{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.sunnah","code":"thing-q234764","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q234764/","name":"Sunnah","alternateNames":[],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.1.0-research.1","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Information and virtual systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"INF","domain":["INF.KNW"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"Sunnah, in this literary sense, is the body of literature reporting Muhammad's deeds and sayings, including accounts of his tacit approvals and personal attributes, whose transmission, authenticity and interpretation are assessed within differing Islamic scholarly traditions.","purpose":"Enable an AI agent to recognise literature on Muhammad's deeds and sayings, assess its attribution, transmission and interpretation, and select justified retrieval, comparison, citation or presentation actions.","scope":{"in":["Criteria identifying a report, work or corpus as literature on Muhammad's deeds and sayings.","Reported speech, deeds, tacit approvals and personal attributes as subjects of the literature.","Relationships among reports, compilations, textual versions, translations and citations.","Transmission evidence and attributed scholarly assessments of authenticity.","Tradition-specific interpretation, reception and disagreements concerning the literature."],"out":["The Quran as a separately modelled scripture.","Individual hadith reports as independently catalogued transmission objects.","Complete systems of Islamic jurisprudence and their legal rulings.","Biographical identity records for religious figures and transmitters, while relevant biographical literature remains in scope.","Religious communities, schools, and institutions as organisational entities.","Individual worship events and personal compliance records.","Normative practice and religious authority as independent senses of Sunnah."],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["The referent is literature reporting Muhammad's deeds and sayings, rather than a practice or a juristic classification of an act as recommended.","A report's inclusion in the literature does not by itself establish its authenticity or normative authority.","A customary practice is not itself part of this literary corpus, although a textual account connecting it to Muhammad may be.","A legal ruling derived from the literature remains distinguishable from the reports and interpretations used to support it.","The model identifies whose assessment of a report or collection is represented rather than treating one community's assessment as universal."],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"sunnah-meaning-and-boundaries","name":"Sunnah meaning and boundaries","description":"Identifies what the Sunnah claim denotes and the interpretive setting in which it is made.","layers":[{"id":"intended-sense","name":"Intended sense","description":"Establishes the meaning of the term in the claim under review.","findings":[{"id":"sense-of-sunnah","name":"Sense of Sunnah","description":"Record the intended meaning and any ambiguity that changes how the claim should be assessed.","questions":[{"text":"Does Sunnah here name an authoritative example, a transmitted practice, or the recommended status of an act?","id":"sense-of-sunnah-q01","kind":"definition"},{"text":"What surrounding wording or explicit definition establishes that sense?","id":"sense-of-sunnah-q02","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"tradition-and-claim-boundary","name":"Tradition and claim boundary","description":"Locates the claim within a named tradition and separates it from adjacent concepts.","findings":[{"id":"represented-understanding","name":"Represented understanding","description":"Record whose understanding is represented and exactly which example or practice is being claimed.","questions":[{"text":"Which community, school, scholar, or source identifies this example as Sunnah?","id":"represented-understanding-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which parts of the description are the claimed Sunnah, and which are accompanying custom, commentary, or legal inference?","id":"represented-understanding-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"example-and-transmission","name":"Example and transmission","description":"Connects the claimed Sunnah to its attributed exemplar and surviving evidence.","layers":[{"id":"attributed-example","name":"Attributed example","description":"Specifies the conduct or expression from which the claim arises.","findings":[{"id":"example-content","name":"Example content","description":"Record what was reportedly said, done, approved, or practised, with relevant circumstances.","questions":[{"text":"What precise speech, action, approval, or practice is attributed to which exemplar?","id":"example-content-q01","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which details come directly from the evidence, and which were supplied by a later interpreter?","id":"example-content-q02","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"supporting-witnesses","name":"Supporting witnesses","description":"Identifies accessible evidence and meaningful differences among its forms.","findings":[{"id":"evidence-path","name":"Evidence path","description":"Record identifiable supporting witnesses and their relationships without assuming that repetition provides independent corroboration.","questions":[{"text":"Which inspectable reports, passages, or accounts of transmitted practice support this attribution?","id":"evidence-path-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Do the witnesses differ in wording, conduct, circumstances, or transmission history in ways that affect the Sunnah claim?","id":"evidence-path-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"evidential-standing","name":"Evidential standing","description":"Represents assessments of the attribution and the limits of agreement about it.","layers":[{"id":"attribution-evaluation","name":"Attribution evaluation","description":"Keeps assessments attached to their precise evidential targets and methods.","findings":[{"id":"qualified-assessment","name":"Qualified assessment","description":"Record an assessor's conclusion, rationale, and whether it concerns a particular report, transmission route, or broader practice.","questions":[{"text":"Who accepted, qualified, or rejected