{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.semantic-relation","code":"thing-q2268906","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q2268906/","name":"semantic relation","alternateNames":["inclusion relation","similarity-based relation","containment-based relation","direction-based relation","SKOS generic mapping relation"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.1","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Cross-cutting context","entryKind":"thing","plane":"XCT","domain":["XCT.REL"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A relation between meanings of words, concepts or entities, such as synonymy, hyponymy (is-a), meronymy (part-of), similarity and mapping relations used in thesauri, ontologies and knowledge graphs, including SKOS mapping relations.","purpose":"Let an agent handle semantic relations by type, direction, formal properties and use in vocabularies and knowledge graphs.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Relates meanings","Directional or symmetric","May be transitive","Used in machine-readable vocabularies"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"type","name":"Type","description":"Which relation.","layers":[{"id":"kind","name":"Kind","description":"Is-a, part-of.","findings":[{"id":"kind-finding","name":"Kind","description":"Relation type.","questions":[{"text":"Which semantic relation holds between the two concepts?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is it at word or concept level?","kind":"definition"}]}]},{"id":"direction","name":"Direction","description":"Broader or narrower.","findings":[{"id":"direction-finding","name":"Direction","description":"Direction.","questions":[{"text":"In which direction does the relation run?","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"Is it symmetric?","kind":"definition"}]}]}]},{"id":"logic","name":"Logic","description":"Formal properties.","layers":[{"id":"properties","name":"Properties","description":"Transitivity.","findings":[{"id":"properties-finding","name":"Properties","description":"Formal properties.","questions":[{"text":"Is the relation transitive, symmetric or reflexive?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"What inferences follow?","kind":"definition"}]}]},{"id":"consistency","name":"Consistency","description":"Checks.","findings":[{"id":"consistency-finding","name":"Consistency","description":"Consistency.","questions":[{"text":"Does the relation create cycles or contradictions?","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"How is that checked?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"mapping","name":"Mapping","description":"Between vocabularies.","layers":[{"id":"match","name":"Match","description":"Exact or close.","findings":[{"id":"match-finding","name":"Match","description":"Mapping strength.","questions":[{"text":"Is this an exact, close, broad or narrow match?","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"Who reviewed it?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"standard","name":"Standard","description":"SKOS.","findings":[{"id":"standard-finding","name":"Standard","description":"Standards.","questions":[{"text":"Which SKOS or OWL property expresses it?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is it used consistently?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"use","name":"Use","description":"Applications.","layers":[{"id":"search","name":"Search","description":"Query expansion.","findings":[{"id":"search-finding","name":"Search","description":"Search.","questions":[{"text":"How can the relation improve search?","kind":"action"},{"text":"Could it introduce errors?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"language","name":"Language","description":"Words.","findings":[{"id":"language-finding","name":"Language","description":"Lexical relations.","questions":[{"text":"Does the relation hold across languages?","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"Which lexical database records it?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Record and query semantic relations in vocabularies and ontologies the agent is authorized to edit.","Explain the difference between synonymy, hyponymy and meronymy with examples."],"mustNot":["Assert an is-a or part-of relation that sources do not support.","Treat closely related terms as exact synonyms when merging datasets.","Encode offensive or stigmatising relations between groups of people.","Overwrite curated relations in a shared vocabulary without review."],"requiresHuman":["Changing relations in a shared ontology others depend on."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Wrong relations spread through linked data and search results.","Classifications of people can embed prejudice."],"affectedParties":["Users of linked data","People and groups being classified"]},"owners":{"steward":"Nobody: the concept is held in common; curators answer for each vocabulary.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q130901","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"binary relation","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"part (meronymy)","type":"related","note":"kind"},{"target":"thesaurus and ontology","type":"related","note":"applications"},{"target":"SKOS and OWL","type":"related","note":"standards"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.semantic-relation","Wikidata: Q2268906 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2268906)","SKOS property URI: skos:broader, skos:exactMatch mapping properties"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":[]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Relation labels such as broader, narrower, part of","SKOS properties such as exactMatch","Word-level relations such as synonymy","Links between terms in thesauri, ontologies and graphs."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["classify a relation between concepts","map vocabularies with SKOS","check direction and transitivity","use relations for search and reasoning"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Confusing is-a with part-of","Asserting exact matches that are only close","Wrong direction of broader and narrower"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["W3C SKOS","W3C OWL","ISO 25964 thesauri"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Organising meaning in dictionaries, thesauri, ontologies and search.","synonymy and antonymy","hyponymy and hypernymy","meronymy (part-whole)","similarity and association","mapping relations such as SKOS exactMatch"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q2268906: semantic relation","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2268906","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Lexical semantics","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lexical_semantics","note":"Meaning relations between lexical items, including hypernymy, hyponymy, meronymy and holonymy."}],"openQuestions":["Should each relation be a separate entry?","How should registry relations map to SKOS?","How should relation strength be recorded?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q2268906/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q2268906/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-11T07:58:54Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T12:51:16+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane XCT: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}