{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.quercus","code":"thing-q12004","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q12004/","name":"Quercus","alternateNames":["hollow oak","Quercus pubescens"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.3","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.LIV"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A genus of about 500 species of trees and shrubs in the beech family, the oaks, native to the northern hemisphere, including deciduous and evergreen species such as the English oak, the downy oak Quercus pubescens of southern Europe, the cork oak and the live oaks of North America, bearing acorns and lobed or entire leaves, long lived and often hollow with age; oaks are keystone species supporting many insects and fungi, sources of timber, cork and tannin, and national symbols in several countries.","purpose":"Let an agent describe the oak genus and its species, relay botany, ecology and uses from botanical sources, describe cultivation and threats, and route to entries for specific species.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Acorns","Longevity","Keystone ecology","Durable timber"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"What oaks are.","layers":[{"id":"botany","name":"Botany","description":"Botany.","findings":[{"id":"botany-finding","name":"Botany","description":"Botany.","questions":[{"text":"What defines the oak genus, and how are white, red and live oaks distinguished?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is the question about oaks in general, a specific species or a look-alike?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"species","name":"Species","description":"Species.","findings":[{"id":"species-finding","name":"Species","description":"Species.","questions":[{"text":"What are the main species, such as English oak, downy oak, cork oak and live oaks, and where do they grow?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits the specific species?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"ecology","name":"Ecology","description":"Ecology.","layers":[{"id":"habitat","name":"Habitat","description":"Habitat value.","findings":[{"id":"habitat-finding","name":"Habitat","description":"Habitat.","questions":[{"text":"Why are oaks keystone species, and what do hollow ancient oaks support?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"threats","name":"Threats","description":"Threats.","findings":[{"id":"threats-finding","name":"Threats","description":"Threats.","questions":[{"text":"What pests, diseases and climate threats affect oaks?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits the specific disease?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"use","name":"Use","description":"Uses and cultivation.","layers":[{"id":"uses","name":"Uses","description":"Timber, cork and tannin.","findings":[{"id":"uses-finding","name":"Uses","description":"Uses.","questions":[{"text":"How are oak timber, cork and tannin produced and used?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which sources are cited?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"cultivation","name":"Cultivation","description":"Growing oaks.","findings":[{"id":"cultivation-finding","name":"Cultivation","description":"Cultivation.","questions":[{"text":"How are oaks grown from acorns and managed in forestry and landscapes?","kind":"action"},{"text":"Which entry fits oak forestry?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"context","name":"Context","description":"Culture and history.","layers":[{"id":"culture","name":"Culture","description":"Culture.","findings":[{"id":"culture-finding","name":"Culture","description":"Culture.","questions":[{"text":"What do oaks symbolise in mythology, national emblems and literature?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits oak in culture?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History.","findings":[{"id":"history-finding","name":"History","description":"History.","questions":[{"text":"How have oaks shaped shipbuilding, architecture and land use?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits the history of forestry?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Identify oak species from documented leaf, acorn and bark features and recorded distribution.","Report the health and protection status of an oak from the relevant tree register.","Advise on planting and care using recognised arboricultural guidance."],"mustNot":["Fell, prune or treat an oak without the owner's permission and any required consent.","Move oak wood, foliage or soil in breach of plant health rules on oak diseases and pests.","Present acorns or oak products as safe food or feed without processing and testing.","Give the precise location of a veteran or protected tree where it would invite damage."],"requiresHuman":["Any felling, pruning or treatment of a mature, veteran or protected oak.","Reporting a suspected quarantine pest or disease."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Ancient oaks are irreplaceable habitats built over centuries, and a single felling ends them.","Oaks carry cultural and sacred meaning for many communities, and some are legally protected."],"affectedParties":["Species that depend on oak habitat","Local communities and landowners","Future generations"]},"owners":{"steward":"The landowner where it grows; tree preservation and plant health authorities regulate work on it.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Tree preservation order registers","Ancient and veteran tree inventories"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q148993","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"broad-leaved tree","type":"related","note":"in registry terms"},{"target":"Fagaceae","type":"related","note":"the beech family"},{"target":"acorn","type":"related","note":"as its fruit"},{"target":"oak timber","type":"related","note":"and cork"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.quercus","Wikidata: Q12004 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12004)","taxon: Quercus L., 1753"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["species: about 500 count","lifespan: up to 1000 years - some species","height: up to about 40 m"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Acorn-bearing trees of the beech family","White oaks, red oaks, live oaks, cork oak, downy oak; hollow ancient oaks","Beeches and chestnuts are related genera; poison oak is unrelated","Large trees with lobed or toothed leaves, acorns and furrowed bark."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["describe the genus and species","relay ecology and uses","relay cultivation and threats","route to specific species"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Oak processionary moth, acute oak decline and sudden oak death","Loss of ancient oaks","Confusing oak species and look-alikes"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Forestry and tree protection laws","Plant health rules on oak pests and diseases","Timber grading standards"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Not applicable; a genus of trees.","white oak section including English oak and downy oak","red oak section","evergreen and live oaks","cork oak","Asian oaks","ancient and hollow oaks as habitats"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q12004: Quercus","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12004","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Oak","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oak","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should English oak and downy oak be separate primary entries?","How should botanical references be linked?","The registry entry has merged aliases naming one species and hollow oaks; should they be split off?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q12004/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q12004/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-13T02:58:53Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:51:53+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}