{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.device","code":"thing-q1183543","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q1183543/","name":"device","alternateNames":[],"kind":"thing","status":"research-draft","version":"0.2.0-wave.3","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.OBJ"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A physical object made or adapted for a particular purpose, especially a piece of equipment or mechanism, from simple tools and fittings to electronic and medical devices; the term is used broadly in engineering, law and everyday speech, and more narrowly in regulation for classes such as medical devices and electronic devices, and it overlaps with tool, instrument, appliance and machine.","purpose":"Let an agent explain device as a general concept and its regulatory senses, distinguish devices from tools, instruments, appliances and machines, relay regulatory frameworks for classes such as medical and electronic devices, and route to entries for specific kinds.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Purpose-made","Very broad category","Regulatory classes","Overlap with tool and machine"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"concept","name":"Concept","description":"What a device is.","layers":[{"id":"definition","name":"Definition","description":"Definition and senses.","findings":[{"id":"definition-finding","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","questions":[{"text":"What is a device, and how do general and regulatory senses differ?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is the object a device, a tool, a machine, an instrument or an appliance?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"kinds","name":"Kinds","description":"Kinds.","findings":[{"id":"kinds-finding","name":"Kinds","description":"Kinds.","questions":[{"text":"What kinds of device exist across mechanical, electronic and medical fields?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits the specific kind?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"regulate","name":"Regulate","description":"Regulation.","layers":[{"id":"medical","name":"Medical","description":"Medical devices.","findings":[{"id":"medical-finding","name":"Medical","description":"Medical.","questions":[{"text":"How are medical devices defined, classified and regulated?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits medical device?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"electronic","name":"Electronic","description":"Electronic devices.","findings":[{"id":"electronic-finding","name":"Electronic","description":"Electronic.","questions":[{"text":"What safety, compatibility and waste rules apply to electronic devices?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"design","name":"Design","description":"Design and lifecycle.","layers":[{"id":"design","name":"Design","description":"Design.","findings":[{"id":"design-finding","name":"Design","description":"Design.","questions":[{"text":"How are devices designed, tested and certified, in general terms?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the question about a specific product, which needs its documentation?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"lifecycle","name":"Lifecycle","description":"Lifecycle and disposal.","findings":[{"id":"lifecycle-finding","name":"Lifecycle","description":"Lifecycle.","questions":[{"text":"How are devices maintained, repaired and disposed of, including right to repair and e-waste rules?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits electronic waste?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"context","name":"Context","description":"Language and history.","layers":[{"id":"language","name":"Language","description":"Usage.","findings":[{"id":"language-finding","name":"Language","description":"Language.","questions":[{"text":"How is device used in engineering, law and everyday speech, including figurative senses?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which sources are cited?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History.","findings":[{"id":"history-finding","name":"History","description":"History.","questions":[{"text":"How has the range of devices expanded from simple mechanisms to smart devices?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits the history of technology?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Describe a device by its purpose, kind and regulatory class where one applies.","Monitor and operate devices the agent is authorized to use.","Report faults and recalls to the device's owner."],"mustNot":["Operate or change devices it is not authorized to use.","Misclassify a device to avoid regulation, such as calling a medical device a gadget.","Disable safety features on any device.","Hide device failures or safety incidents."],"requiresHuman":["Using devices that act on people's bodies or safety."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Device failures cause injuries; honest classification protects users.","Devices can collect data on people without their knowledge."],"affectedParties":["Users","Bystanders","Patients using medical devices"]},"owners":{"steward":"The owner or operator of the device; makers answer for their design.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Medical device registers","Product recall databases"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q1485500","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q16686448","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q223557","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"artificial object","type":"related","note":"in registry terms"},{"target":"tangible good","type":"related","note":"in registry terms"},{"target":"tool","type":"related","note":"an overlapping category"},{"target":"machine","type":"related","note":"an overlapping category"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.device","Wikidata: Q1183543 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1183543)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":[]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Purpose-made physical object or mechanism","General and regulatory senses","Tools are hand-operated; machines transform energy; instruments measure; software devices are figurative","Varies; any purpose-made object from a hinge to a smartphone."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain the concept and its senses","distinguish from related concepts","relay regulatory frameworks by class","route to specific kinds"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vagueness of the general term","Regulatory misclassification","Device failure and safety incidents"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Medical device regulations such as the EU MDR and FDA rules","Electronic device safety and electromagnetic compatibility rules","Product safety and liability law","Patent law definitions"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Serving a particular purpose as an artefact.","mechanical devices and fittings","electronic and computing devices","medical devices","safety and protective devices","measuring devices and instruments","devices as a legal category in patents and product safety"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q1183543: device","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1183543","note":"identity and sense of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should medical device and electronic device be the primary linked entries?","How should regulatory frameworks be linked?","How should the boundary with tool and machine be recorded?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q1183543/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q1183543/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-13T00:04:25Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"missing","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{},"score":0.941}}