{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.volleyball","code":"thing-q1734","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q1734/","name":"volleyball","alternateNames":["snow volleyball","men's volleyball","men's beach volleyball","water volleyball","standing volleyball","para volleyball","sitting volleyball","women's volleyball","women's beach volleyball","College volleyball","9-man","Ecua-volley"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.3","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Activities and processes","entryKind":"thing","plane":"ACT","domain":["ACT.ACT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A team sport in which two teams of six players separated by a net try to ground a ball on the other side of the court by hitting it with hands or arms, invented in 1895 by William Morgan in Massachusetts, governed by the FIVB and played worldwide indoors and as beach volleyball with two-player teams, with variants such as snow volleyball, water volleyball, sitting volleyball in the Paralympics and standing volleyball; volleyball is an Olympic sport for men and women since 1964.","purpose":"Let an agent explain volleyball and its rules, variants and competitions, relay history and governance from official sources, and route current results and rules to the federation.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Three touches per side","Rotation of players","Rally scoring","Indoor and beach forms"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"play","name":"Play","description":"Rules and play.","layers":[{"id":"rules","name":"Rules","description":"Rules.","findings":[{"id":"rules-finding","name":"Rules","description":"Rules.","questions":[{"text":"What are the basic rules, scoring and positions of volleyball?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is the question about indoor, beach or another variant?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"skills","name":"Skills","description":"Skills and tactics.","findings":[{"id":"skills-finding","name":"Skills","description":"Skills.","questions":[{"text":"What are the main skills and tactics, from serving to blocking?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits the specific variant?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"compete","name":"Compete","description":"Competitions.","layers":[{"id":"events","name":"Events","description":"Major competitions.","findings":[{"id":"events-finding","name":"Events","description":"Events.","questions":[{"text":"What are the major competitions, from the Olympics and World Championships to leagues?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Where are current results published?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"para","name":"Para","description":"Para volleyball.","findings":[{"id":"para-finding","name":"Para","description":"Para.","questions":[{"text":"How do sitting and standing volleyball work, and where are they played?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits sitting volleyball?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"govern","name":"Govern","description":"Governance and safety.","layers":[{"id":"governance","name":"Governance","description":"Governance.","findings":[{"id":"governance-finding","name":"Governance","description":"Governance.","questions":[{"text":"How do the FIVB and continental confederations govern the sport?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"health","name":"Health","description":"Injuries and training.","findings":[{"id":"health-finding","name":"Health","description":"Health.","questions":[{"text":"What injuries are common, and what do studies say about prevention?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which sources are cited?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"context","name":"Context","description":"History and culture.","layers":[{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History.","findings":[{"id":"history-finding","name":"History","description":"History.","questions":[{"text":"How did volleyball develop from Morgan invention to a global sport?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits the history of volleyball?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"culture","name":"Culture","description":"Popularity.","findings":[{"id":"culture-finding","name":"Culture","description":"Culture.","questions":[{"text":"Where is volleyball most popular, and how is it followed, with sources?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the question about betting, which the model does not handle?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Explain the rules, positions and scoring from the governing body's rule book.","Keep score, track statistics and publish results for a match it is authorized to record.","Help a coach plan training within safe loads."],"mustNot":["Alter a scoresheet or official record of a match.","Push a player to continue after a head knock or joint injury.","Publish images or data of junior players without guardian consent.","Assist in match-fixing or betting on inside information."],"requiresHuman":["Clearing an injured player to return to play.","Overturning an official's decision."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Jumping and blocking cause ankle, knee and shoulder injuries, especially in young players.","Coaches hold power over young athletes, which can be abused."],"affectedParties":["Players","Young athletes and their families","Referees"]},"owners":{"steward":"The club or federation that organizes play; the international federation sets the rules.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q216048","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q2426135","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q877517","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"team sport","type":"related","note":"in registry terms"},{"target":"ball game","type":"related","note":"in registry terms"},{"target":"FIVB","type":"related","note":"the international federation"},{"target":"Summer Olympic Games","type":"related","note":"since 1964"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.volleyball","Wikidata: Q1734 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1734)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":["court size: 18 by 9 m - indoor","net height men: 2.43 m","net height women: 2.24 m","invention: 1895 year"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Net sport with rallies of touches","Indoor, beach, snow, water, sitting and standing variants","Tennis and badminton use rackets; the registry parent racket sport is a misclassification","Two teams on a court divided by a high net, hitting a ball over it."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain rules and positions","describe variants and competitions","relay history and governance","route current data to official sources"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Stale rules after changes","Confusing variants","Injuries such as ankle sprains","The registry parent racket sport is wrong"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["FIVB Official Volleyball Rules","FIVB Beach Volleyball Rules","World ParaVolley rules for sitting volleyball","Anti-doping rules"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Not applicable; a sport.","indoor six-a-side volleyball","beach volleyball","snow volleyball and water volleyball","sitting volleyball and standing volleyball for athletes with impairments","men and women competitions at club and national level"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q1734: volleyball","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1734","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Volleyball","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volleyball","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should beach volleyball be a separate primary entry?","How should the wrong registry parent be corrected?","The registry entry has merged aliases naming variants and gender divisions; should they be split off?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q1734/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q1734/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-13T00:18:36Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:51:55+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane ACT: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}