{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.grey-wolf","code":"thing-q18498","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q18498/","name":"grey wolf","alternateNames":["Canis lupus in Spain","male wolf","she-wolf","canis lupus in France","Black wolf","white wolf","Wolves and moose on Isle Royale","wolves in Great Britain","Basior"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.2","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.LIV"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A large canid native to Eurasia and North America, living in packs with complex social structure, hunting ungulates and other prey, with colour variants such as black and white wolves and regional populations such as those of Spain and France; the grey wolf is the ancestor of the domestic dog, has been persecuted and reintroduced in many areas, and is protected under varying laws.","purpose":"Let an agent describe grey wolf biology and behaviour, present population and legal status by region with sources, give safety and coexistence guidance, and present debates on wolf management neutrally.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Pack-living","Apex predator","Wide range","Protected and managed"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"encounter","name":"Encounter","description":"People and wolves.","layers":[{"id":"safety","name":"Safety","description":"Encounters.","findings":[{"id":"safety-finding","name":"Safety","description":"Encounters.","questions":[{"text":"What do wildlife authorities advise if a wolf is encountered, and how rare are attacks?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is there an immediate safety situation now?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"livestock","name":"Livestock","description":"Protecting livestock.","findings":[{"id":"livestock-finding","name":"Livestock","description":"Livestock.","questions":[{"text":"Which measures such as guard dogs, fencing and shepherding reduce predation, and which compensation exists here?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"How is predation reported?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"biology","name":"Biology","description":"Wolf biology.","layers":[{"id":"behaviour","name":"Behaviour","description":"Packs and hunting.","findings":[{"id":"behaviour-finding","name":"Behaviour","description":"Behaviour.","questions":[{"text":"How do wolf packs form and function, and how do wolves hunt?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"What is known about communication and territory?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"ecology","name":"Ecology","description":"Ecological role.","findings":[{"id":"ecology-finding","name":"Ecology","description":"Ecology.","questions":[{"text":"What ecological effects do wolves have, according to research, and how contested are trophic cascade claims?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"How do wolves relate to dogs and hybrids?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"status","name":"Status","description":"Populations and law.","layers":[{"id":"population","name":"Population","description":"Population status.","findings":[{"id":"population-finding","name":"Population","description":"Population.","questions":[{"text":"What is the wolf population and trend in this country or region, according to monitoring?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Where has the wolf returned or been reintroduced?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"legal","name":"Legal","description":"Legal status.","findings":[{"id":"legal-finding","name":"Legal","description":"Legal status.","questions":[{"text":"What is the legal protection status of wolves here, and how has it changed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which hunting or culling rules apply?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"debate","name":"Debate","description":"Management and culture.","layers":[{"id":"management","name":"Management","description":"Management debates.","findings":[{"id":"management-finding","name":"Management","description":"Debates.","questions":[{"text":"What are the attributed positions of farmers, conservationists, hunters and authorities on wolf management here?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the presentation neutral?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"culture","name":"Culture","description":"Wolves in culture.","findings":[{"id":"culture-finding","name":"Culture","description":"Culture.","questions":[{"text":"How are wolves represented in mythology, folklore and culture?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"How has persecution history shaped attitudes?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Report wolf presence, packs and legal status from wildlife authorities and research.","Help livestock keepers find lawful prevention measures and compensation schemes."],"mustNot":["Help kill, poison or trap wolves outside lawful management.","Publish locations of dens or packs in ways that expose them to poachers.","Spread sensational claims about wolf attacks on people without evidence.","Feed or habituate wild wolves."],"requiresHuman":["Lethal control decisions for a wolf or pack.","Reporting a wolf sighting near people as a public safety matter."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Wolves were driven out of much of their range; their return divides rural and urban communities.","Livestock losses fall on farmers who deserve fair support."],"affectedParties":["Wolves","Livestock keepers","Rural communities"]},"owners":{"steward":"Nobody: wild and protected by law; wildlife authorities manage populations.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Wildlife monitoring databases"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q25324","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Canidae","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"dog","type":"related","note":"domestication"},{"target":"primate","type":"related","note":"another mammal group"},{"target":"livestock","type":"related","note":"coexistence issues"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.grey-wolf","Wikidata: Q18498 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18498)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["Adult body mass: 20-60 kg - Mass varies with sex, population, season and condition, and some adults fall outside this typical range.","Adult head and body length: 100-160 cm - Length is measured from the nose to the base of the tail and varies among populations and individuals.","Adult shoulder height: 60-90 cm - Height is measured from the supporting surface to the shoulder of a standing animal."]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Large canid with pack behaviour","Grey to black or white coat","Coyotes and jackals are smaller; dogs vary widely","A large dog-like canid with grey, brown, black or white coat, long legs and bushy tail."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["describe biology and behaviour","present population and legal status","give coexistence guidance","present management debates neutrally"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Livestock predation","Illegal killing","Sensational reporting of rare attacks"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["EU Habitats Directive and Bern Convention","National wildlife and hunting laws","Livestock compensation schemes"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["A wild canid species.","Eurasian wolf populations","North American wolf populations","colour variants such as black and white wolves","reintroduced populations","wolf-dog hybrids"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q18498: grey wolf","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18498","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Wolf","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolf","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should each regional population be a separate entry?","How should monitoring data be linked?","How should management debates be attributed?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q18498/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q18498/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-11T21:39:36Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:27+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}