{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.mail-item","code":"thing-q2106340","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q2106340/","name":"mail item","alternateNames":["Small parcel","Postwurfsendung","birth announcement card","death announcement","Bücherzettel","Letter Pack and Smart Letter","Third-class mail for Japan Post","parcel post","snail mail","media mail","Postgut","Warensendung"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.4","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Information and virtual systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"INF","domain":["INF.MED"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"Any individual item sent through a postal system, such as a letter, postcard, printed matter or small parcel, including personal items such as birth announcement cards and death announcements, unaddressed household mail such as the German Postwurfsendung, and national postal products such as Japan Post s Letter Pack and Smart Letter; mail items are classified by size, weight and service under Universal Postal Union and national rules, and dangerous goods are restricted. The registry alias Buecherzettel could not be verified.","purpose":"Let an agent explain mail items, relay classifications, sizes, services and prohibited items from UPU and postal operator sources, describe the named items and products, and distinguish mail items from courier consignments, freight, electronic mail and the postal system itself.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Postal handling","Size and weight classes","Postage paid","Restricted contents"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"What a mail item is.","layers":[{"id":"definition","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","findings":[{"id":"definition-finding","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","questions":[{"text":"What is a mail item, and how does it differ from courier shipments, freight, email and the postal system?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is the question about sending, receiving, a lost item or a specific product?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"named","name":"Named items","description":"Named items and products.","findings":[{"id":"named-finding","name":"Named items","description":"Named items.","questions":[{"text":"What are small parcels, Postwurfsendungen, announcement cards, Letter Pack and Smart Letter?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits the specific item?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"rules","name":"Rules","description":"Rules.","layers":[{"id":"classes","name":"Classes","description":"Size and weight classes.","findings":[{"id":"classes-finding","name":"Classes","description":"Classes.","questions":[{"text":"How do postal operators classify items by size, weight and service?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"prohibited","name":"Prohibited","description":"Prohibited items.","findings":[{"id":"prohibited-finding","name":"Prohibited","description":"Prohibited.","questions":[{"text":"What items are prohibited or restricted in the mail?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which sources are cited?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"practice","name":"Practice","description":"Practice.","layers":[{"id":"tracking","name":"Tracking","description":"Tracking and claims.","findings":[{"id":"tracking-finding","name":"Tracking","description":"Tracking.","questions":[{"text":"How do tracking, registration and claims for lost items work?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits registered mail?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"unaddressed","name":"Unaddressed","description":"Unaddressed mail.","findings":[{"id":"unaddressed-finding","name":"Unaddressed","description":"Unaddressed.","questions":[{"text":"How can residents opt out of unaddressed advertising mail?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits junk mail?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"context","name":"Context","description":"Culture and history.","layers":[{"id":"customs","name":"Customs","description":"Social customs.","findings":[{"id":"customs-finding","name":"Customs","description":"Customs.","questions":[{"text":"How are birth and death announcements sent in different cultures?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits obituary?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History.","findings":[{"id":"history-finding","name":"History","description":"History.","questions":[{"text":"How did the Penny Black and UPU standardise mail?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits Penny Black?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Explain kinds of mail items, sizes and services, citing postal operator and UPU sources.","Track a mail item for its sender or addressee using the reference they provide.","Tell a sender which items are prohibited or restricted in the post, at policy level."],"mustNot":["Open, read, divert or destroy a mail item addressed to someone else.","Help send prohibited or dangerous items through the post or disguise their contents.","Disclose who sends mail to whom without a lawful basis.","Impersonate a postal operator in messages about parcels or fees."],"requiresHuman":["Redirecting or holding mail for a person who has not confirmed the request.","Handling a suspicious package, which must be referred to the authorities."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["The secrecy of correspondence is a long-standing legal right.","Fake delivery notices are a common route for fraud against the public."],"affectedParties":["Senders and addressees","Postal workers","Elderly recipients targeted by scams"]},"owners":{"steward":"The sender until delivery, then the addressee; the postal operator holds it in transit.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q2449671","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q8205328","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"transportable goods","type":"related","note":"in registry terms"},{"target":"postal service","type":"related"},{"target":"Universal Postal Union","type":"related","note":"internationally"},{"target":"email","type":"related"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.mail-item","Wikidata: Q2106340 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2106340)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":["UPU letter post weight limit: 2 kg - international letter post, generally","Universal Postal Union founded: 1874 year","registry parents: transportable goods, artificial physical object note"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Item handled by a postal service","Small parcel, Postwurfsendung, birth announcement card, death announcement, Letter Pack, Smart Letter","Courier shipments use private networks; freight is larger; email is electronic; the postal system is the network","Envelopes, cards, flats and small packages with addresses and postage."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain classifications","relay services and restrictions","describe named items and products","distinguish related shipments"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Sending prohibited or dangerous goods","Assuming service rules are the same in all countries","Unverified alias Buecherzettel"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["UPU Convention and Letter Post Regulations","National postal laws","Dangerous goods restrictions in mail"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Carrying messages and goods by post.","letters and postcards","flats and printed matter","small packets and parcels","unaddressed mail","registered and tracked items","announcement cards"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q2106340: mail item","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2106340","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia (de): Postsendung","url":"https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postsendung","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should postal products be separate entries?","How should UPU and operator sources be linked?","The registry alias Buecherzettel could not be identified and should be reviewed"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q2106340/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q2106340/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-13T19:53:27Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-08T19:09:51+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane INF: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}