{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.r-1830-twin-wasp","code":"thing-q2092558","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q2092558/","name":"R-1830 Twin Wasp","alternateNames":["R-1830-1 Twin Wasp","R-1830-11 Twin Wasp","R-1830-13 Twin Wasp","R-1830-17 Twin Wasp","R-1830-25 Twin Wasp","R-1830-33 Twin Wasp","R-1830-35 Twin Wasp","R-1830-43 Twin Wasp","R-1830-41 Twin Wasp","R-1830-65 Twin Wasp","R-1830-49 Twin Wasp","R-1830-75 Twin Wasp"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.4","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.OBJ"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"An American fourteen-cylinder, two-row air-cooled radial aircraft engine developed by Pratt and Whitney, first run in 1931, displacing 1,830 cubic inches, about 30 litres, and produced in greater numbers than any other aviation piston engine, with well over 170,000 built, powering aircraft such as the Douglas DC-3 and C-47, the Consolidated B-24 Liberator and PBY Catalina; the registry aliases name specific variants such as the R-1830-1, -11, -13, -17, -25 and -33, which differ in superchargers and ratings and are instances, and the registry classification as a living thing is an error. Surviving engines are maintained in historic aircraft under airworthiness rules.","purpose":"Let an agent explain the R-1830 Twin Wasp, relay design, history, variants and aircraft applications from aviation history and engineering sources, flag variant instances and the misclassification, and distinguish it from the R-985 Wasp Junior, R-1340 Wasp, R-2800 Double Wasp and Wright R-1820 Cyclone.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Two-row radial","Mass production record","Air-cooled","DC-3 and B-24 power"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"What the Twin Wasp is.","layers":[{"id":"definition","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","findings":[{"id":"definition-finding","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","questions":[{"text":"What is the R-1830 Twin Wasp, and how does it differ from the Wasp Junior, Wasp, Double Wasp and Wright Cyclone?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is the question about history, restoration or engineering?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"variants","name":"Variants","description":"Named variants.","findings":[{"id":"variants-finding","name":"Variants","description":"Variants.","questions":[{"text":"How do variants such as R-1830-13 and -33 differ?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits the specific variant?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"engineering","name":"Engineering","description":"Design.","layers":[{"id":"radial","name":"Radial design","description":"Two-row radial.","findings":[{"id":"radial-finding","name":"Radial design","description":"Radial design.","questions":[{"text":"Why did two-row radials suit large aircraft?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"supercharging","name":"Supercharging","description":"Superchargers.","findings":[{"id":"supercharging-finding","name":"Supercharging","description":"Supercharging.","questions":[{"text":"How did superchargers and turbochargers affect altitude performance?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which sources are cited?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History.","layers":[{"id":"production","name":"Production","description":"Wartime production.","findings":[{"id":"production-finding","name":"Production","description":"Production.","questions":[{"text":"How was the Twin Wasp mass-produced during the Second World War?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits Pratt and Whitney?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"aircraft","name":"Aircraft","description":"Aircraft applications.","findings":[{"id":"aircraft-finding","name":"Aircraft","description":"Aircraft.","questions":[{"text":"Which aircraft used the Twin Wasp, such as the DC-3, B-24 and PBY?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits Consolidated B-24 Liberator?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"context","name":"Context","description":"Preservation.","layers":[{"id":"warbirds","name":"Warbirds","description":"Historic aircraft.","findings":[{"id":"warbirds-finding","name":"Warbirds","description":"Warbirds.","questions":[{"text":"How are Twin Wasps maintained in flying historic aircraft?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the information current?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"data","name":"Data quality","description":"Classification errors.","findings":[{"id":"data-finding","name":"Data quality","description":"Data quality.","questions":[{"text":"How should misclassified registry entries be corrected?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits aircraft engine?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Describe the R-1830 engine, its history and the aircraft it powered.","Report condition and maintenance records of a preserved engine for its owner."],"mustNot":["Run or service a vintage engine outside the maintenance manual and airworthiness rules.","Treat individual variants or serial engines as separate kinds of thing.","Classify the engine as a living thing in data or catalogues.","Approve an engine for flight without a licensed engineer's sign-off."],"requiresHuman":["Certifying any engine as airworthy."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Vintage aircraft engines carry real risk to crews and spectators when poorly maintained."],"affectedParties":["Pilots and crews","Spectators at air shows","Maintenance workers"]},"owners":{"steward":"The owner or operator of each engine; aviation authorities oversee airworthiness.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Civil aircraft registers"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q2107998","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q7853893","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"aircraft engine","type":"related","note":"related"},{"target":"Pratt and Whitney","type":"related"},{"target":"Douglas DC-3","type":"related"},{"target":"Wright R-1820 Cyclone","type":"related"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.r-1830-twin-wasp","Wikidata: Q2092558 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2092558)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["cylinders: 14 count - two rows","displacement: 1,830 cubic inches - about 30 litres","first run: 1931 year"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Pratt and Whitney two-row radial engine","R-1830-1, R-1830-11, R-1830-13, R-1830-17, R-1830-25, R-1830-33 Twin Wasp","The R-985 and R-1340 are single-row Wasps; the R-2800 is an 18-cylinder Double Wasp; the Wright R-1820 is a single-row rival","A two-row radial engine with fourteen finned cylinders arranged around a crankcase."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain design and history","relay variants","describe aircraft applications","flag misclassification"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Treating variants as kinds","Misclassification as living thing","Maintenance hazards on vintage engines"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["FAA type certificates and airworthiness rules for historic engines"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Powering piston aircraft.","single-stage supercharged variants","two-stage supercharged variants","turbocharged B-24 installations","licence and export variants"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q2092558: R-1830 Twin Wasp","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2092558","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Pratt & Whitney R-1830 Twin Wasp","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pratt_%26_Whitney_R-1830_Twin_Wasp","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["The registry classification of this engine as a living thing should be corrected","The registry aliases for specific variants should be split off as instances","How should aviation museum sources be linked?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q2092558/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q2092558/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-14T00:33:07Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-08T18:40:45+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}