{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.evil","code":"thing-q15292","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q15292/","name":"evil","alternateNames":["Radical evil","structural evil"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.4","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Cross-cutting context","entryKind":"thing","plane":"XCT","domain":["XCT.QLT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"Profound immorality or malevolence, discussed in religion, philosophy and ethics in relation to agents, their actions and social systems, including radical evil in Kant's moral philosophy and later in Arendt's thought and structural evil embedded in social systems; natural evil, meaning suffering from disasters without moral agency, is a related theological use outside this sense, while the problem of evil is a related debate about how evil coexists with a good and powerful God; understandings differ across traditions and are presented with attribution and respect.","purpose":"Let an agent explain evil as a moral, philosophical and religious concept, relay major positions from philosophy and religious studies sources with attribution, describe radical and structural evil, and distinguish evil from wrongdoing in general, harm, sin and the problem of evil as a specific debate.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["This sense concerns profound moral wrong rather than suffering from natural events alone.","Religious and secular traditions discuss the concept.","Definitions of evil are contested.","The concept is linked to debates about theodicy."],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"What evil is.","layers":[{"id":"definition","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","findings":[{"id":"definition-finding","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","questions":[{"text":"What is evil, and how does it differ from wrongdoing, harm, sin and the problem of evil?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is the question philosophical, religious, historical or about labelling real people, which the model avoids?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"concepts","name":"Concepts","description":"Named concepts.","findings":[{"id":"concepts-finding","name":"Concepts","description":"Concepts.","questions":[{"text":"What are moral, natural, radical and structural evil?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits the specific concept?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"philosophy","name":"Philosophy","description":"Philosophy.","layers":[{"id":"classic","name":"Classic","description":"Classic positions.","findings":[{"id":"classic-finding","name":"Classic","description":"Classic.","questions":[{"text":"What did Augustine, Kant and Nietzsche argue about evil, with positions attributed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"modern","name":"Modern","description":"Modern positions.","findings":[{"id":"modern-finding","name":"Modern","description":"Modern.","questions":[{"text":"What did Arendt and later philosophers argue about evil after the Holocaust, with positions attributed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which sources are cited?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"religion","name":"Religion","description":"Religion.","layers":[{"id":"traditions","name":"Traditions","description":"Traditions.","findings":[{"id":"traditions-finding","name":"Traditions","description":"Traditions.","questions":[{"text":"How do religious traditions understand evil, presented respectfully?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the presentation balanced?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"theodicy","name":"Theodicy","description":"Problem of evil.","findings":[{"id":"theodicy-finding","name":"Theodicy","description":"Theodicy.","questions":[{"text":"What are the main responses to the problem of evil, with positions attributed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits problem of evil?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"context","name":"Context","description":"Society and culture.","layers":[{"id":"structural","name":"Structural","description":"Structural evil.","findings":[{"id":"structural-finding","name":"Structural","description":"Structural.","questions":[{"text":"What is structural evil, and how is it used in ethics and theology, with positions attributed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits structural violence?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"culture","name":"Culture","description":"Culture.","findings":[{"id":"culture-finding","name":"Culture","description":"Culture.","questions":[{"text":"How is evil portrayed in literature and film?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits villain?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Explain how religions and philosophies understand evil, with attribution to each tradition.","Distinguish moral evil from natural evil."],"mustNot":["Label groups of people, nations or religions as evil.","Present one tradition's view of evil as universally true.","Trivialise atrocities or their victims.","Call a specific person evil as a statement of fact."],"requiresHuman":["Publishing moral judgements about real people or events."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Calling people evil has been used to justify persecution and violence.","Victims of great wrongs deserve that their suffering is described seriously."],"affectedParties":["Victims of atrocities","Groups at risk of demonisation","Believers of many traditions"]},"owners":{"steward":"Nobody owns the concept; it belongs to religious and philosophical traditions.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q3796713","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"immorality","type":"related","note":"in registry terms"},{"target":"problem of evil","type":"related"},{"target":"Hannah Arendt","type":"related","note":"as banality of evil"},{"target":"good","type":"related"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.evil","Wikidata: Q15292 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15292)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":["Kant s radical evil: Religion within the Bounds of Bare Reason, 1793 note","Arendt s banality of evil: 1963 year - Eichmann in Jerusalem","Leibniz s Theodicy: 1710 year"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["This sense denotes profound immorality or malevolence.","Radical evil, structural evil and moral evil are relevant concepts, while natural evil is a distinct theological use.","Wrongdoing can be minor, harm is an outcome, sin is a religious category, and the problem of evil is a theological debate.","Not a visible object; a concept."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain concepts","relay positions with attribution","describe named concepts","distinguish related concepts"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Presenting one tradition s view as universal","Labelling groups of people as evil","Trivialising atrocities"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["No regulation"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Not applicable; a moral concept.","moral evil","natural evil","radical evil","structural or systemic evil","religious concepts of evil and sin","the problem of evil"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q15292: evil","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15292","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Evil","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evil","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should radical evil and structural evil be separate primary entries?","How should philosophy and religious sources be linked?","How should the problem of evil be linked?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q15292/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q15292/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-13T19:22:08Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:26+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane XCT: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}