{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.hare-quota","code":"thing-q1839945","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q1839945/","name":"Hare quota","alternateNames":[],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.3","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Cross-cutting context","entryKind":"thing","plane":"XCT","domain":["XCT.QTY"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"An electoral quota used in proportional representation by the largest remainder method and in the single transferable vote, equal to the total valid votes divided by the number of seats, so that a party or candidate reaching the quota is guaranteed a seat; remaining seats are allocated by largest remainders in the largest remainder method, while STV uses vote transfers and candidate eliminations under its applicable rules; named after Thomas Hare, it is contrasted with the smaller Droop quota, which most STV systems now use, and tends to favour smaller parties in largest remainder allocations.","purpose":"Let an agent define the Hare quota, explain its use in largest remainder and STV systems, compare it with the Droop and other quotas, and identify where it is used.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Simplest quota","Favours smaller parties in largest remainder","Named after Thomas Hare","Largely replaced by Droop in STV"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"define","name":"Define","description":"Definition.","layers":[{"id":"definition","name":"Definition","description":"Definition and formula.","findings":[{"id":"definition-finding","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","questions":[{"text":"What is the Hare quota, and how is it computed?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is the question about the Hare quota or another electoral quota?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"comparison","name":"Comparison","description":"Other quotas.","findings":[{"id":"comparison-finding","name":"Comparison","description":"Comparison.","questions":[{"text":"How do the Hare, Droop and Imperiali quotas differ, and what effects do they have?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits the specific quota?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"use","name":"Use","description":"Use in systems.","layers":[{"id":"remainder","name":"Remainder","description":"Largest remainder.","findings":[{"id":"remainder-finding","name":"Remainder","description":"Remainder.","questions":[{"text":"How does the largest remainder method with the Hare quota allocate seats, with a worked example?","kind":"action"},{"text":"Which entry fits largest remainder method?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"stv","name":"STV","description":"Single transferable vote.","findings":[{"id":"stv-finding","name":"STV","description":"STV.","questions":[{"text":"How was the Hare quota used in STV, and why did Droop replace it?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"effects","name":"Effects","description":"Effects and paradoxes.","layers":[{"id":"effects","name":"Effects","description":"Effects on parties.","findings":[{"id":"effects-finding","name":"Effects","description":"Effects.","questions":[{"text":"How does the Hare quota affect small and large parties, as studies show?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which sources are cited?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"paradoxes","name":"Paradoxes","description":"Paradoxes.","findings":[{"id":"paradoxes-finding","name":"Paradoxes","description":"Paradoxes.","questions":[{"text":"What paradoxes affect largest remainder methods?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits apportionment paradox?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"context","name":"Context","description":"History and use.","layers":[{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History.","findings":[{"id":"history-finding","name":"History","description":"History.","questions":[{"text":"How did Thomas Hare propose the quota, and how did it spread?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits Thomas Hare?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"jurisdictions","name":"Jurisdictions","description":"Where used.","findings":[{"id":"jurisdictions-finding","name":"Jurisdictions","description":"Jurisdictions.","questions":[{"text":"Which jurisdictions use the Hare quota today, from official sources?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the information current?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Calculate Hare quotas and seat allocations from official vote counts.","Explain how the quota compares with other quotas and how it affects small parties."],"mustNot":["Publish seat projections as official results.","Recommend a quota to favour a particular party while presenting it as neutral.","Alter or misreport vote counts used in a calculation.","Produce misleading voter messaging about how the counting works."],"requiresHuman":["Certifying any election result.","Advising election authorities on choosing a quota."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["The choice of quota changes who is represented, so it has political consequences.","Trust in elections depends on correct and transparent counting."],"affectedParties":["Voters","Candidates and parties","Election officials"]},"owners":{"steward":"Nobody owns the formula; election authorities answer for its use.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Official election result records"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q51590868","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"number of ballots cast","type":"related","note":"in registry terms, as a derived quantity"},{"target":"largest remainder method","type":"related","note":"for seat allocation"},{"target":"Droop quota","type":"related","note":"the smaller alternative"},{"target":"Thomas Hare","type":"related","note":"the electoral reformer"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.hare-quota","Wikidata: Q1839945 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1839945)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":["formula: valid votes / seats quota"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Votes divided by seats","Largest remainder and STV quota","The Droop quota adds one to the divisor; the Imperiali quota adds two","Not a visible object; a formula in seat allocation."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["define and compute","explain use in electoral systems","compare with other quotas","identify jurisdictions"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Confusing quotas","Paradoxes such as the Alabama paradox in largest remainder methods","Assuming the Hare quota is used in a given STV system"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Electoral laws specifying quotas in countries such as Hong Kong and some Latin American systems","No international standard"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Allocating seats proportionally.","Hare quota in largest remainder systems","Hare quota in single transferable vote","related quotas: Droop, Hagenbach-Bischoff, Imperiali","Hare-Niemeyer method as the German name for largest remainder with Hare quota"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q1839945: Hare quota","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1839945","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Hare quota","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hare_quota","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should largest remainder method be the primary linked entry?","How should electoral law sources be linked?","How should quota naming variations be recorded?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q1839945/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q1839945/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-13T01:30:35Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:27+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane XCT: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}