the attribution, and what reasons did they give?","id":"qualified-assessment-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Does that assessment apply to this exact witness or to a different version or broader claim?","id":"qualified-assessment-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"disagreement-and-gaps","name":"Disagreement and gaps","description":"Captures competing assessments and missing evidence that constrain confident description.","findings":[{"id":"bounded-confidence","name":"Bounded confidence","description":"State what the inspected evidence supports and which disagreements remain unresolved.","questions":[{"text":"Which consulted authorities disagree, and is the disagreement about attribution, evidential method, or the content being attributed?","id":"bounded-confidence-q01","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"What additional source or assessment must be inspected before the agent can strengthen its description?","id":"bounded-confidence-q02","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"normative-interpretation","name":"Normative interpretation","description":"Records the reasoning that connects an attributed example to its claimed religious significance.","layers":[{"id":"example-to-guidance","name":"Example to guidance","description":"Makes the inference from reported example to normative guidance explicit.","findings":[{"id":"normative-inference","name":"Normative inference","description":"Record why an interpreter treats the example as guidance and what force they assign to it.","questions":[{"text":"What reasoning treats this example as religious guidance rather than personal habit or a circumstance-specific act?","id":"normative-inference-q01","kind":"definition"},{"text":"What normative classification does the named interpreter assign, and where is that reasoning documented?","id":"normative-inference-q02","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"related-evidence-and-readings","name":"Related evidence and readings","description":"Records how the interpretation handles other relevant evidence and alternative readings.","findings":[{"id":"interpretive-reconciliation","name":"Interpretive reconciliation","description":"Preserve stated restrictions, reconciliations, or claims of supersession together with their evidential basis.","questions":[{"text":"Which other scriptural passages, reports, or practices are used to explain or limit this interpretation?","id":"interpretive-reconciliation-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Are differing examples understood as permitted variation, contextual differences, contradiction, or supersession, and by whom?","id":"interpretive-reconciliation-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"situated-application","name":"Situated application","description":"Determines how a qualified Sunnah claim may inform a concrete situation.","layers":[{"id":"applicability-conditions","name":"Applicability conditions","description":"Identifies the circumstances and interpretive choices relevant to proposed enactment.","findings":[{"id":"context-match","name":"Context match","description":"Record the conditions under which the named interpretation regards the practice as applicable.","questions":[{"text":"Which actor, purpose, circumstances, prerequisites, or exceptions determine whether this interpretation applies?","id":"context-match-q01","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"Does the interpretation require the reported form itself, its stated purpose, or both, and what evidence supports that distinction?","id":"context-match-q02","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"agent-response","name":"Agent response","description":"Connects evidential and interpretive limits to the response an agent can responsibly provide.","findings":[{"id":"qualified-use","name":"Qualified use","description":"Specify whether the available record supports description, comparison, conditional guidance, or referral for further judgment.","questions":[{"text":"What can the agent explain or suggest while accurately naming the tradition, evidence, and unresolved qualifications?","id":"qualified-use-q01","kind":"action"},{"text":"Which unresolved contextual or interpretive issue requires further research or consultation before giving an application-specific answer?","id":"qualified-use-q02","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"evidence-and-external-alignment","name":"Evidence and external alignment","description":"What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.","layers":[{"id":"reported-evidence","name":"Reported evidence","description":"Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.","findings":[{"id":"evidence-kinds","name":"Kinds and varieties","description":"Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of Sunnah this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-kinds-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-identifiers","name":"Identifiers and schemes","description":"Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of Sunnah this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-identifiers-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-standards-and-regulation","name":"Standards and regulation","description":"Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of Sunnah this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-real-world-use","name":"Real-world use","description":"Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of Sunnah this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-real-world-use-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-measurements","name":"Typical measurements","description":"Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of Sunnah this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-measurements-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards","name":"Failure modes and hazards","description":"Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of Sunnah this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-regional-variation","name":"Regional variation","description":"Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of Sunnah this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-regional-variation-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-neighbours","name":"Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart","description":"Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of Sunnah this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-neighbours-q01","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Describe literature on Muhammad's deeds and sayings, including its transmission, interpretation and reception in Islamic law and practice, with recognised sources.","Quote hadith collections with their source and grading where available.","Present differences between schools of thought fairly."],"mustNot":["Fabricate hadith or attribute sayings to the Prophet without a source.","Issue religious rulings in the agent's own voice.","Mock or disparage the Prophet, the Sunnah or Muslims.","Present one school's interpretation as the only valid one."],"requiresHuman":["Giving religious guidance on a person's specific situation, which belongs to qualified scholars."