{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.funerary-art","code":"thing-q2083647","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q2083647/","name":"funerary art","alternateNames":["grave sculpture","funerary sculpture","tumba"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.2","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.BLT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"Art created for or associated with tombs, graves and the commemoration of the dead, including grave sculpture and effigies, carved tomb chests and sarcophagi, funerary reliefs, stelae and inscriptions, mosaics and paintings in tombs, and monuments such as the Spanish tumba, across cultures from ancient Egypt, Greece and Rome to medieval, Renaissance and modern cemeteries; funerary art expresses beliefs about death and status and is a major source for art history and archaeology.","purpose":"Let an agent explain funerary art and its forms across cultures with attribution, describe its study in art history and archaeology, identify notable works with sources, and support heritage and visiting questions.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Commemorative purpose","Belief expression","Status display","Cross-cultural tradition"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"What funerary art is.","layers":[{"id":"forms","name":"Forms","description":"Forms.","findings":[{"id":"forms-finding","name":"Forms","description":"Forms.","questions":[{"text":"What forms does funerary art take, from tomb painting and sarcophagi to effigies, stelae and cemetery sculpture?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which tradition or period is meant?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"meaning","name":"Meaning","description":"Meaning and beliefs.","findings":[{"id":"meaning-finding","name":"Meaning","description":"Meaning.","questions":[{"text":"How does funerary art express beliefs about death, memory and status across cultures, in their own terms?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the presentation respectful and attributed?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"study","name":"Study","description":"Study and notable works.","layers":[{"id":"notable","name":"Notable","description":"Notable works.","findings":[{"id":"notable-finding","name":"Notable","description":"Notable.","questions":[{"text":"Which funerary artworks are notable, and where can they be seen?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits a specific work?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"methods","name":"Methods","description":"Methods of study.","findings":[{"id":"methods-finding","name":"Methods","description":"Methods.","questions":[{"text":"How do art historians and archaeologists study funerary art and what it reveals?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits archaeology?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"protect","name":"Protect","description":"Heritage and ethics.","layers":[{"id":"protection","name":"Protection","description":"Protection.","findings":[{"id":"protection-finding","name":"Protection","description":"Protection.","questions":[{"text":"How are tombs and funerary art protected from looting and decay?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits antiquities law?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"ethics","name":"Ethics","description":"Museum ethics.","findings":[{"id":"ethics-finding","name":"Ethics","description":"Ethics.","questions":[{"text":"What ethical debates surround displaying grave goods and human remains, with positions attributed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the presentation neutral?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"learn","name":"Learn","description":"History and teaching.","layers":[{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History.","findings":[{"id":"history-finding","name":"History","description":"History.","questions":[{"text":"How has funerary art developed from prehistory to modern cemeteries?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"teach","name":"Teach","description":"Teaching.","findings":[{"id":"teach-finding","name":"Teach","description":"Teaching.","questions":[{"text":"How can funerary art be taught respectfully?","kind":"action"},{"text":"Which misconceptions arise?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Describe and catalogue funerary art from museum and heritage records.","Explain the beliefs and customs a piece of funerary art expresses, citing scholarship."],"mustNot":["Help remove, sell or export funerary objects taken from graves without lawful provenance.","Disturb graves or tombs to examine funerary art.","Display or describe human remains associated with funerary art in a disrespectful way.","Ignore the wishes of descendant communities about how their ancestors' grave goods are shown."],"requiresHuman":["Decisions on repatriation, display or reburial of funerary objects."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Funerary art belongs to the memory of the dead; looting it wrongs their descendants.","Many museum collections hold grave goods taken without consent from colonised peoples."],"affectedParties":["Descendant communities","Families of the dead","Heritage institutions"]},"owners":{"steward":"The owner of the burial site or the holding museum, under heritage law.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["National heritage and monument registers","Museum collection catalogues"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q56055312","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"sepulchral monument","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"funerary structure","type":"related","note":"buildings housing funerary art"},{"target":"Pieta","type":"related","note":"a subject used in funerary monuments"},{"target":"art history","type":"related","note":"the discipline studying it"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.funerary-art","Wikidata: Q2083647 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2083647)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["Overall height:  m - Measure the vertical extent of the individual work and record whether its base or architectural setting is included.","Maximum width:  m - Measure the greatest horizontal extent of the individual work using a method appropriate to its condition and accessibility.","Mass:  kg - Determine mass by weighing movable works when conservation permits or estimate it from documented volume and material density."]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Art associated with tombs and commemoration","Sculpture, relief, painting, inscription","A funerary structure is the building; a memorial may not mark a burial","Sculptures, reliefs, effigies, stelae and painted tombs."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain forms across cultures","describe scholarly study","identify notable works","support heritage questions"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Looting and illicit trade","Disrespectful presentation","Decay and vandalism"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Heritage protection for tombs and cemeteries","Antiquities law against looting","Museum ethics for human remains and grave goods"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Art for tombs and commemoration of the dead.","ancient tomb painting and sculpture","sarcophagi and tomb chests","effigies and grave sculpture","stelae and inscriptions","modern cemetery sculpture"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q2083647: funerary art","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2083647","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Funerary art","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funerary_art","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should each tradition be a separate entry?","How should museum collections be linked?","How should cemetery registers be linked?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q2083647/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q2083647/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-12T04:34:36Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:28+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}