{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.dyak","code":"thing-q2418068","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q2418068/","name":"dyak","alternateNames":["duma diak"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.1.0-research.1","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Society, people and institutions","entryKind":"thing","plane":"SOC","domain":["SOC.PER"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A dyak was a literate administrative official in medieval and early modern Russia who prepared and authenticated official documents and could hold senior responsibilities in government offices.","purpose":"Enable an agent to identify a historically attested dyak role, establish its institutional authority, and assess which administrative acts its holder could perform.","scope":{"in":["Historically situated uses of the title dyak and its transliterations","Attachment to a chancery, governing office, or ecclesiastical administration","Appointment, service relationship, tenure, and institutional standing","Documentary duties, delegated powers, and limits of authority","Evidence connecting a role holder to particular administrative acts"],"out":["The complete biography of a person who served as a dyak","The full structure and history of a prikaz or other employing institution","Deacons, parish readers, and singers when the title denotes a religious function rather than administrative service","The complete content and legal interpretation of documents handled by a dyak","Modern clerical occupations and their qualification or licensing systems"],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Require evidence of an administrative sense in a dated institutional context; the spelling dyak alone is insufficient.","Distinguish the dyak role from its individual holder, the office employing that holder, and the records produced there.","Check the original title before equating dyak with podyachy, a generic scribe, or a translated 'secretary'; translation alone does not establish identical standing.","Do not infer religious ordination from service in an ecclesiastical administration; administrative and singing uses require separate interpretation, as documented in the [Orthodox Encyclopedia entry](https://www.pravenc.ru/text/180757.html).","Treat modifiers such as dumny as evidence requiring a more specific interpretation, without assigning that standing to every dyak."],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"title-and-historical-sense","name":"Title and historical sense","description":"Establish what dyak means in the particular record being assessed.","layers":[{"id":"attested-wording","name":"Attested wording","description":"Preserve the title before normalizing or translating it.","findings":[{"id":"title-form-and-modifiers","name":"Title form and modifiers","description":"Record the original wording and distinguish source language from an editor's or translator's occupational label.","questions":[{"text":"What exact title and modifiers appear in the record?","id":"title-form-and-modifiers-q01","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is 'dyak' present in the original evidence or supplied by a later translator or historian?","id":"title-form-and-modifiers-q02","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"sense-boundaries","name":"Sense boundaries","description":"Resolve administrative usage against neighboring titles and religious functions.","findings":[{"id":"administrative-sense-test","name":"Administrative sense test","description":"Use duties, institution, and date to justify inclusion instead of relying on lexical similarity.","questions":[{"text":"What evidence identifies chancery or administrative service rather than a liturgical or singing function?","id":"administrative-sense-test-q01","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"Does the source distinguish this title from podyachy, deacon, or another locally relevant clerical title?","id":"administrative-sense-test-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"office-and-standing","name":"Office and standing","description":"Locate the dyak within a particular institution and hierarchy.","layers":[{"id":"institutional-location","name":"Institutional location","description":"Identify the administrative setting and business served.","findings":[{"id":"attached-office","name":"Attached office","description":"Connect the role to a named institution without treating that institution as part of the person's identity.","questions":[{"text":"Which chancery, prikaz, court, or ecclesiastical administration employed this dyak at the relevant date?","id":"attached-office-q01","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which record supports this attachment, and does it identify a permanent office or a particular assignment?","id":"attached-office-q02","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"hierarchical-position","name":"Hierarchical position","description":"Establish relative standing and supervisory relationships.","findings":[{"id":"rank-versus-assignment","name":"Rank versus assignment","description":"Keep title, institutional appointment, and any additional standing distinct unless evidence connects them.","questions":[{"text":"Does the evidence use dyak as a title, a rank, an office assignment, or a combination in this context?","id":"rank-versus-assignment-q01","kind":"definition"},{"text":"To whom did this dyak report, and which staff, if any, came under the holder's supervision?","id":"rank-versus-assignment-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"documentary-work-and-authority","name":"Documentary work and authority","description":"Describe the documentary operations and delegated powers supported for this role.","layers":[{"id":"documentary-operations","name":"Documentary operations","description":"Identify the holder's contribution to the production and handling of records.","findings":[{"id":"document-contribution","name":"Document contribution","description":"Attribute specific work separately from the broader institutional act documented.","questions":[{"text":"Did this dyak draft, copy, register, authenticate, report on, or supervise the document, and what supports that attribution?","id":"document-contribution-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Does a name, signature, or endorsement establish authorship, checking, authentication, or another function in this documentary practice?","id":"document-contribution-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"delegated-remit","name":"Delegated