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["The Sunnah is sacred to Muslims, and fabricated attributions mislead believers.","Selective quotation has been used to justify violence or prejudice."],"affectedParties":["Muslims","Religious scholars","People subject to religious rulings"]},"owners":{"steward":"Nobody owns it; Muslim communities and their scholars hold the tradition.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q2640329","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.sunnah","Wikidata: Q234764 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234764)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":["Intended sense of Sunnah: Normative example; inherited practice; recommended-act classification; another explicitly defined sense; unresolved","Attributed exemplar: Named person or authoritative example, with the attributing tradition and its stated basis","Expression of the example: Speech; action; reported approval; transmitted practice; combination; disputed","Evidence basis: Identifiable reports, textual passages, accounts of practice, and scholarly assessments supporting or challenging the claim","Attribution assessment: Unassessed; accepted by a named assessor; qualified; disputed; rejected by a named assessor","Normative force: Recorded classification under a named interpretive framework; disputed; unspecified","Application conditions: Relevant actors, circumstances, purposes, prerequisites, exceptions, and exclusions","Interpretive agreement: Not assessed; agreement within a specified set of authorities; disagreement within a tradition; disagreement across traditions"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Cited through hadith reports with chains of narrators.","Collected in compilations such as those of al-Bukhari and Muslim."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["Disambiguate a use of the word Sunnah before interpreting its implications.","Trace a claimed practice to inspectable evidence and named assessments.","Compare interpretations while preserving their traditions, premises, and disagreements.","Separate confidence in attribution from confidence in normative interpretation.","Assess whether stated application conditions match a proposed situation.","Produce a qualified explanation or refer an unresolved application question to an appropriate religious authority."]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Attributing an unsupported report to the Prophet can spread religious misinformation.","Equating every reported action with a universal obligation can misrepresent scholarly interpretation.","Presenting one tradition's assessment as unanimous can distort religious differences and contribute to exclusion."]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":[]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["The Sunnah is encountered in Islamic scholarship, worship, ethics and discussions of religious law.","Reports of the Prophet Muhammad's words and actions provide evidence used in identifying and interpreting this normative practice.","Assessment depends on the identified tradition, the standing of the reports and their interpretation."]}},"sources":[{"title":"Sunnah","url":"https://www.britannica.com/topic/Sunnah","note":"Core definition as Muhammad's example; role as second source of law; distinction from Qur'an"},{"title":"Q 5:32","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234869","note":"Wikidata identifier Q234869; aliases; related items for hadith and fiqh"},{"title":"Sunnah and Hadith","url":"https://oxfordre.com/religion/view/10.1093/acrefore/9780199340378.001.0001/acrefore-9780199340378-e-686","note":"Scholarly distinction of kinds (qawliyyah, fi'liyyah, taqririyyah); sunnah vs hadith as vehicle vs content; living practice of Medina"},{"title":"The Origins of Muhammadan Jurisprudence","url":"https://www.britannica.com/topic/hadith","note":"Legal status of sunnah in usul al-fiqh; mu'akkadah/ghayr mu'akkadah; regional school differences"},{"title":"Wikidata item Q234764: Sunnah","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234764","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Sunnah","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunnah","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Does the registry intend Sunnah primarily as normative example, transmitted practice, a juristic classification, or all these senses within one model?","Which traditions must the model represent, and how does each delimit the exemplars and evidence authoritative for Sunnah?","How should continuity of communal practice be assessed when its evidential role differs from that of individually transmitted reports?","Which tradition-specific assessment terms can be compared without implying equivalence between distinct methods?","Where should this model hand an application question to a jurisprudence or religious-authority model rather than treating it as settled by attribution alone?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q234764/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q234764/spec.json"],"providers":["Codex","Grok"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-07T14:11:01Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"not-applicable","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T12:16:31+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 3 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane INF: no invented physical properties.","interaction.interfaces":"No universal technical standard or civil regulation establishes the authenticity or normative authority of Sunnah across Islamic traditions."},"score":1.0}}