{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.magnesium-sulfate-q18212318","code":"thing-q18212318","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q18212318/","name":"magnesium sulfate","alternateNames":[],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.1.0-research.1","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.OBJ"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"Magnesium sulfate is the magnesium salt of sulfate, with anhydrous formula MgSO4, used as medication in anhydrous or hydrated forms and medicinal preparations.","purpose":"Enable an agent to identify magnesium sulfate medication, distinguish its hydration states and medicinal presentations, and report documented quality and safety constraints while reserving clinical decisions for clinicians.","scope":{"in":["Chemical identity concerns the magnesium salt of sulfate, with anhydrous formula MgSO4.","Hydration state distinguishes anhydrous magnesium sulfate from its hydrates in medicinal materials.","Medicinal presentations include solid forms and solutions with documented composition and intended use.","Composition, assay basis, impurities and declared pharmaceutical quality require supporting evidence.","Storage conditions and changes in material condition affect the suitability of medicinal preparations.","Medication safety includes contraindications, adverse effects and the need for clinical oversight."],"out":["Magnesium metal and other magnesium salts are separate substances.","Sulfuric acid, other sulfate salts and sulfite salts are separate substances.","Agricultural, industrial, laboratory and nonmedicinal bathing uses are outside this medication sense.","Clinical diagnosis, dosing, administration protocols and individual treatment decisions are outside this model.","Geological deposits and mineral specimens are independently managed objects."],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Identity evidence must establish magnesium and sulfate in the MgSO4 stoichiometric relationship; appearance or a magnesium-only test cannot establish magnesium sulfate identity.","A hydration designation must distinguish MgSO4 from MgSO4·nH2O; the same mass of different hydrates does not contain the same amount of magnesium sulfate.","The name Epsom salt commonly denotes magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, but a product carrying that name still requires verification of hydration, purity, and additives.","A magnesium sulfate solution requires concentration and solvent information and must not be treated as a mass-equivalent quantity of solid magnesium sulfate.","A grade or medicinal presentation cannot be inferred from chemical identity; independently documented quality and preparation requirements distinguish otherwise similarly named materials."],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"identity-and-hydration","name":"Identity and hydration","description":"Establishes what qualifies as magnesium sulfate and which hydration state is being represented.","layers":[{"id":"salt-identity","name":"Salt identity","description":"Connects the registered substance to evidence for magnesium sulfate composition.","findings":[{"id":"magnesium-sulfate-identity","name":"Magnesium sulfate identity","description":"Record the MgSO4 identity claim separately from evidence that only establishes magnesium, sulfate, or a commercial product name.","questions":[{"text":"What evidence establishes magnesium sulfate identity rather than merely the presence of magnesium or sulfate?","id":"magnesium-sulfate-identity-q01","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Does the supplied identifier denote magnesium sulfate generally, a particular hydrate, or a formulated product?","id":"magnesium-sulfate-identity-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"hydrate-resolution","name":"Hydrate resolution","description":"Resolves chemically bound water and uncertainty about hydration.","findings":[{"id":"declared-and-observed-hydration","name":"Declared and observed hydration","description":"Record the declared hydrate, supporting measurement, and whether mixed phases or additional moisture prevent assignment of a single hydration number.","questions":[{"text":"Which MgSO4·nH2O form is declared, and what evidence supports that hydration number?","id":"declared-and-observed-hydration-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Does the water determination distinguish hydration water from surface moisture or retained solution?","id":"declared-and-observed-hydration-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]}]},{"id":"quantity-and-material-state","name":"Quantity and material state","description":"Makes solid and solution quantities comparable without losing hydration or assay information.","layers":[{"id":"composition-basis","name":"Composition basis","description":"Defines how reported mass, assay, and chemical amount relate.","findings":[{"id":"interpretable-salt-quantity","name":"Interpretable salt quantity","description":"Every quantity conversion requires an explicit substance basis, hydration state, and treatment of purity and moisture.","questions":[{"text":"Is the reported quantity hydrate mass, anhydrous MgSO4 equivalent, or elemental magnesium content?","id":"interpretable-salt-quantity-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Which hydration, assay, and moisture values justify conversion to the requested quantity basis?","id":"interpretable-salt-quantity-q02","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"solid-and-solution-presentation","name":"Solid and solution presentation","description":"Distinguishes physical handling condition from dissolved concentration.","findings":[{"id":"presentation-specific-measurement","name":"Presentation-specific measurement","description":"Record solid condition or solution composition at the level needed for representative sampling and preparation.","questions":[{"text":"Is the material a free-flowing solid, a caked or