{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.parietin","code":"thing-q1668551","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q1668551/","name":"parietin","alternateNames":[],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.1.0-research.1","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.MAT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"Parietin, also called physcion, is a yellow-orange anthraquinone pigment with molecular formula C16H12O5, occurring naturally in certain lichens, fungi and plants.","purpose":"Enable an agent to recognize parietin, assess the identity and condition of a sample, and determine which analytical or experimental actions its evidence supports.","scope":{"in":["Parietin identity and reconciliation with the chemical synonym physcion","Purity, concentration, impurities, and provenance of parietin samples","Physical state, solubility, thermal behavior, and storage stability under recorded conditions","Absorption, aggregation, photodegradation, and light-dependent activity","Substance-specific hazards and limits on interpreting experimental applications"],"out":["Taxonomy, anatomy, and overall health of parietin-producing organisms","Whole lichen extracts and their complete chemical composition","Parietin glycosides, derivatives, and other anthraquinones as independently identified substances","Manufacturing equipment and complete extraction or synthesis processes","Finished dye, pharmaceutical, or other formulated products","Clinical treatment decisions and organism-level ecological models"],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Confirm the substituted anthraquinone structure assigned to physcion, rather than identifying parietin solely from yellow-orange color; PubChem describes hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 8, methoxy at 3, and methyl at 6. [PubChem identity](https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Physcion)","Require agreement between a reference standard and complementary analytical evidence; color or a single chromatographic peak cannot reliably distinguish neighboring anthraquinones.","Distinguish free parietin from a glycoside or derivative by establishing the intact molecular structure and recording whether preparation included hydrolysis.","Treat parietin detected in a lichen extract as a constituent; a positive identification does not make the whole extract a pure parietin sample.","Reconcile records labeled physcion with parietin before creating another substance identity; the synonym relationship is explicitly used in lichen research. [Primary study](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12760542/)"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"parietin-identity","name":"Parietin identity","description":"Establish the substance represented by parietin and prevent synonym-driven duplication.","layers":[{"id":"structure-and-synonyms","name":"Structure and synonyms","description":"Resolve names and identifiers to a defined molecular structure.","findings":[{"id":"canonical-parietin-identity","name":"Canonical parietin identity","description":"Record the structure supporting the parietin/physcion mapping and the provenance of each identifier.","questions":[{"text":"Which verified structure and identifiers define parietin, and do records named physcion resolve to that same structure?","id":"canonical-parietin-identity-q01","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Does an existing registry or world-model record already own this chemical identity?","id":"canonical-parietin-identity-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"analytical-discrimination","name":"Analytical discrimination","description":"Separate parietin from co-occurring pigments and chemically modified forms.","findings":[{"id":"identity-evidence","name":"Identity evidence","description":"Specify the combination of reference comparison and structural measurements required for identification.","questions":[{"text":"Which chromatographic, mass-spectrometric, or NMR observations distinguish this sample from related anthraquinones?","id":"identity-evidence-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Could hydrolysis, derivatization, or another preparation step have generated the detected parietin from a different starting constituent?","id":"identity-evidence-q02","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"sample-content-and-origin","name":"Sample content and origin","description":"Represent the actual parietin-bearing material used in a decision or experiment.","layers":[{"id":"origin-and-preparation","name":"Origin and preparation","description":"Connect the sample to a traceable biological, synthetic, or commercial source.","findings":[{"id":"traceable-parietin-batch","name":"Traceable parietin batch","description":"Retain source authentication and preparation history relevant to identity and contamination.","questions":[{"text":"Which organism voucher, supplier lot, or synthesis record establishes the origin of this parietin batch?","id":"traceable-parietin-batch-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which extraction solvents, purification steps, and light exposures could have changed its composition?","id":"traceable-parietin-batch-q02","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"assay-and-co-constituents","name":"Assay and co-constituents","description":"Quantify parietin separately from accompanying material.","findings":[{"id":"usable-parietin-content","name":"Usable parietin content","description":"Distinguish calibrated substance content from chromatographic area percentage and total extract mass.","questions":[{"text":"What is the measured parietin content, on what mass or volume basis, and with what calibration and uncertainty?","id":"usable-parietin-content-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Which co-extracted anthraquinones, residual solvents, or degradation products could confound the intended measurement?","id":"usable-parietin-content-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"physical-state-and-preparation","name":"Physical state and preparation","description":"Determine how parietin exists