{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.camera","code":"thing-q15328","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q15328/","name":"camera","alternateNames":[],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.3","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.OBJ"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"An optical device that forms photographic images or videos for recording or transmission by admitting light through a lens or an aperture such as a pinhole onto a light-sensitive surface, including photographic film or an electronic sensor; cameras range from pinhole cameras, phone modules and compact cameras to interchangeable-lens, cinema, scientific and surveillance cameras, and are described by their imaging medium, image-forming optics or aperture, resolution and available controls.","purpose":"Let an agent identify a camera by type and specification, explain how it forms an image and how exposure is controlled, relay standards and legal rules on photography and surveillance in general terms, and separate cameras from lenses, sensors and images.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["A camera forms an image through a lens or a pinhole onto a sensor or film.","Exposure depends on the aperture, exposure duration and sensitivity available in the camera.","Camera type can reflect its body design and lens mount where present.","The camera records metadata with images."],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"identify","name":"Identify","description":"Which camera.","layers":[{"id":"type","name":"Type","description":"Type.","findings":[{"id":"type-finding","name":"Type","description":"Type.","questions":[{"text":"What type of camera is this, and what are its sensor, lens mount and key specifications?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is the question about the camera, the lens, the sensor or the image?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"compare","name":"Compare","description":"Comparison.","findings":[{"id":"compare-finding","name":"Compare","description":"Compare.","questions":[{"text":"How do cameras compare for a stated purpose on measured criteria?","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Which criteria matter to the user?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"work","name":"Work","description":"How it works.","layers":[{"id":"image","name":"Image","description":"Image formation.","findings":[{"id":"image-finding","name":"Image","description":"Image.","questions":[{"text":"How does the lens form an image on the sensor, and what limits resolution and depth of field?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits optics?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"exposure","name":"Exposure","description":"Exposure control.","findings":[{"id":"exposure-finding","name":"Exposure","description":"Exposure.","questions":[{"text":"How do aperture, shutter and sensitivity control exposure, and how are they measured?","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Which standards define sensitivity?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"use","name":"Use","description":"Use and law.","layers":[{"id":"practice","name":"Practice","description":"Practice.","findings":[{"id":"practice-finding","name":"Practice","description":"Practice.","questions":[{"text":"How is a camera operated and maintained, in general terms?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits photography as an activity?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"law","name":"Law","description":"Legal rules.","findings":[{"id":"law-finding","name":"Law","description":"Law.","questions":[{"text":"What rules govern photographing people and places and using surveillance cameras, in general terms?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the user asking for legal advice on a specific case, which needs a lawyer?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"context","name":"Context","description":"History and industry.","layers":[{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History.","findings":[{"id":"history-finding","name":"History","description":"History.","questions":[{"text":"How did cameras develop from the camera obscura to digital and phone cameras?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"industry","name":"Industry","description":"Industry.","findings":[{"id":"industry-finding","name":"Industry","description":"Industry.","questions":[{"text":"How is the camera industry organised, and what standards bodies exist?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits a specific manufacturer?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Operate a camera for the person or organisation that authorized it, within its stated purpose.","Read and report settings, battery and storage status.","Strip location and other metadata from images before sharing when the owner asks."],"mustNot":["Record people in private places such as homes, toilets or changing rooms.","Use a camera to follow or identify a person without consent or legal basis.","Point a camera sensor at the sun or a laser in a way that damages it or the user's eyes.","Share images with embedded location data that reveals where someone lives."],"requiresHuman":["Recording or publishing images of identifiable people.","Handing footage to third parties, including authorities without a lawful request."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Cameras can protect people and can also enable surveillance and harassment.","Images of people are personal data and can expose them to harm."],"affectedParties":["People in the frame","The camera's owner","Children"]},"owners":{"steward":"The person or organisation that owns and operates it; for fixed systems, the data controller of the footage.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q1183543","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q1439598","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q1751850","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q2424752","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"optical instrument","type":"related","note":"the category"},{"target":"image sensor","type":"contains","note":"the recording element"},{"target":"camera lens","type":"related","note":"to form the image"},{"target":"photograph","type":"related","note":"the output"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.camera","Wikidata: Q15328 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15328)","model name and serial number: manufacturer","lens mount: manufacturer standard compatibility"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["sensor size: a few millimetres to full frame 36 by 24 mm - and larger in medium format","resolution: 1-100 and above megapixels - by model","shutter speeds: 1/8000 to 30 s - typical range"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["A camera combines a light-sensitive sensor or film with a lens or pinhole and may include a shutter and controls.","Camera types include pinhole, compact, mirrorless, single-lens reflex, cinema, action and phone modules.","A lens alone, a sensor alone or an image belongs in a separate entry.","A body with a lens, viewfinder or screen, shutter release and controls; or a small module in a phone or device."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["identify type and specifications","explain image formation and exposure","compare cameras for a purpose","relay rules on photography and surveillance in general terms"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Privacy and surveillance misuse","Sensor damage from lasers or sun","Data loss and metadata leakage","Counterfeit accessories and batteries"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["ISO standards for sensitivity, exposure and file formats","Data protection and surveillance law for camera use","Photography restrictions in specific places","Radio and battery regulations for connected cameras"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Capturing still and moving images.","phone cameras","compact and bridge cameras","mirrorless and single-lens reflex cameras","film cameras","cinema and video cameras","scientific, industrial and surveillance cameras"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q15328: camera","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15328","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Camera","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camera","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should each camera type be a separate entry?","How should exposure standards be linked?","How should photography law be represented by country?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q15328/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q15328/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-12T19:51:39Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:26+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}