visibly wet solid, or a solution, and how was that state established?","id":"presentation-specific-measurement-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"For a solution, what solvent, concentration unit, MgSO4 basis, and preparation temperature are recorded?","id":"presentation-specific-measurement-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]}]},{"id":"quality-and-use-qualification","name":"Quality and use qualification","description":"Links magnesium sulfate composition and grade to evidence for a particular application.","layers":[{"id":"lot-quality-evidence","name":"Lot quality evidence","description":"Connects assay and impurity claims to the actual supplied material.","findings":[{"id":"traceable-assay-and-impurities","name":"Traceable assay and impurities","description":"Assess magnesium sulfate assay and named impurities using lot-specific evidence with methods and reporting bases.","questions":[{"text":"Which certificate or analytical report applies to this lot, and on what basis is its magnesium sulfate assay expressed?","id":"traceable-assay-and-impurities-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which impurity measurements and detection limits are available for comparison with the intended-use specification?","id":"traceable-assay-and-impurities-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]},{"id":"application-boundaries","name":"Application boundaries","description":"Separates chemical identity from authorization or suitability for a particular use.","findings":[{"id":"evidence-based-use-match","name":"Evidence-based use match","description":"Represent suitability as a match between documented material properties and explicit application requirements; medicinal preparation and treatment decisions belong to their respective models.","questions":[{"text":"What specification, grade, and preparation requirements must this magnesium sulfate meet for the proposed use?","id":"evidence-based-use-match-q01","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"Does the available evidence establish suitability, establish a mismatch, or leave qualification unresolved?","id":"evidence-based-use-match-q02","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"storage-and-transformations","name":"Storage and transformations","description":"Tracks changes that can alter magnesium sulfate hydration, composition claims, or readiness for use.","layers":[{"id":"moisture-and-thermal-history","name":"Moisture and thermal history","description":"Relates exposure history to the continued validity of hydration and assay declarations.","findings":[{"id":"hydration-status-after-exposure","name":"Hydration status after exposure","description":"Treat hydration after storage or heating as an evidence-dependent state rather than assuming that the original label remains sufficient.","questions":[{"text":"What moisture exposure, temperature history, and container-closure information are available since the last verified composition?","id":"hydration-status-after-exposure-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"What inspection or analysis is needed before relying on the original hydration and assay values?","id":"hydration-status-after-exposure-q02","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"controlled-material-actions","name":"Controlled material actions","description":"Defines the evidence required before dissolution, drying, transfer, or disposal.","findings":[{"id":"transformation-and-handling-readiness","name":"Transformation and handling readiness","description":"Evaluate an action against the actual hydrate or preparation, desired endpoint, possible contamination, and applicable handling documentation.","questions":[{"text":"For dissolution or drying, what final concentration or hydration state is required, and how will completion be verified?","id":"transformation-and-handling-readiness-q01","kind":"action"},{"text":"Which handling and disposal instructions apply to this magnesium sulfate preparation and its known contaminants?","id":"transformation-and-handling-readiness-q02","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"evidence-and-external-alignment","name":"Evidence and external alignment","description":"What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.","layers":[{"id":"reported-evidence","name":"Reported evidence","description":"Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.","findings":[{"id":"evidence-confidence-notes","name":"Check these first","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these check these first hold for the sense of magnesium sulfate this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-confidence-notes-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-kinds","name":"Kinds and varieties","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of magnesium sulfate this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-kinds-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-identifiers","name":"Identifiers and schemes","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of magnesium sulfate this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-identifiers-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-standards-and-regulation","name":"Standards and regulation","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of magnesium sulfate this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-real-world-use","name":"Real-world use","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of magnesium sulfate this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-real-world-use-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-measurements","name":"Typical measurements","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of magnesium sulfate this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-measurements-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards","name":"Failure modes and hazards","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of magnesium