{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.romani","code":"thing-q13201","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q13201/","name":"Romani","alternateNames":["Romani language in Bulgaria","Rodi","O and E superdialects","Auvergne Romani","Rumelian Romani","Colombian Romani","Romani jargon","Balkan Romani","Vlax Romani","Para-Romani","Servitka Romani","Carpathian Romani"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.3","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Information and virtual systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"INF","domain":["INF.MED"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"An Indo-Aryan language of the Romani people, descended from languages of northern India and spoken in many dialects across Europe and the Americas, including the Vlax, Balkan, Carpathian and Sinti groups and regional varieties such as Rumelian Romani and Romani in Bulgaria, with the O and E superdialect distinction used by linguists; Romani has no state and no single standard, has borrowed heavily from contact languages, is spoken by several million people and is recognised as a minority language in a number of countries.","purpose":"Let an agent describe the Romani language and its dialects with attribution, relay speaker numbers, status and standardisation efforts with sources, explain its Indian origin and contact history, and use the self-designation Romani and Roma rather than exonyms.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Indian origin","Diaspora without territory","Dialect diversity","Heavy contact influence"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"identify","name":"Identify","description":"What Romani is.","layers":[{"id":"definition","name":"Definition","description":"Language and dialects.","findings":[{"id":"definition-finding","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","questions":[{"text":"What is Romani, and how are its dialects classified, including the O and E superdialects?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is the question about the language, a para-Romani variety or the Roma people?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"speakers","name":"Speakers","description":"Speakers.","findings":[{"id":"speakers-finding","name":"Speakers","description":"Speakers.","questions":[{"text":"How many people speak Romani, and where, with sources and their limits?","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Which entry fits the specific dialect?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"structure","name":"Structure","description":"Grammar and contact.","layers":[{"id":"grammar","name":"Grammar","description":"Grammar.","findings":[{"id":"grammar-finding","name":"Grammar","description":"Grammar.","questions":[{"text":"What are the main features of Romani grammar and vocabulary?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits Indo-Aryan linguistics?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"contact","name":"Contact","description":"Contact and borrowing.","findings":[{"id":"contact-finding","name":"Contact","description":"Contact.","questions":[{"text":"How have contact languages shaped Romani dialects and para-Romani varieties?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"Origin and history.","layers":[{"id":"origin","name":"Origin","description":"Indian origin.","findings":[{"id":"origin-finding","name":"Origin","description":"Origin.","questions":[{"text":"What do linguistics and genetics say about the Indian origin and migration of the Roma, with findings attributed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which sources are cited?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"europe","name":"Europe","description":"History in Europe.","findings":[{"id":"europe-finding","name":"Europe","description":"Europe.","questions":[{"text":"How has the language survived persecution, including the Roma genocide, as historians document?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the presentation respectful and attributed?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"today","name":"Today","description":"Status and standardisation.","layers":[{"id":"status","name":"Status","description":"Status and rights.","findings":[{"id":"status-finding","name":"Status","description":"Status.","questions":[{"text":"Where is Romani recognised, and what education and media exist?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits Roma rights?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"standard","name":"Standard","description":"Standardisation.","findings":[{"id":"standard-finding","name":"Standard","description":"Standard.","questions":[{"text":"What efforts exist to standardise Romani, and what debates surround them, with positions attributed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits Romani standardisation?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Translate to and from Romani, naming the dialect group and noting uncertainty.","Help Romani speakers reach services in their own language where provision exists."],"mustNot":["Treat one dialect's forms as the standard for all Romani speakers.","Repeat slurs or stereotypes about Roma when describing the language.","Identify people as Roma from their speech in ways that expose them to discrimination.","Present Romani as a jargon or argot rather than a language."],"requiresHuman":["Publishing official or educational material in Romani."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Roma face persecution across Europe; language data can be used to target them.","The language survives without a state behind it and loses speakers to assimilation pressure."],"affectedParties":["Romani speakers","Roma children in schools","Diaspora communities"]},"owners":{"steward":"Nobody owns the language; Roma communities hold it.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q10979187","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Central Indo-Aryan","type":"related","note":"in registry terms"},{"target":"Romani people","type":"related","note":"the Roma"},{"target":"Domari","type":"related","note":"a separate Indo-Aryan diaspora language"},{"target":"European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages","type":"related","note":"in several states"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.romani","Wikidata: Q13201 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13201)","ISO 639-2: rom","ISO 639-3: rom macrolanguage with dialect codes"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":["speakers: about 3.5 million people - estimates vary widely","dialect groups: 4 major count - by common classification"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Indo-Aryan language of the Roma","Vlax, Balkan, Carpathian, Sinti and other dialect groups","Para-Romani varieties such as Angloromani mix Romani vocabulary with other grammars; Domari is a related but distinct language","Not a visible object; written in Latin and Cyrillic based orthographies."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["describe dialects and classification","relay speaker numbers and status","explain origin and history","present standardisation efforts"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Use of exonyms considered offensive","Stereotyping of speakers","Unsourced speaker figures","Treating dialects as one uniform language"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Minority language recognition in countries such as Sweden, Finland and Romania","Council of Europe initiatives on Romani","No single standard orthography"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Not applicable; a language.","Vlax Romani","Balkan Romani including Rumelian","Central or Carpathian Romani","Northern groups including Sinti and Finnish Romani","Romani in specific countries such as Bulgaria and Colombia","para-Romani mixed varieties","standardisation and literary Romani"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q13201: Romani","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13201","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Romani language","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romani_language","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should dialect groups be separate entries?","How should linguistic and rights sources be linked?","The registry entry has merged aliases naming dialects and a classification term; should they be split off?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q13201/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q13201/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-13T00:57:20Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:51:54+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane INF: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}