engine suffixes, capacities, dimensions and performance limits apply to each configuration rather than to the related A-12?","Which contemporary acceptance specifications, servicing instructions and recorded defects apply, and where can their complete texts be read?","What authenticated A-8 material survives, and does an existing Vercy world model already cover this concept and require a registry link instead of a separate publication?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q1145683/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q1145683/spec.json"],"providers":["Codex"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-12T08:57:14Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:25+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}