{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.taberna","code":"thing-q2060938","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q2060938/","name":"taberna","alternateNames":[],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.3","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.BLT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A single-room shop or workshop in ancient Roman architecture, typically opening onto a street through a wide doorway that could be closed with wooden shutters, often with a mezzanine for living or storage above and sometimes with a counter for selling food and drink, built in rows along streets, in the ground floors of insulae and houses, and around forums and markets such as Trajan s Market; tabernae housed retail, crafts and taverns, and the word gave rise to tavern and tabernacle.","purpose":"Let an agent explain the Roman taberna and its forms, relay archaeological and historical evidence from sources on Pompeii, Ostia and Rome, describe its economic and social role, and distinguish the taberna from the later tavern, from the thermopolium and from modern shops.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Street-facing opening","Single room","Mezzanine","Rows in insulae"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"What a taberna is.","layers":[{"id":"definition","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","findings":[{"id":"definition-finding","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","questions":[{"text":"What is a Roman taberna, and how does it differ from a thermopolium, a tavern and a modern shop?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is the question about the Roman building type or the later tavern?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"form","name":"Form","description":"Form and features.","findings":[{"id":"form-finding","name":"Form","description":"Form.","questions":[{"text":"What were the doorway, shutters, mezzanine and counter of a taberna, and how were tabernae arranged in insulae?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits the specific feature?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"evidence","name":"Evidence","description":"Archaeology.","layers":[{"id":"sites","name":"Sites","description":"Sites.","findings":[{"id":"sites-finding","name":"Sites","description":"Sites.","questions":[{"text":"What do Pompeii, Herculaneum, Ostia and Trajan s Market reveal about tabernae, as archaeologists describe?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"texts","name":"Texts","description":"Texts and inscriptions.","findings":[{"id":"texts-finding","name":"Texts","description":"Texts.","questions":[{"text":"What do Roman texts and inscriptions say about tabernae and their keepers?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which sources are cited?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"society","name":"Society","description":"Economy and society.","layers":[{"id":"economy","name":"Economy","description":"Economy.","findings":[{"id":"economy-finding","name":"Economy","description":"Economy.","questions":[{"text":"What role did tabernae play in Roman urban economy and retail?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits the Roman economy?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"people","name":"People","description":"Shopkeepers and customers.","findings":[{"id":"people-finding","name":"People","description":"People.","questions":[{"text":"Who ran and used tabernae, and what was their social status, with interpretations attributed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the presentation attributed?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"context","name":"Context","description":"Legacy.","layers":[{"id":"legacy","name":"Legacy","description":"Legacy.","findings":[{"id":"legacy-finding","name":"Legacy","description":"Legacy.","questions":[{"text":"How did the taberna influence later shops and taverns, and the words tavern and tabernacle?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits tavern?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"visiting","name":"Visiting","description":"Visiting.","findings":[{"id":"visiting-finding","name":"Visiting","description":"Visiting.","questions":[{"text":"Where can tabernae be seen today?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits the specific site?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Describe Roman tabernae and their layout from archaeological sources.","Distinguish a taberna from a thermopolium and from a modern tavern."],"mustNot":["Overinterpret fragmentary remains as certain reconstructions.","Encourage removing artefacts from archaeological sites.","Confuse the Roman taberna with the modern sense of tavern."],"requiresHuman":["Disturbing or excavating remains of a taberna."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Archaeological sites are irreplaceable shared heritage.","Ordinary working lives in Rome deserve accurate representation."],"affectedParties":["Heritage sites","Visitors and students","Archaeologists"]},"owners":{"steward":"The state heritage authority or site owner for surviving remains.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Archaeological site and monument registers"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q3305339","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"building part","type":"related","note":"in registry terms"},{"target":"insula","type":"related","note":"ground floors"},{"target":"Trajan s Market","type":"related","note":"in Rome"},{"target":"tavern","type":"related","note":"as a word and institution"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.taberna","Wikidata: Q2060938 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2060938)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["typical width: about 3-5 m","Trajan s Market tabernae: about 150 count","period: 4th century BCE to late antiquity range"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Roman shop or workshop unit","Tabernae in Pompeii, Ostia and Trajan s Market, with mezzanines and counters","A thermopolium is a food-serving taberna; a tavern is the later word; a domus is a house","A rectangular room open to the street with a wide doorway, shutter grooves and sometimes a masonry counter."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain the building type","relay archaeological evidence","describe economic role","distinguish related terms"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Confusing taberna with tavern in the modern sense","Overinterpreting archaeological remains","Confusing with thermopolium"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Heritage protection of Roman archaeological sites","No current regulation"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Historically, retail, craft and hospitality in Roman cities.","retail tabernae","craft workshops","food and drink tabernae including thermopolia and popinae","tabernae in insulae and behind house facades","tabernae in markets and forums","tabernae argentariae of bankers"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q2060938: taberna","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2060938","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Taberna","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taberna","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should thermopolium and insula be separate primary entries?","How should archaeological sources be linked?","How should regional variants be recorded?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q2060938/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q2060938/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-13T06:04:02Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:51:56+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}