{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.mangrove","code":"thing-q19756","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q19756/","name":"mangrove","alternateNames":["Mangrove Harvested in Lamu"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.3","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.PLC"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A coastal biome of salt-tolerant trees and shrubs growing in the intertidal zone of tropical and subtropical shores, with species such as Rhizophora and Avicennia adapted by prop roots, pneumatophores and salt excretion, forming forests that protect coasts from storms and erosion, nurture fisheries, store large amounts of carbon and support rich wildlife; mangroves have been cleared for aquaculture and development, are harvested for timber and fuel as in Lamu, and are now the focus of conservation and restoration.","purpose":"Let an agent explain mangroves as a biome and the trees that form it, relay ecology, distribution and value from environmental sources, describe threats, use and restoration, and distinguish mangroves from other coastal wetlands.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Intertidal trees","Root adaptations","Coastal protection","Blue carbon"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"What mangroves are.","layers":[{"id":"definition","name":"Definition","description":"Definition and adaptations.","findings":[{"id":"definition-finding","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","questions":[{"text":"What is a mangrove, and how do prop roots, pneumatophores and salt handling let trees live in tidal water?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is the question about the biome, a mangrove species or another coastal wetland?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"distribution","name":"Distribution","description":"Distribution and types.","findings":[{"id":"distribution-finding","name":"Distribution","description":"Distribution.","questions":[{"text":"Where do mangroves grow, and how do fringe, riverine and basin mangroves differ?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits the specific region?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"value","name":"Value","description":"Ecosystem value.","layers":[{"id":"services","name":"Services","description":"Ecosystem services.","findings":[{"id":"services-finding","name":"Services","description":"Services.","questions":[{"text":"How do mangroves protect coasts, support fisheries and store carbon, as research shows?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"wildlife","name":"Wildlife","description":"Wildlife.","findings":[{"id":"wildlife-finding","name":"Wildlife","description":"Wildlife.","questions":[{"text":"What wildlife depends on mangroves, from crabs and fish to birds and tigers?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits mangrove ecology?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"manage","name":"Manage","description":"Threats, use and restoration.","layers":[{"id":"threats","name":"Threats","description":"Threats.","findings":[{"id":"threats-finding","name":"Threats","description":"Threats.","questions":[{"text":"How have aquaculture, development and climate change reduced mangroves, with sources?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which sources are cited?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"restoration","name":"Restoration","description":"Use and restoration.","findings":[{"id":"restoration-finding","name":"Restoration","description":"Restoration.","questions":[{"text":"How are mangroves harvested sustainably, as in Lamu, and restored, and what makes restoration succeed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits mangrove restoration?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"context","name":"Context","description":"People and policy.","layers":[{"id":"people","name":"People","description":"Communities.","findings":[{"id":"people-finding","name":"People","description":"People.","questions":[{"text":"How do coastal communities use and manage mangroves?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits community forestry?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"policy","name":"Policy","description":"Policy and carbon.","findings":[{"id":"policy-finding","name":"Policy","description":"Policy.","questions":[{"text":"How do blue carbon markets and international policy support mangrove conservation, with positions attributed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits blue carbon?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Describe mangrove ecology, species and distribution from scientific sources.","Monitor and map mangrove cover from authorized imagery and report losses.","Explain restoration practice in general terms, including why site and species choice matter."],"mustNot":["Clear, cut or drain mangroves except under a lawful permit.","Promote planting projects at unsuitable sites or with unsuitable species.","Disturb nesting birds, fish nurseries or wildlife in mangroves.","Present carbon credits from mangroves without evidence of real protection."],"requiresHuman":["Approving the clearance or conversion of mangrove areas."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Mangroves protect coasts and the communities behind them from storms.","Clearance for aquaculture and development destroys livelihoods and habitats."],"affectedParties":["Coastal communities","Fishers","Wildlife"]},"owners":{"steward":"The public: often held in common under state or protected-area control.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Protected area databases","National forest and coastal registers"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q101998","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"biome","type":"related","note":"in registry terms"},{"target":"mangrove tree","type":"related","note":"species"},{"target":"coastline","type":"related","note":"from storms and erosion"},{"target":"blue carbon","type":"related","note":"in biomass and sediments"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.mangrove","Wikidata: Q19756 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19756)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["global extent: about 150000 km^2 - estimates","mangrove species: about 80 count","carbon storage per hectare: up to 1000 tonnes - including soils"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Intertidal forest of salt-tolerant trees","Rhizophora, Avicennia, Sonneratia and other mangrove genera; mangrove harvest in Lamu","Salt marshes are herbaceous; swamps are freshwater; seagrass meadows are submerged","Dense coastal forests of trees on stilt roots standing in tidal water."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain the biome and adaptations","relay ecology and value","describe threats and restoration","distinguish from other wetlands"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Clearance for shrimp farms and development","Failed restoration with wrong species or sites","Sea level rise","Confusing mangroves with other wetlands"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Ramsar Convention and national wetland protection","Forestry and harvesting regulations such as in Kenya for Lamu","Blue carbon standards for restoration credits","Aquaculture regulation"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Not applicable; a biome.","fringe, riverine and basin mangroves","mangrove genera such as Rhizophora, Avicennia, Sonneratia and Bruguiera","mangroves by region such as the Sundarbans, Southeast Asia, East Africa including Lamu, and the Americas","harvested and managed mangroves","restored and planted mangroves"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q19756: mangrove","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19756","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Mangrove","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangrove","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should mangrove tree and Sundarbans be separate primary entries?","How should environmental sources be linked?","The registry entry has merged an alias naming a harvested product; should it be split off?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q19756/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q19756/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-13T04:20:51Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:51:56+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}