{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.road-surface-marking","code":"thing-q1392287","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q1392287/","name":"road surface marking","alternateNames":["route shield pavement marking","channelizing island","center line","rumble strip","road shoulder line","active road surface marking","stop and yield lines","reflective glass bead","road surface marking in France","Botts' dots","yellow line","Road markings in Japan"],"kind":"thing","status":"research-draft","version":"0.2.0-wave.2","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.BLT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"Lines, symbols and words applied to road surfaces to guide, warn and regulate traffic, including centre lines, edge and shoulder lines, lane markings, pedestrian crossings, arrows, route shields, channelising islands and rumble strips, and emerging active markings; markings follow national standards and international conventions.","purpose":"Let an agent explain the meaning of road markings by country, support road design and maintenance questions, and give road users guidance on markings.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["On the road surface","Regulatory or advisory","Standardised colours and patterns","Country-specific rules"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"meaning","name":"Meaning","description":"What markings mean.","layers":[{"id":"interpret","name":"Interpret","description":"This marking.","findings":[{"id":"interpret-finding","name":"Interpret","description":"Meaning.","questions":[{"text":"What does this road marking mean, and what must road users do, according to the national code?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is it regulatory or advisory?","kind":"definition"}]}]},{"id":"countries","name":"Countries","description":"Differences.","findings":[{"id":"countries-finding","name":"Countries","description":"Differences.","questions":[{"text":"How do marking colours and conventions differ between countries?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which convention does this country follow?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"design","name":"Design","description":"Standards.","layers":[{"id":"standards","name":"Standards","description":"Design standards.","findings":[{"id":"standards-finding","name":"Standards","description":"Standards.","questions":[{"text":"Which standards govern the dimensions, colours and placement of markings here?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"How are cycle and bus lanes marked?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"materials","name":"Materials","description":"Materials and visibility.","findings":[{"id":"materials-finding","name":"Materials","description":"Materials.","questions":[{"text":"Which materials are used, and how is night and wet visibility ensured?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"How is skid resistance maintained?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"maintain","name":"Maintain","description":"Condition.","layers":[{"id":"report","name":"Report","description":"Worn markings.","findings":[{"id":"report-finding","name":"Report","description":"Reporting.","questions":[{"text":"How can worn or missing markings be reported to the road authority?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which standards set replacement thresholds?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"safety","name":"Safety","description":"Safety effects.","findings":[{"id":"safety-finding","name":"Safety","description":"Safety.","questions":[{"text":"What does research say about the safety effects of markings such as rumble strips?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which markings reduce crashes?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"future","name":"Future","description":"New technologies.","layers":[{"id":"active","name":"Active","description":"Active markings.","findings":[{"id":"active-finding","name":"Active","description":"Active markings.","questions":[{"text":"What are active or smart road markings, and where are they used?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"How do they support automated vehicles?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"learn","name":"Learn","description":"Learning markings.","findings":[{"id":"learn-finding","name":"Learn","description":"Learning.","questions":[{"text":"How can learner drivers study markings for the theory test?","kind":"action"},{"text":"Which resources are official?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Read and interpret road markings to guide a vehicle it is authorized to drive.","Report worn, missing or confusing markings to the road authority."],"mustNot":["Paint, remove or alter road markings without the road authority's authority.","Follow markings that conflict with signs, signals or police instructions over those higher rules.","Ignore a pedestrian crossing or stop line.","Treat temporary works markings and permanent ones as the same."],"requiresHuman":["Opening a road to traffic after markings have been changed."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Markings protect pedestrians and cyclists as well as drivers; a missing line can cost lives.","Automated vehicles must not depend on markings that are worn or absent."],"affectedParties":["Pedestrians and cyclists","Drivers and passengers","Road workers"]},"owners":{"steward":"The road authority responsible for the road.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q13580385","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q7339568","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"road traffic control device","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"geographical marker","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"pedestrian crossing","type":"related","note":"crossings"},{"target":"level crossing","type":"related","note":"markings at crossings"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.road-surface-marking","Wikidata: Q1392287 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1392287)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":[]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["White and yellow lines","Arrows, symbols and words","Signs are vertical, markings are on the surface","Painted or thermoplastic lines and symbols on road surfaces."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain what a marking means here","describe standards for design and materials","support maintenance and reporting","explain new marking technologies"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Worn or confusing markings","Misinterpretation by drivers","Slippery marking materials"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals","National traffic signs manuals","Standards for marking materials and retroreflectivity"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Guiding and regulating traffic on roads.","longitudinal lines such as centre and edge lines","transverse markings such as stop lines and crossings","symbols, arrows and words","raised markers and rumble strips","active and smart markings"]}},"sources":[],"openQuestions":["Should each marking type be a separate entry?","How should national manuals be linked?","How should maintenance data be linked?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q1392287/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q1392287/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-11T19:45:31Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"missing","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"missing"},"notes":{"sources":"Written from model knowledge without web access; claims are unverified."},"score":0.882}}