{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.occitan","code":"thing-q14185","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q14185/","name":"Occitan","alternateNames":["Occitan whistled from Aas","Royasc","Maritime Provençal","Marchois","standard Occitan","North Occitan","Southern Occitan","Auvergnat","Gascon","Occitan dialects","Arverno-Mediterrean","Judeo-Gascon"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.3","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Information and virtual systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"INF","domain":["INF.MED"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A Romance language spoken in southern France, the Aran Valley of Spain and parts of Italy and Monaco, with dialects including Provencal, Languedocien, Gascon, Limousin, Auvergnat and Vivaro-Alpine and transitional varieties such as Royasc and Marchois; Occitan was the language of the medieval troubadours, has a standard form and competing orthographies, is official in the Aran Valley, recognised in Italy and a minority language in France, and is endangered, with unusual forms such as a whistled variety historically used in Aas.","purpose":"Let an agent describe Occitan, its dialects, status and history, relay speaker figures with sources, present orthographic and naming debates with attribution, and point to learning and reference resources.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Troubadour literary heritage","Dialect diversity","Two orthographic traditions","Endangered status"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"identify","name":"Identify","description":"What Occitan is.","layers":[{"id":"definition","name":"Definition","description":"Language and dialects.","findings":[{"id":"definition-finding","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","questions":[{"text":"What is Occitan, and what dialects and varieties exist?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is the question about Occitan, Catalan or a specific dialect?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"status","name":"Status","description":"Status and speakers.","findings":[{"id":"status-finding","name":"Status","description":"Status.","questions":[{"text":"Where is Occitan official or recognised, and how many speak it, with sources and criteria?","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Which sources are cited?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"structure","name":"Structure","description":"Grammar and writing.","layers":[{"id":"grammar","name":"Grammar","description":"Grammar.","findings":[{"id":"grammar-finding","name":"Grammar","description":"Grammar.","questions":[{"text":"What are the main features of Occitan grammar and phonology?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits Romance linguistics?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"orthography","name":"Orthography","description":"Orthographies.","findings":[{"id":"orthography-finding","name":"Orthography","description":"Orthography.","questions":[{"text":"How do the classical and Mistralian orthographies differ, and what debates exist, with positions attributed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the presentation neutral?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History and literature.","layers":[{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History.","findings":[{"id":"history-finding","name":"History","description":"History.","questions":[{"text":"How did Occitan develop from the troubadour era through decline to modern revival movements?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits the troubadours?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"literature","name":"Literature","description":"Literature.","findings":[{"id":"literature-finding","name":"Literature","description":"Literature.","questions":[{"text":"What are the main periods of Occitan literature, including the Felibrige?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"learn","name":"Learn","description":"Learning and revitalisation.","layers":[{"id":"learning","name":"Learning","description":"Learning resources.","findings":[{"id":"learning-finding","name":"Learning","description":"Learning.","questions":[{"text":"Which resources and schools exist for learning Occitan?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits Calandreta schools?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"revitalisation","name":"Revitalisation","description":"Revitalisation.","findings":[{"id":"revitalisation-finding","name":"Revitalisation","description":"Revitalisation.","questions":[{"text":"What revitalisation efforts exist, and how is the language endangered?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits language revitalisation?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Explain Occitan, its dialects and where it is spoken, with sourced figures.","Translate texts, naming the dialect and orthography used.","Point to Occitan language institutions for authoritative usage."],"mustNot":["Present the dialect-versus-language debate as settled.","Mix orthographies without saying so.","Describe Occitan as a patois or lesser speech.","Present unsourced speaker figures."],"requiresHuman":["Publishing official or educational texts in Occitan."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Occitan speakers faced suppression; respect supports revival.","Language data belongs to communities who should consent to its use."],"affectedParties":["Occitan speakers","Learners and teachers"]},"owners":{"steward":"The public: held in common by its speakers, with regional language bodies.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q500394","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q599958","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Occitano-Romance language","type":"related","note":"in registry terms"},{"target":"Gallo-Romance language","type":"related","note":"in registry terms"},{"target":"Catalan language","type":"related","note":"the closest relative"},{"target":"Aran Valley","type":"related","note":"as Aranese"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.occitan","Wikidata: Q14185 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14185)","ISO 639-1: oc","ISO 639-3: oci"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":["speakers: about 100000 to 800000 people - estimates vary widely by criteria"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Romance language of southern France and adjacent areas","Provencal, Gascon, Languedocien and other dialects","Catalan is a closely related but distinct language; French is the dominant language of the region","Not a visible object; written in the Latin alphabet in classical or Mistralian orthography."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["describe the language and dialects","relay status and speaker figures","present debates with attribution","point to learning resources"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Presenting dialect-versus-language debates as settled","Unsourced speaker figures","Confusing orthographies"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Catalan and Aranese language laws for the Aran Valley","Italian law 482/1999 on linguistic minorities","French regional language provisions","Orthographic norms of the Conselh de la Lenga Occitana and Mistralian tradition"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Communication and cultural identity in Occitania.","Provencal including Maritime Provencal","Languedocien","Gascon including Aranese","Limousin, Auvergnat and Vivaro-Alpine, the North Occitan group","transitional varieties such as Royasc and Marchois","standard Occitan","the whistled Occitan of Aas as a historical curiosity"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q14185: Occitan","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14185","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Occitan language","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occitan_language","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should each dialect be a separate entry?","How should census and survey sources be linked?","The registry entry has merged aliases naming dialects and a whistled variety; should they be split off?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q14185/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q14185/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-12T23:49:22Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:51:54+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane INF: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}