{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.ward","code":"thing-q1195098","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q1195098/","name":"ward","alternateNames":["Wards and Electoral divisions of Nepal","Consejo popular","municipal legislative district in the United States","ward of Washington, D.C.","municipal electoral district in Canada","ward or electoral division of Australia","electoral ward of the Kozhikode Corporation","electoral ward of the Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike","electoral ward of the Ghaziabad Municipal Corporation","electoral ward of the Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation","electoral ward of the Kanpur Municipal Corporation","electoral ward of the Kolkata Municipal Corporation"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.2","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.PLC"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A ward is a subdivision of a local government unit used for electoral purposes, with boundaries and arrangements for representation determined by the applicable jurisdiction; administrative or statistical functions may coexist with its electoral role, but separate representatives and identifying codes are not universal requirements.","purpose":"Let an agent explain wards as electoral subdivisions by country, identify the ward of a place, describe boundaries and applicable representation arrangements, and distinguish other senses.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Local subdivision","Electoral function","Country-specific","Boundary reviews"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"identify","name":"Identify","description":"Which ward.","layers":[{"id":"place","name":"Place","description":"Ward of a place.","findings":[{"id":"place-finding","name":"Place","description":"Lookup.","questions":[{"text":"Which ward does this address belong to, and who represents it, according to official sources?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is an electoral ward, a hospital ward or another sense meant?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"country","name":"Country","description":"Ward systems by country.","findings":[{"id":"country-finding","name":"Country","description":"By country.","questions":[{"text":"How are wards defined and used in this country, such as the United Kingdom, Japan, Nepal or Canada?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits a specific ward?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"govern","name":"Govern","description":"Elections and administration.","layers":[{"id":"elections","name":"Elections","description":"Electoral role.","findings":[{"id":"elections-finding","name":"Elections","description":"Elections.","questions":[{"text":"How are ward councillors elected, and how do wards relate to higher electoral districts?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"How can residents engage with ward representatives?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"boundaries","name":"Boundaries","description":"Boundary reviews.","findings":[{"id":"boundaries-finding","name":"Boundaries","description":"Boundaries.","questions":[{"text":"How are ward boundaries drawn and reviewed, and what safeguards exist against gerrymandering?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Where can boundary data be obtained?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"Origins.","layers":[{"id":"origins","name":"Origins","description":"Origins of wards.","findings":[{"id":"origins-finding","name":"Origins","description":"Origins.","questions":[{"text":"Where does the ward as a civic division come from, and how did it spread?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"How have ward systems changed?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"compare","name":"Compare","description":"Comparing systems.","findings":[{"id":"compare-finding","name":"Compare","description":"Comparison.","questions":[{"text":"How do ward systems compare across countries in size, powers and representation?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which misconceptions arise?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"data","name":"Data","description":"Statistics and teaching.","layers":[{"id":"statistics","name":"Statistics","description":"Wards in statistics.","findings":[{"id":"statistics-finding","name":"Statistics","description":"Statistics.","questions":[{"text":"How are wards used as statistical units, and which data are published at ward level?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which codes identify wards?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"teach","name":"Teach","description":"Teaching.","findings":[{"id":"teach-finding","name":"Teach","description":"Teaching.","questions":[{"text":"How can local electoral geography be taught?","kind":"action"},{"text":"Which entry fits local government?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Report a ward's name, boundaries and elected representatives from the electoral or local authority.","Make clear which sense of ward is meant, such as an electoral ward rather than a hospital ward or a person under guardianship."],"mustNot":["Use superseded ward boundaries after a review as if they were current.","Help draw ward boundaries to favour a party or exclude a group of voters.","Misstate which ward a voter belongs to or where they vote.","Profile residents of a ward in ways that stigmatise them."],"requiresHuman":["Proposing or adopting changes to ward boundaries."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Ward boundaries decide how votes count and who is represented.","Ward-level data can stigmatise neighbourhoods."],"affectedParties":["Voters and residents","Candidates and councillors","Local authorities"]},"owners":{"steward":"The municipality; a boundary or electoral commission sets the boundaries in many places.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Electoral registers","Official boundary datasets"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q15042037","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q192611","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q48907157","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"electoral unit","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"section of populated place","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"council member","type":"related","note":"ward representatives"},{"target":"administrative territorial entity of Japan","type":"related","note":"Japanese wards"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.ward","Wikidata: Q1195098 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1195098)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":[]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["An electoral ward appears as a named or otherwise identified subdivision of a local government unit in electoral maps or records.","Its electoral function distinguishes it from a subdivision used solely for administration or statistics.","Hospital wards and prison wards are other senses.","Not physical; boundaries on maps."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain ward systems by country","identify the ward of a place","describe boundaries and representation","separate other senses"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Outdated boundaries after reviews","Confusing senses of ward","Gerrymandering concerns"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Electoral boundary review laws","Local government law","Statistical geography standards"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Local electoral and administrative subdivisions.","electoral wards","municipal administrative wards","wards of Japanese cities","wards in Nepal and other countries","special forms such as Cuban popular councils"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q1195098: ward","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1195098","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Ward (electoral subdivision)","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ward_%28electoral_subdivision%29","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should each national ward system be a separate entry?","How should boundary data be linked?","How should other senses be split?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q1195098/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q1195098/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-11T23:38:08Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T12:16:28+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"An electoral ward is an administrative subdivision whose mapped territory has measurable extent, but the subdivision itself has no intrinsic physical properties."},"score":1.0}}