{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.pope","code":"thing-q19546","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q19546/","name":"Pope","alternateNames":["19th century popes","Pope emeritus","Illiterate popes"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.3","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Society, people and institutions","entryKind":"thing","plane":"SOC","domain":["SOC.PER"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"The bishop of Rome and head of the Catholic Church, regarded by Catholics as the successor of Saint Peter, who also serves as sovereign of Vatican City State, is elected for life by the College of Cardinals in a conclave, and may resign, as Benedict XVI did in 2013 becoming pope emeritus; the papacy dates from the early Church, has shaped European and world history, and the title is also used by heads of the Coptic and some other churches.","purpose":"Let an agent explain the office of pope, its election, powers and history, relay office holders and Vatican facts from official and reference sources, present Catholic teaching about the papacy and other views with attribution, and distinguish the Roman pope from other churches use of the title.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Successor of Peter in Catholic teaching","Conclave election","Head of state of Vatican City","Historical and global influence"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"office","name":"Office","description":"What the pope is.","layers":[{"id":"definition","name":"Definition","description":"Definition and roles.","findings":[{"id":"definition-finding","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","questions":[{"text":"What is the pope, and what roles does the office combine, as the Church and reference sources describe?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is the question about the Roman pope or the head of another church?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"election","name":"Election","description":"Election and resignation.","findings":[{"id":"election-finding","name":"Election","description":"Election.","questions":[{"text":"How are popes elected in conclave, and how does resignation and the pope emeritus status work?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits papal conclave?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"teaching","name":"Teaching","description":"Teaching and views.","layers":[{"id":"doctrine","name":"Doctrine","description":"Catholic teaching.","findings":[{"id":"doctrine-finding","name":"Doctrine","description":"Doctrine.","questions":[{"text":"What does Catholic teaching say about papal primacy and infallibility, in its own terms?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the presentation attributed?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"views","name":"Views","description":"Other views.","findings":[{"id":"views-finding","name":"Views","description":"Views.","questions":[{"text":"How do Orthodox, Protestant and secular perspectives view the papacy, with positions attributed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the presentation neutral?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"holders","name":"Holders","description":"Popes and history.","layers":[{"id":"current","name":"Current","description":"Current pope.","findings":[{"id":"current-finding","name":"Current","description":"Current.","questions":[{"text":"Who is the current pope, from official sources?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the information current?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History of the papacy.","findings":[{"id":"history-finding","name":"History","description":"History.","questions":[{"text":"How did the papacy develop from the early Church through the medieval period to the modern era, as historians describe?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"state","name":"State","description":"Vatican and diplomacy.","layers":[{"id":"vatican","name":"Vatican","description":"Vatican City.","findings":[{"id":"vatican-finding","name":"Vatican","description":"Vatican.","questions":[{"text":"How does the pope govern Vatican City and the Holy See?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits Vatican City?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"diplomacy","name":"Diplomacy","description":"Diplomacy and travel.","findings":[{"id":"diplomacy-finding","name":"Diplomacy","description":"Diplomacy.","questions":[{"text":"How does the Holy See conduct diplomacy, and how do papal journeys work?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which sources are cited?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Report who holds the office of pope and recent official acts, citing Vatican sources and dates.","Explain the papacy's history, election by conclave and its roles as church head and sovereign.","Describe how other Christian traditions regard papal authority, attributing each view."],"mustNot":["Present Catholic teaching or its critics' views as settled fact.","Attribute statements to a pope without a verifiable source.","Confuse the pope of Rome with heads of other churches who use the same title.","Produce mocking or hateful content about Catholics or the papacy."],"requiresHuman":["Publishing claims about the health, conduct or private life of a living pope.","Speaking for the Church or a pope in any official capacity."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["The pope is a spiritual figure for over a billion people; misrepresentation offends believers and misleads others.","The papacy's historical record includes abuses whose victims deserve accurate, unsoftened accounts."],"affectedParties":["Catholics","Victims of abuse within the Church","Members of other churches"]},"owners":{"steward":"The Catholic Church; the Holy See keeps the official record of popes and their acts.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Annuario Pontificio and Holy See official records"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q105393558","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q1144278","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q116","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q124411806","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q126478197","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q15995642","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"diocesan bishop","type":"related","note":"in registry terms, of Rome"},{"target":"monarch","type":"related","note":"in registry terms, of Vatican City"},{"target":"Catholic Church","type":"related","note":"the institution"},{"target":"College of Cardinals","type":"related","note":"in conclave"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.pope","Wikidata: Q19546 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19546)","regnal name and number: per pope"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":["popes recognised: about 266 count - by official Vatican lists, with numbering conventions","Vatican City area: 0.44 km2"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Bishop of Rome and head of the Catholic Church","Elected for life by conclave","The Coptic pope and other patriarchs are distinct offices","A cleric in white cassock and zucchetto, with papal insignia, resident in Vatican City."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain the office and its election","relay powers and history","relay office holders with sources","present teaching and views with attribution"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Presenting Catholic doctrine or its critics as settled fact","Stale office holder information","Confusing the pope with other church heads","Unsourced claims about living popes"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Code of Canon Law on the Roman Pontiff","Apostolic constitutions on papal election","Lateran Treaty on Vatican City","Fundamental Law of Vatican City State"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Heading the Catholic Church and Vatican City.","popes by period, such as nineteenth-century popes","popes emeritus after resignation","antipopes in disputed elections","historical popes by era and reputation, as recorded by historians","popes of other churches such as the Coptic Orthodox Church"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q19546: Pope","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19546","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Pope","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should papacy and Vatican City be the primary linked entries?","How should Vatican sources be linked?","The registry entry has merged aliases for periods and categories of popes; should they be split off?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q19546/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q19546/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-12T23:35:12Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:51:56+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane SOC: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}