{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.extension","code":"thing-q1384981","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q1384981/","name":"extension","alternateNames":["extension of the arm via the shoulder joint","extension of the elbow joint","extension of the wrist joint","extension of the fingers","extension of the thumb","extension of the hip joint","extension of the knee joint","extension of the toes","extension of the torso","extension of the neck","extension of the head","extension of the head on the neck"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.1","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Activities and processes","entryKind":"thing","plane":"ACT","domain":["ACT.EVT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"In anatomy, a movement that increases the angle between body parts at a joint, straightening a limb or the trunk, such as extending the elbow, knee, hip, wrist, fingers or neck; it is the opposite of flexion, and movement beyond the normal range is hyperextension.","purpose":"Let an agent explain extension by joint, muscles involved and range of motion measurement in general terms, route suspected serious injuries to care, and separate other senses of extension.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Increases joint angle","Opposite of flexion","Produced by extensor muscles","Measured in degrees"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"anatomy","name":"Anatomy","description":"Movement.","layers":[{"id":"joint","name":"Joint","description":"Which joint.","findings":[{"id":"joint-finding","name":"Joint","description":"Joint.","questions":[{"text":"Which joint is extending, and in which plane?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"What is the normal range, according to reference sources?","kind":"measurement"}]}]},{"id":"muscles","name":"Muscles","description":"Extensors.","findings":[{"id":"muscles-finding","name":"Muscles","description":"Muscles.","questions":[{"text":"Which muscles produce this extension?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which nerves supply them?","kind":"definition"}]}]}]},{"id":"measure","name":"Measure","description":"Range of motion.","layers":[{"id":"goniometry","name":"Goniometry","description":"Measuring angles.","findings":[{"id":"goniometry-finding","name":"Goniometry","description":"Goniometry.","questions":[{"text":"How is extension range measured with a goniometer?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"What is the starting position?","kind":"definition"}]}]},{"id":"exercise","name":"Exercise","description":"Training.","findings":[{"id":"exercise-finding","name":"Exercise","description":"Exercise.","questions":[{"text":"Which exercises train extension safely, according to reputable sources?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the user recovering from an injury?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"injury","name":"Injury","description":"Hyperextension.","layers":[{"id":"urgent","name":"Urgent","description":"Serious injury.","findings":[{"id":"urgent-finding","name":"Urgent","description":"Serious injury.","questions":[{"text":"Is there severe pain, deformity, numbness or inability to move after a hyperextension injury?","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"Should urgent medical care be sought, and should the neck be kept still if a neck injury is possible?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"personal","name":"Personal","description":"Personal questions.","findings":[{"id":"personal-finding","name":"Personal","description":"Personal advice limits.","questions":[{"text":"Is the user asking about their own limited movement?","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"How should the agent refer them to a clinician or physiotherapist?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"senses","name":"Senses","description":"Disambiguation.","layers":[{"id":"everyday","name":"Everyday","description":"Other meanings.","findings":[{"id":"everyday-finding","name":"Everyday","description":"Everyday senses.","questions":[{"text":"Is a deadline extension, building extension or extension cord meant?","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"Which entry fits?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"technical","name":"Technical","description":"Computing and logic.","findings":[{"id":"technical-finding","name":"Technical","description":"Technical senses.","questions":[{"text":"Is a file extension, browser extension or the extension of a concept in logic meant?","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"Which entry fits?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Explain joint extension and its normal range, citing anatomy sources.","Guide exercises a clinician has prescribed and log the person's progress."],"mustNot":["Force a joint into extension beyond its safe range, for example in an assistive or rehabilitation device.","Diagnose a joint problem or prescribe treatment for a person.","Share a person's movement or health data without consent."],"requiresHuman":["Changing the settings of a rehabilitation or exoskeleton device."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Overextension injuries can cause lasting damage, especially to frail people.","Movement data can reveal health conditions."],"affectedParties":["Patients and athletes","Users of assistive devices"]},"owners":{"steward":"The person whose body it is; their clinician answers for treatment.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q25624925","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"muscle movement","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"flexion","type":"related","note":"opposite"},{"target":"extensor muscle","type":"related","note":"agent"},{"target":"goniometer","type":"related","note":"instrument"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.extension","Wikidata: Q1384981 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1384981)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":[]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Straightening movements","Opposite of bending (flexion)","Hyperextension goes beyond the normal range","Straightening of a joint, such as a straight arm or leg."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["describe extension at a given joint","identify muscles that produce it","understand range of motion measurement","separate other senses of extension"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Hyperextension injuries","Agents diagnosing joint problems","Confusing senses of extension"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Anatomical terminology (Terminologia Anatomica)","Clinical range of motion reference values"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Describing movement in anatomy, exercise and rehabilitation.","elbow and knee extension","hip and trunk extension","wrist and finger extension","neck extension","hyperextension"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q1384981: extension","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1384981","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Extension (kinesiology)","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extension_%28kinesiology%29","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should each joint movement be a separate entry?","How should reference ranges be linked?","How should other senses be split off?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q1384981/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q1384981/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-11T13:11:21Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:51:54+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane ACT: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}