{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.glass","code":"thing-q11469","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q11469/","name":"glass","alternateNames":["Mineral glass","welding glass","looking glass","natural glass","Phosphate glass","fused quartz","fluoride glass","Libyan desert glass","foam glass","DARVA-Glass","ZBLAN","broken glass"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.2","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.MAT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"Glass is an amorphous solid that exhibits a glass transition when heated towards the liquid state, including silicate and non-silicate compositions such as phosphate glasses; examples include soda-lime, borosilicate, lead, phosphate and fused quartz glasses, and natural glasses such as obsidian and fulgurite. Glasses serve building, packaging, optical, fibre and artistic uses, while transparency and suitability for recycling depend on composition, condition and available recycling systems.","purpose":"Let an agent explain glass types and properties, support selection for building, packaging and optical uses, describe making and recycling, and address safety.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Glass is an amorphous solid.","Glass is typically silica-based.","Transparency depends on composition and condition.","Glass is typically brittle, and its suitability for recycling depends on composition, condition and available recycling systems."],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"types","name":"Types","description":"Kinds of glass.","layers":[{"id":"identify","name":"Identify","description":"Identifying glass.","findings":[{"id":"identify-finding","name":"Identify","description":"Identification.","questions":[{"text":"What type of glass is this, and what does its composition give it?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"How do soda-lime, borosilicate and fused quartz differ?","kind":"definition"}]}]},{"id":"senses","name":"Senses","description":"Other senses.","findings":[{"id":"senses-finding","name":"Senses","description":"Other senses.","questions":[{"text":"Is a drinking glass, a mirror, a welding glass or the material meant?","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"Which entry fits?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"use","name":"Use","description":"Choosing glass.","layers":[{"id":"building","name":"Building","description":"Glazing.","findings":[{"id":"building-finding","name":"Building","description":"Glazing.","questions":[{"text":"Which glass should be used for this window, door or facade, considering safety, insulation and codes?","kind":"action"},{"text":"When is tempered or laminated glass required?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"products","name":"Products","description":"Containers and optics.","findings":[{"id":"products-finding","name":"Products","description":"Products.","questions":[{"text":"Which glass suits containers, cookware, laboratory ware or optics?","kind":"action"},{"text":"What are the food contact rules?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"make","name":"Make","description":"Making and recycling.","layers":[{"id":"manufacture","name":"Manufacture","description":"Glassmaking.","findings":[{"id":"manufacture-finding","name":"Manufacture","description":"Glassmaking.","questions":[{"text":"How is glass made, from batch melting to float, blowing and pressing?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"How is it tempered or laminated?","kind":"definition"}]}]},{"id":"recycle","name":"Recycle","description":"Recycling.","findings":[{"id":"recycle-finding","name":"Recycle","description":"Recycling.","questions":[{"text":"How is glass recycled, and which items cannot go in glass recycling?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"What is the environmental footprint?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"safety","name":"Safety","description":"Handling and breakage.","layers":[{"id":"handle","name":"Handle","description":"Safe handling.","findings":[{"id":"handle-finding","name":"Handle","description":"Handling.","questions":[{"text":"How should broken glass be handled and disposed of safely?","kind":"action"},{"text":"Is someone injured by glass now?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History and art.","findings":[{"id":"history-finding","name":"History","description":"History.","questions":[{"text":"How did glassmaking develop, and which traditions of glass art are notable?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which museums hold collections?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Explain glass types, properties and uses.","Report broken or cracked glass in places it monitors.","Advise on recycling glass according to local rules."],"mustNot":["Leave broken glass where people or animals can be cut.","Present ordinary glass as safety glass where safety glass is required.","Use glass not rated for heat or pressure in such conditions.","Misrepresent the age or maker of glass art in a sale."],"requiresHuman":["Approving glass for structural or safety use."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Broken glass injures people, especially children.","Glass art and historic windows are heritage."],"affectedParties":["People nearby","Glass workers","Collectors"]},"owners":{"steward":"The owner of the item or building.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q103382","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q11438","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q206615","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q214609","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"amorphous solid","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"building material","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"silica","type":"related","note":"main component"},{"target":"ceramic","type":"related","note":"related materials"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.glass","Wikidata: Q11469 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11469)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["Density:  kg/m3 - Density is measured from mass and volume and varies with glass composition.","Glass transition temperature:  degrees Celsius - The transition is characterised by calorimetry or thermal expansion measurements under a stated heating rate.","Refractive index:  dimensionless - Refractive index is measured optically at a specified wavelength and temperature.","Linear thermal expansion coefficient:  1/K - Thermal expansion is measured from dimensional change over a specified temperature interval."]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Glass is an amorphous solid whose transparency depends on composition and condition.","Glass is brittle and can be sharp when broken.","Clear plastics are lighter and softer.","Transparent or coloured hard material, brittle, with smooth surfaces."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain glass composition and types","select glass for an application","describe manufacturing and recycling","give safety guidance"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Cuts from breakage","Thermal shock cracking","Spontaneous breakage of tempered glass"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Building codes for glazing and safety glass","Food contact rules for glass containers","Recycling and packaging regulations"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Transparent and durable material for many uses.","soda-lime glass","borosilicate glass","lead and optical glass","phosphate and specialty glass","fused quartz and natural glass"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q11469: glass","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11469","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Glass","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should each glass type be a separate entry?","How should glazing standards be linked?","How should recycling systems be linked?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q11469/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q11469/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-11T21:12:39Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-08T18:54:35+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}