in the particular solid or liquid environment.","layers":[{"id":"solid-and-thermal-state","name":"Solid and thermal state","description":"Characterize the isolated material and its response to temperature.","findings":[{"id":"thermal-identity-and-integrity","name":"Thermal identity and integrity","description":"Record observed phase transitions and distinguish melting from decomposition.","questions":[{"text":"What solid form and melting or decomposition behavior were measured for the authenticated sample?","id":"thermal-identity-and-integrity-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Is any reported boiling point experimentally established, or would decomposition make that value inapplicable?","id":"thermal-identity-and-integrity-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]},{"id":"solution-and-aggregation","name":"Solution and aggregation","description":"Establish actual dissolved concentration under the intended preparation conditions.","findings":[{"id":"available-dissolved-parietin","name":"Available dissolved parietin","description":"Evaluate solvent, pH, concentration, and dilution effects before assigning a solution dose.","questions":[{"text":"How much parietin remains dissolved at the specified solvent composition, pH, temperature, and equilibration time?","id":"available-dissolved-parietin-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Does transfer into the experimental medium produce aggregates or precipitates that require a revised preparation or concentration measurement?","id":"available-dissolved-parietin-q02","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"light-response-and-persistence","name":"Light response and persistence","description":"Represent parietin's wavelength-dependent behavior and persistence during illumination.","layers":[{"id":"spectral-behavior","name":"Spectral behavior","description":"Connect measured absorption to sample state and the illumination spectrum.","findings":[{"id":"conditioned-optical-signature","name":"Conditioned optical signature","description":"Keep solution spectra, solid pigment behavior, and organism-level screening measurements distinguishable.","questions":[{"text":"What absorption spectrum does authenticated parietin exhibit under the recorded solvent, pH, concentration, and physical state?","id":"conditioned-optical-signature-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"How much of the relevant blue or ultraviolet illumination is attenuated at the measured concentration and path length?","id":"conditioned-optical-signature-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]},{"id":"photochemical-change","name":"Photochemical change","description":"Track intact substance and light-induced effects across exposure.","findings":[{"id":"screening-versus-photoinduced-effects","name":"Screening and photoinduced effects","description":"Assess chemical persistence separately from screening or photosensitizing activity; experimental photosensitization requires its own evidence. [Primary study](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8664885/)","questions":[{"text":"What fraction of intact parietin remains after a defined spectral exposure, and which transformation products are detected?","id":"screening-versus-photoinduced-effects-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Do light-only, solvent, dark, and oxygen-condition controls distinguish screening from parietin-mediated photochemical effects?","id":"screening-versus-photoinduced-effects-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]}]},{"id":"handling-and-use-evidence","name":"Handling and use evidence","description":"Tie decisions about parietin to applicable hazard information and the limits of experimental findings.","layers":[{"id":"hazard-and-storage-basis","name":"Hazard and storage basis","description":"Resolve handling requirements for the actual material, including illumination and solvent conditions.","findings":[{"id":"supported-handling-conditions","name":"Supported handling conditions","description":"Record source, date, jurisdiction, and substance or mixture applicability for hazard and storage statements.","questions":[{"text":"Which current SDS, GHS classifications, and exposure limits explicitly apply to parietin or this preparation, and which remain unavailable?","id":"supported-handling-conditions-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which containment, light protection, temperature, and waste-handling conditions are supported for this sample and intended operation?","id":"supported-handling-conditions-q02","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"application-evidence-boundaries","name":"Application evidence boundaries","description":"Determine what a parietin result permits an agent to conclude or attempt.","findings":[{"id":"context-limited-use-claims","name":"Context-limited use claims","description":"Bind claims to the tested material, biological system, dose, formulation, and illumination conditions.","questions":[{"text":"Was the reported effect demonstrated with purified parietin, a mixed extract, or a formulation, and in which experimental system?","id":"context-limited-use-claims-q01","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"What additional validation or applicable authorization is needed before using that result for the proposed analytical, material, or biological application?","id":"context-limited-use-claims-q02","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"evidence-and-external-alignment","name":"Evidence and external alignment","description":"What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.","layers":[{"id":"reported-evidence","name":"Reported evidence","description":"Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.","findings":[{"id":"evidence-confidence-notes","name":"Check these first","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these check these first hold for the sense of parietin this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-confidence-notes-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-identifiers","name":"Identifiers and schemes","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of