{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.curium","code":"thing-q1876","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q1876/","name":"curium","alternateNames":["curium-232","curium-233","curium-234","curium-235","curium-236","curium-237","curium-238","curium-239","curium-240","curium-241","curium-243","curium-245"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.4","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.MAT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A synthetic radioactive actinide element with atomic number 96, symbol Cm, first made in 1944 by Seaborg, James and Ghiorso and named after Marie and Pierre Curie, produced in nuclear reactors by neutron capture in plutonium, with isotopes from curium-232 to curium-252 of which curium-242 and curium-244 are the principal practical isotopes; curium is a strong alpha emitter used in radioisotope power sources and alpha particle X-ray spectrometers on space probes. The model gives public reference information only.","purpose":"Let an agent explain curium and its discovery, relay properties, isotopes and applications from chemistry references at a public level, describe its role in space instruments, and distinguish curium from neighbouring actinides such as americium and berkelium.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Synthetic actinide","Alpha emitter","Named for the Curies","Space instrument use"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"What curium is.","layers":[{"id":"definition","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","findings":[{"id":"definition-finding","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","questions":[{"text":"What is curium, and how does it differ from americium and berkelium?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is the question about public reference facts, or operational detail the model does not give?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"isotopes","name":"Isotopes","description":"Isotopes.","findings":[{"id":"isotopes-finding","name":"Isotopes","description":"Isotopes.","questions":[{"text":"What are the main curium isotopes and their half-lives?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits isotopes of curium?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"science","name":"Science","description":"Chemistry and physics.","layers":[{"id":"properties","name":"Properties","description":"Properties.","findings":[{"id":"properties-finding","name":"Properties","description":"Properties.","questions":[{"text":"What are curium s physical and chemical properties?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"production","name":"Production","description":"Production.","findings":[{"id":"production-finding","name":"Production","description":"Production.","questions":[{"text":"How is curium produced in reactors, at a general level?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which sources are cited?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"applications","name":"Applications","description":"Applications.","layers":[{"id":"space","name":"Space","description":"Space instruments.","findings":[{"id":"space-finding","name":"Space","description":"Space.","questions":[{"text":"How is curium used in alpha particle X-ray spectrometers on Mars rovers?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits alpha particle X-ray spectrometer?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"power","name":"Power","description":"Power sources.","findings":[{"id":"power-finding","name":"Power","description":"Power.","questions":[{"text":"How has curium been considered for radioisotope power?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits radioisotope thermoelectric generator?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"context","name":"Context","description":"History and safety.","layers":[{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History.","findings":[{"id":"history-finding","name":"History","description":"History.","questions":[{"text":"How was curium discovered and named?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits Glenn T. Seaborg?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"safety","name":"Safety","description":"Safety.","findings":[{"id":"safety-finding","name":"Safety","description":"Safety.","questions":[{"text":"What are the radiological hazards and how are they managed, as regulators describe?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits radiation protection?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Explain curium's place in the periodic table, its discovery and its documented uses.","Report isotope half-lives and decay modes from nuclear data references."],"mustNot":["Provide operational detail on handling, separating or acquiring nuclear materials.","Advise anyone on obtaining radioactive material outside the licensing regime.","Understate the radiotoxicity of an alpha emitter if inhaled or ingested.","Treat a sealed source as safe to open, move or dispose of without a licence."],"requiresHuman":["Any physical work with radioactive material, which requires a licensed operator.","Reporting a lost, damaged or orphaned source."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Alpha emitters cause serious internal harm if they enter the body.","Lost or orphaned radioactive sources have injured people who found them."],"affectedParties":["Workers at licensed facilities","People near lost sources","Future generations near waste"]},"owners":{"steward":"The licensed holder of the material; the national nuclear regulator and safeguards authorities oversee it.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["National nuclear material registers","Nuclear data libraries"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q105789","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q19577","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"actinide","type":"related","note":"in registry terms"},{"target":"heavy metal","type":"related","note":"in registry terms"},{"target":"Marie Curie","type":"related","note":"and Pierre Curie"},{"target":"americium","type":"related","note":"element 95"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.curium","Wikidata: Q1876 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1876)","CAS: 7440-51-9 curium","atomic number: 96"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["atomic number: 96 count","longest-lived isotope: curium-247, about 15.6 million years note","discovered: 1944 year - Berkeley","melting point: about 1340 C"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Actinide element 96","Curium-242, curium-244, curium-247 and other isotopes","Americium is element 95; berkelium is 97","A silvery metal that glows in the dark from its radioactivity."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain the element","relay properties and isotopes","describe applications","distinguish related elements"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Radiotoxicity if ingested or inhaled","Agents giving operational detail on nuclear materials","Registry aliases listing many isotopes"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Radiation protection and nuclear material regulations","IUPAC element naming"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Not applicable; a chemical element.","curium isotopes from curium-232 to curium-252","curium compounds such as oxides and halides","curium sources in alpha particle X-ray spectrometers","curium as a reactor by-product"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q1876: curium","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1876","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Curium","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curium","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should the isotopes be a single sub-entry?","How should chemistry references be linked?","The registry entry lists isotope aliases; should they be grouped?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q1876/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q1876/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-13T14:49:35Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:27+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}