{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.cup-q1242244","code":"thing-q1242244","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q1242244/","name":"cup","alternateNames":[],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.1","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Cross-cutting context","entryKind":"thing","plane":"XCT","domain":["XCT.QTY"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A unit of volume used mainly in cooking, whose size depends on the system: the US customary cup of about 236.6 ml, the US legal cup of 240 ml, the metric cup of 250 ml, and others.","purpose":"Let an agent convert and interpret cup measures by naming the system, and never assume one cup is the same everywhere.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["A volume unit, not a mass unit","Varies by country and use, so the system must be stated","Not part of the SI","Different from the drinking cup, the object"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"system-and-size","name":"System and size","description":"Which cup is meant.","layers":[{"id":"system","name":"System","description":"US, metric, imperial or Japanese.","findings":[{"id":"system-finding","name":"Cup system","description":"The system assumed by the source.","questions":[{"text":"Which cup system does this source use?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"What evidence in the source indicates it?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"size","name":"Size","description":"Exact volume.","findings":[{"id":"size-finding","name":"Exact volume","description":"The volume in millilitres.","questions":[{"text":"What is the exact volume of this cup in millilitres?","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"What rounding is acceptable for this use?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"conversion","name":"Conversion","description":"To other units.","layers":[{"id":"volume","name":"Volume conversion","description":"To millilitres and spoons.","findings":[{"id":"volume-finding","name":"Volume factors","description":"Factors to other volume units.","questions":[{"text":"How many millilitres, tablespoons or teaspoons is this?","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Are the spoons in the same system?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"mass","name":"Mass conversion","description":"To grams by ingredient.","findings":[{"id":"mass-finding","name":"Density used","description":"The ingredient density used.","questions":[{"text":"What density was used to convert to grams?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"How much does packing or sifting change it?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"measuring-practice","name":"Measuring practice","description":"How people measure.","layers":[{"id":"technique","name":"Technique","description":"Levelling, packing and spooning.","findings":[{"id":"technique-finding","name":"Technique used","description":"How the cup is filled.","questions":[{"text":"How should the cup be filled for this ingredient?","kind":"action"},{"text":"How much variation does technique introduce?","kind":"measurement"}]}]},{"id":"tools","name":"Tools","description":"Measuring cups and jugs.","findings":[{"id":"tools-finding","name":"Tool calibration","description":"The measuring tool and its markings.","questions":[{"text":"Which measuring tool is used, and in which system is it marked?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"How accurate is it?","kind":"measurement"}]}]}]},{"id":"safety-and-labelling","name":"Safety and labelling","description":"Where accuracy matters.","layers":[{"id":"labelling","name":"Nutrition labelling","description":"Serving sizes.","findings":[{"id":"labelling-finding","name":"Labelling rule","description":"The legal cup used on labels.","questions":[{"text":"Which cup definition applies to this label?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"How does it compare with the household cup?","kind":"measurement"}]}]},{"id":"medicine","name":"Medicine","description":"Why not to use cups for doses.","findings":[{"id":"medicine-finding","name":"Dosing guidance","description":"Guidance against household measures for medicine.","questions":[{"text":"Is a cup measure being used for a medicine dose?","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"What should be used instead?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Convert cup measures once the cup system is known.","Scale recipes and state the cup system used."],"mustNot":["Assume one cup size when the recipe's system is unknown.","Convert cups to mass without the ingredient's density.","Advise measuring medicine with kitchen cups."],"requiresHuman":["Converting measures for medical or infant feeding."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Measurement errors in food can harm people with medical diets or allergies."],"affectedParties":["Cooks and bakers","People on medical diets"]},"owners":{"steward":"Nobody owns it; national standards bodies define customary and metric units.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q1302471","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q16782623","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"unit of volume","type":"related","note":"converts to the SI litre"},{"target":"cup as a vessel","type":"related","note":"a homonym; the vessel is an object"},{"target":"density","type":"related","note":"mass equivalents depend on the ingredient"},{"target":"recipe","type":"related","note":"the main context"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.cup-q1242244","Wikidata: Q1242244 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1242244)","UCUM unit code: [cup_us], [cup_m] Unified Code for Units of Measure"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":["US customary cup: 236.588 ml - half a US liquid pint","US legal cup: 240 ml - used for nutrition labelling","metric cup: 250 ml - Australia, Canada, New Zealand and others","Japanese cup: 200 ml - rice cup is about 180 ml"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Measuring cups marked with fractions of a cup","Recipe text using \"cup\" or \"c.\"","The drinking cup is not a measure; this entry is the unit","A graduated measuring cup or a set of nested cups marked 1, 1/2, 1/3 and 1/4."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["measure ingredients, with a measuring cup","convert it to millilitres, once the system is known","convert it to mass, only with the density of the ingredient","scale a recipe"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Using the wrong cup size, which changes a recipe by several percent","Converting cups to grams without the ingredient density","Dosing medicine with kitchen cups instead of calibrated measures"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["US FDA nutrition labelling rules defining the 240 ml cup","NIST Handbook 44 for US customary units","UCUM for coded units"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Measuring ingredients by volume in recipes.","US customary cup","US legal cup","metric cup","imperial cup","Japanese cup and rice cup"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q1242244: cup","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1242244","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Cup (unit)","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cup_%28unit%29","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should each cup system be a separate unit entry?","How should recipes record which cup they assume?","Should the registry hold density tables for common ingredients?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q1242244/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q1242244/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-11T04:35:51Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:51:53+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane XCT: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}