{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.promethium","code":"thing-q1809","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q1809/","name":"promethium","alternateNames":["promethium-151","promethium-126","promethium-127","promethium-128","promethium-129","promethium-130","promethium-131","promethium-132","promethium-133","promethium-133m","promethium-134","promethium-134m"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.3","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.MAT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A chemical element with symbol Pm and atomic number 61, a radioactive lanthanide with no stable isotopes, of which promethium-145 is the longest-lived at about 17.7 years and promethium-147 the most used; it occurs naturally only in trace amounts from uranium fission and neodymium-150 decay and is produced in reactors, and it has been used in luminous paint, nuclear batteries and thickness gauges.","purpose":"Let an agent identify promethium and its properties, relay isotopes, production and uses from reference sources, relay radiation safety information, and distinguish it from neighbouring lanthanides.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Promethium has no stable isotopes.","Promethium occurs naturally in the crust only in trace amounts.","Promethium is produced in reactors.","Promethium is named after Prometheus."],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"identify","name":"Identify","description":"What promethium is.","layers":[{"id":"properties","name":"Properties","description":"Properties.","findings":[{"id":"properties-finding","name":"Properties","description":"Properties.","questions":[{"text":"What are the physical and chemical properties of promethium?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is the question about promethium or a neighbouring lanthanide?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"isotopes","name":"Isotopes","description":"Isotopes.","findings":[{"id":"isotopes-finding","name":"Isotopes","description":"Isotopes.","questions":[{"text":"Which isotopes exist, and which are longest-lived or useful?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits the specific isotope?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"source","name":"Source","description":"Occurrence and production.","layers":[{"id":"occurrence","name":"Occurrence","description":"Occurrence.","findings":[{"id":"occurrence-finding","name":"Occurrence","description":"Occurrence.","questions":[{"text":"Why is promethium absent from the crust, and where does it occur in trace amounts?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits nuclear fission?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"production","name":"Production","description":"Production.","findings":[{"id":"production-finding","name":"Production","description":"Production.","questions":[{"text":"How is promethium produced and separated, and who produces it, with sources?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which sources are cited?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"use","name":"Use","description":"Uses and safety.","layers":[{"id":"uses","name":"Uses","description":"Uses.","findings":[{"id":"uses-finding","name":"Uses","description":"Uses.","questions":[{"text":"How has promethium been used in luminous paint, nuclear batteries and gauges?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits betavoltaic device?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"safety","name":"Safety","description":"Radiation safety.","findings":[{"id":"safety-finding","name":"Safety","description":"Safety.","questions":[{"text":"What radiation hazards does promethium present, and what rules apply?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the user asking about a personal exposure, which needs a specialist?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"context","name":"Context","description":"History.","layers":[{"id":"discovery","name":"Discovery","description":"Discovery.","findings":[{"id":"discovery-finding","name":"Discovery","description":"Discovery.","questions":[{"text":"How was promethium predicted, sought and finally identified in 1945, and how was it named?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"teach","name":"Teach","description":"Teaching.","findings":[{"id":"teach-finding","name":"Teach","description":"Teaching.","questions":[{"text":"How is promethium used to teach nuclear stability and the lanthanides?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits the periodic table?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Describe promethium's properties, isotopes and historical uses from reliable sources.","Flag old luminous products or gauges that may contain promethium for checking by a qualified person.","Track promethium sources in an inventory the agent is authorized to keep."],"mustNot":["Handle, open or dismantle a promethium source or a device that contains one.","Assist anyone in obtaining, extracting or concentrating promethium outside licensed use.","Dispose of promethium-bearing items as ordinary waste.","Tell people that legacy luminous items are safe without a measurement by a qualified person."],"requiresHuman":["Moving, transferring or disposing of any promethium source.","Responding to suspected contamination from a damaged source."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Radioactive sources can harm people who do not know they are there, such as scrap workers.","Legacy consumer products can expose owners and collectors without their knowledge."],"affectedParties":["Workers and collectors","Waste and scrap handlers","Nearby residents"]},"owners":{"steward":"The licensed holder of the source, under the national radiation protection regulator.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["National registers of radioactive sources"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q19569","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"lanthanide","type":"related","note":"the series"},{"target":"radioactive element","type":"related","note":"no stable isotopes"},{"target":"neodymium","type":"related","note":"element 60"},{"target":"samarium","type":"related","note":"element 62"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.promethium","Wikidata: Q1809 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1809)","symbol: Pm","CAS: 7440-12-2"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["atomic number: 61 Z","longest-lived isotope: Pm-145, about 17.7 years - half-life","melting point: about 1042 degrees C - estimated","density: about 7.26 g/cm3 - estimated"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Element 61, symbol Pm","Radioactive lanthanide with no stable isotopes","Neodymium and samarium are the stable neighbours","A silvery metal, rarely seen in bulk; its salts glow faintly from radioactivity."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["relay properties and isotopes","explain production and uses","relay radiation safety information","distinguish from other lanthanides"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Radiation exposure","Contamination","Legacy luminous products"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Radiation protection and radioactive source rules","Transport rules for radioactive material","Nuclear material licensing"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Nuclear batteries, luminous sources and research.","isotopes from promethium-126 to promethium-163, all radioactive","promethium-147 as the working isotope","promethium compounds such as the chloride and oxide","promethium in nuclear batteries and luminous paint"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q1809: promethium","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1809","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Promethium","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Promethium","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should isotopes be separate entries?","How should reference data be linked?","The registry entry has merged aliases naming isotopes; should they be split off?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q1809/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q1809/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-12T22:16:24Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:27+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}