parietin this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-identifiers-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-real-world-use","name":"Real-world use","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of parietin this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-real-world-use-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-measurements","name":"Typical measurements","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of parietin this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-measurements-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-neighbours","name":"Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of parietin this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-neighbours-q01","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Identify parietin in a lichen, fungus or extract from analytical data.","Describe it as the yellow-orange pigment of some lichens, citing sources."],"mustNot":["Recommend parietin or lichen extracts as a medicine for a person.","Collect lichens from protected sites or in quantities that damage slow-growing populations.","Label an extract as pure parietin without analysis.","Present early laboratory findings about it as proven clinical effects."],"requiresHuman":["Collecting lichen material from the wild for extraction.","Using it in products for people or animals."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Lichens grow slowly and some are protected, so harvesting has ecological cost.","Overstated health claims mislead consumers."],"affectedParties":["Lichen populations and ecosystems","Consumers","Researchers"]},"owners":{"steward":"The laboratory that holds the sample; wild lichens are held in common and some are protected by law.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Biodiversity and species occurrence databases"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q574302","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.parietin","Wikidata: Q1668551 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1668551)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["Molecular identity and identifiers: Verified structure; parietin/physcion synonym mapping; PubChem CID 10639; source-checked CAS and EC identifiers","Identity confidence: Tentative, reference-matched, or structurally confirmed, with methods and acceptance criteria","Parietin content: Mass fraction %, mg/g, or mol/L, with assay method and dry/as-received basis","Impurity profile: Identified co-extractives, residual solvents, water, and degradation products in % or mg/kg","Sample origin: Linked source organism and voucher, extraction batch, synthesis batch, or supplier lot","Physical and dispersion state: Solid, dissolved, suspended, precipitated, or aggregated; solvent, temperature, and concentration recorded","Solubility and thermal transitions: Solubility in mg/L or mol/L; melting or decomposition temperature in °C, with conditions","Optical response: Absorption wavelength in nm; absorbance or molar absorption coefficient in L mol−1 cm−1; solvent and path length","Light exposure and chemical retention: Wavelength in nm, irradiance in mW/cm², radiant exposure in J/cm², exposure duration, and intact parietin remaining %","Handling evidence status: Source-verified classification, supplier statement, experimental finding, or unresolved; jurisdiction and date"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["A yellow to orange crystalline pigment, often seen as the colour of crusts of certain lichens.","Colour alone does not settle identity; chromatography or spectroscopy does."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["Reconcile parietin and physcion records against molecular identity.","Authenticate and quantify parietin in an isolated sample or mixed extract.","Select preparation conditions from measured solubility and aggregation behavior.","Compare absorption and light stability under explicitly matched conditions.","Evaluate whether an observed screening or biological effect can be attributed to parietin.","Determine supported storage, handling, and experimental-use conditions from sample-specific evidence."]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Overharvesting of slow-growing lichens.","Misidentified extracts sold with unsupported claims."]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS), United Nations."]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Parietin is encountered as a yellow-orange pigment in certain lichens, fungi and plants.","It is studied in natural products chemistry, pigment analysis and research on biological responses to light.","Analytical laboratories may use authenticated parietin samples to help identify the compound in extracts."]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q1668551: parietin","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1668551","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Parietin","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parietin","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Which CAS and EC identifiers are authoritative for this molecular identity, and does a physcion record already provide the catalogue's single source of truth?","Which authenticated measurements establish parietin's solubility, solid forms, melting behavior, and decomposition limits under comparable conditions?","How do pH, solvent composition, aggregation, and oxygen availability alter its absorption, photochemical activity, and degradation pathways?","Which current hazard classifications, exposure limits, and storage recommendations are supported specifically for parietin rather than inferred from related anthraquinones?","Which proposed uses have evidence beyond laboratory assays, and how strongly can observed effects be attributed to parietin rather than co-constituents or formulation?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q1668551/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q1668551/spec.json"],"providers":["Codex"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-12T11:54:33Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:26+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}