{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.candle","code":"thing-q12888135","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q12888135/","name":"candle","alternateNames":["candle clock","Joss stick","spermaceti candle","outdoor candle","birthday candle","Warosoku","Argizaiola","This Smells Like My Vagina","trench candle","grave candle","tealight","tallow candle"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.3","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Activities and processes","entryKind":"thing","plane":"ACT","domain":["ACT.ACT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A light source consisting of a wick embedded in a solid fuel such as wax, tallow, spermaceti or paraffin that burns steadily when lit, used historically for illumination and today for ceremony, religion, decoration, scent and emergency light, in forms such as birthday candles, outdoor candles and Japanese warosoku; candle clocks once measured time, and candles are regulated for fire and emissions safety.","purpose":"Let an agent explain candles, their materials and kinds, relay history, cultural and religious uses with attribution, and relay fire safety and product standards.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Self-contained fuel and wick","Ceremonial and religious roles","Historical timekeeping","Fire safety concerns"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"identify","name":"Identify","description":"What candle this is.","layers":[{"id":"kind","name":"Kind","description":"Kind and material.","findings":[{"id":"kind-finding","name":"Kind","description":"Kind.","questions":[{"text":"What kind of candle is it, and what is it made of?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is the item a candle, an oil lamp, incense or an electric imitation?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"how","name":"How","description":"How candles burn.","findings":[{"id":"how-finding","name":"How","description":"How.","questions":[{"text":"How does a candle burn, and what determines flame and burn time?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits combustion?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"use","name":"Use","description":"Uses and culture.","layers":[{"id":"religious","name":"Religious","description":"Religious and ceremonial use.","findings":[{"id":"religious-finding","name":"Religious","description":"Religious.","questions":[{"text":"How are candles used in religious and ceremonial practice, with attribution?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the presentation respectful?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"everyday","name":"Everyday","description":"Everyday and decorative use.","findings":[{"id":"everyday-finding","name":"Everyday","description":"Everyday.","questions":[{"text":"How are candles used for decoration, scent and celebration?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits the specific kind?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"safety","name":"Safety","description":"Safety and standards.","layers":[{"id":"fire","name":"Fire","description":"Fire safety.","findings":[{"id":"fire-finding","name":"Fire","description":"Fire.","questions":[{"text":"What fire safety advice and standards apply to candles?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"emissions","name":"Emissions","description":"Emissions and health.","findings":[{"id":"emissions-finding","name":"Emissions","description":"Emissions.","questions":[{"text":"What do studies say about candle emissions and indoor air?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which sources are cited?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"context","name":"Context","description":"History and making.","layers":[{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History.","findings":[{"id":"history-finding","name":"History","description":"History.","questions":[{"text":"How did candles develop from tallow and beeswax through spermaceti to paraffin, and how did candle clocks work?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits the history of lighting?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"making","name":"Making","description":"Candle making.","findings":[{"id":"making-finding","name":"Making","description":"Making.","questions":[{"text":"How are candles made by hand and industrially?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits candle making?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Describe candle types, fuels and safe use.","Remind people to put out candles before leaving a room or going to sleep."],"mustNot":["Leave a lit candle unattended or near curtains, paper or other fuel.","Light candles in places where open flame is forbidden, such as near oxygen supply or in some heritage buildings.","Move or extinguish candles used in worship or memorials without the community's permission.","Misrepresent scented candles as medically therapeutic."],"requiresHuman":["Lighting a candle in a home or venue on behalf of its occupants."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Candles cause house fires, often in homes of older or vulnerable people.","Candles carry religious and memorial meaning that deserves respect."],"affectedParties":["Occupants of the room","Children and pets","Worshippers and mourners"]},"owners":{"steward":"The person who keeps and lights it; the keeper of a place of worship for candles placed there.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q113383399","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q20087093","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q28877","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q837718","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"portable light source","type":"related","note":"in registry terms"},{"target":"good","type":"related","note":"in registry terms"},{"target":"wax","type":"related","note":"and a wick"},{"target":"candela","type":"related","note":"the SI unit"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.candle","Wikidata: Q12888135 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12888135)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":["flame temperature: about 1000-1400 degrees C","candela origin: one candle reference - historical basis of the luminous intensity unit"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Wick in solid fuel burning as a light","Wax, tallow, spermaceti, paraffin and plant waxes","Oil lamps burn liquid fuel; incense sticks burn for scent; electric candles imitate","A cylinder or shaped block of wax with a central wick, burning with a small flame."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain materials and kinds","relay history and uses","relay safety and standards","distinguish from related items"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["House fires from unattended candles","Soot and emissions","Burns"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Candle fire safety standards such as EN 15493 and ASTM F2417","Emission and labelling rules for candles","Fire codes for candle use in venues"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Light, ceremony, decoration and scent.","tallow, beeswax, spermaceti and paraffin candles","birthday and decorative candles","religious and ceremonial candles","outdoor and garden candles","Japanese warosoku","candle clocks","incense sticks as a related item"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q12888135: candle","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12888135","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Candle","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Candle","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should candle clock and warosoku be separate entries?","How should safety standards be linked?","The registry entry has merged aliases naming kinds and incense; should they be split off?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q12888135/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q12888135/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-13T00:04:25Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:25+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane ACT: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}