sulfate this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-regional-variation","name":"Regional variation","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of magnesium sulfate this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-regional-variation-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-neighbours","name":"Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of magnesium sulfate this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-neighbours-q01","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Describe magnesium sulfate, its hydrates and its medical uses in general terms.","Report grade, purity and storage from labels and safety data sheets."],"mustNot":["Recommend it orally or by injection to a person, or advise a dose.","Present agricultural or bath grade as medicinal grade.","Advise its use as a laxative for children or people with kidney disease."],"requiresHuman":["Any medical use requires a clinician."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Medical uses are life-saving in pregnancy care but dangerous in overdose.","Easy access as bath salts leads to misuse."],"affectedParties":["Patients are affected by medication safety.","Children are particularly affected by inappropriate medical use."]},"owners":{"steward":"The medicinal product supplier or holder is responsible for product quality, and medicines regulators oversee applicable requirements.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q12140","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.magnesium-sulfate-q18212318","Wikidata: Q18212318 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18212318)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["Chemical identity: MgSO4 identity supported, disputed, or unverified","Hydration state: MgSO4·nH2O; record n where established, mixed hydrates, or unknown","Water content: % by mass, with method and distinction between hydration water and other moisture where resolved","Magnesium sulfate assay: % by mass, explicitly stated as received, on a dried basis, or as anhydrous MgSO4 equivalent","Magnesium content: % by mass or g/kg, with analytical or calculation basis","Material presentation: Crystalline solid, powder, caked solid, solution, or component of a formulation","Solution concentration: mol/L, g/L, or mass fraction, with temperature where relevant and explicit MgSO4 or hydrate basis","Declared grade and supporting specification: Link to supplier specification, applicable standard and edition, and lot-specific evidence","Impurity profile: Named analytes in mg/kg or % by mass, with methods, limits, and detection limits","Storage exposure: Documented moisture and temperature exposure, closure condition, or unknown history"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Medicinal magnesium sulfate can appear as colourless or white crystals, powder or a solution, but appearance cannot establish identity or pharmaceutical suitability.","Medicinal presentations require labeling that identifies the preparation and its intended medical use.","Bath or garden salt packaging does not establish suitability for medical use."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["Check identity and hydration claims against labels, specifications, and analytical evidence.","Convert a verified material quantity to magnesium content or anhydrous MgSO4 equivalent using its hydration and assay basis.","Plan dissolution or dilution to a specified concentration after resolving the quantity basis and preparation requirements.","Compare a lot with requirements for a specified use and identify missing evidence or disqualifying impurities.","Assess whether storage exposure or a proposed heating step requires reassessment of hydration and assay.","Select handling, segregation, or disposal actions using the actual preparation, contamination status, and applicable documentation."]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Overdose can cause dangerous magnesium levels, weakness and heart problems.","Risk is higher for people with kidney disease."]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["United States Pharmacopeia monograph on magnesium sulfate, United States Pharmacopeial Convention."]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Medicinal magnesium sulfate is used in clinical care to replace magnesium and to prevent or control seizures associated with eclampsia.","Some oral preparations are used as saline laxatives, with intended use depending on the formulation and route of administration."]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q18212318: magnesium sulfate","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18212318","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Magnesium sulfate (medication)","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnesium_sulfate_%28medication%29","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Does the registry identifier intentionally cover magnesium sulfate across hydration states, or does its originating record specify a particular hydrate?","Which hydrate phases and moisture-dependent or temperature-dependent transitions need explicit representation for the intended applications?","Which analytical methods reliably distinguish hydration water, additional moisture, and mixed hydrate phases in the materials to be managed?","Which current grade specifications and jurisdiction-specific requirements govern the intended laboratory, agricultural, industrial, or pharmaceutical uses?","Which authoritative solubility, thermal-behavior, and handling sources should support quantitative preparation and storage decisions for each represented form?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q18212318/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q18212318/spec.json"],"providers":["Codex"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-12T11:07:21Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T12:16:29+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}