remit","description":"Establish the business and acts covered by the appointment.","findings":[{"id":"authority-limits","name":"Authority limits","description":"Represent powers as institutionally and temporally bounded claims supported by evidence.","questions":[{"text":"What subjects, territory, and kinds of administrative act fall within this dyak's attested remit?","id":"authority-limits-q01","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"For the act under review, could the holder proceed independently, or was another official's approval required?","id":"authority-limits-q02","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"service-and-attestation","name":"Service and attestation","description":"Track the evidence for entry into service, capability, tenure, and departure.","layers":[{"id":"entry-and-capability","name":"Entry and capability","description":"Record how the holder entered service and what competence the evidence demonstrates.","findings":[{"id":"appointment-and-preparation","name":"Appointment and preparation","description":"Separate attested appointment conditions and demonstrated documentary competence from inferred training.","questions":[{"text":"Who appointed or engaged this dyak, and what source records the service relationship?","id":"appointment-and-preparation-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"What evidence demonstrates the literacy, documentary knowledge, or other competence required for this assignment?","id":"appointment-and-preparation-q02","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"tenure-and-transition","name":"Tenure and transition","description":"Bound officeholding and preserve uncertainty between surviving attestations.","findings":[{"id":"supported-service-interval","name":"Supported service interval","description":"Distinguish dated mentions from explicit appointment, transfer, or departure records.","questions":[{"text":"What are the earliest and latest supported dates for this holder's service in this particular office?","id":"supported-service-interval-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Does evidence establish continuous tenure, or should the agent retain separate attestations and an uncertain interval?","id":"supported-service-interval-q02","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"evidence-and-external-alignment","name":"Evidence and external alignment","description":"What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.","layers":[{"id":"reported-evidence","name":"Reported evidence","description":"Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.","findings":[{"id":"evidence-confidence-notes","name":"Check these first","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these check these first hold for the sense of dyak this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-confidence-notes-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-real-world-use","name":"Real-world use","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of dyak this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-real-world-use-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards","name":"Failure modes and hazards","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of dyak this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-regional-variation","name":"Regional variation","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of dyak this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-regional-variation-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-neighbours","name":"Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of dyak this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-neighbours-q01","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Describe the office of dyak and its place in Russian administration from historical sources.","Transcribe and catalogue documents prepared by dyaks for archives that hold them."],"mustNot":["Attribute a document to a named dyak without evidence from the record.","Present modern ranks or offices as equivalent to the dyak without explaining the differences.","Alter, sell or remove archival documents from the institutions that hold them."],"requiresHuman":["Publishing archival material that may be fragile or restricted."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Accurate history of officials and their acts matters to how people understand their past.","Archival documents are irreplaceable heritage."],"affectedParties":["Historians and readers","Archives","Descendants of named officials"]},"owners":{"steward":"Nobody: a historical office; archives answer for the documents dyaks produced.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q572700","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.dyak","Wikidata: Q2418068 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2418068)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":["Attested title: Original spelling, transliteration, translated label, and any title modifier","Historical applicability: Date or date interval, calendar convention, and uncertainty","Institutional attachment: Named chancery, prikaz, court, ecclesiastical administration, or unresolved institution","Service authority: Appointing authority, supervising official, and evidence of appointment or delegation","Administrative remit: Source-attested business areas, territorial reach, and exclusions","Documentary capacity: Attested drafting, copying, registration, authentication, reporting, supervision, or other specified function","Appointment status: Attested in office, appointment recorded, departure recorded, disputed, or unknown, as of a stated date","Evidence standing: Explicit contemporary title, contemporary functional evidence, retrospective attribution, conflicting evidence, or unresolved"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":[]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["Classify an attested title as an administrative dyak role or flag an unresolved sense.","Link a holder to a specific office and supported period of service.","Assess whether a documented act falls within an attested remit.","Distinguish document preparation, authentication, reporting, and decision authority.","Compare dyak appointments across institutions while preserving differences in period and standing.","Identify missing evidence before attributing a title, power, or uninterrupted tenure."]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Confusion with similarly named ranks, such as podyachy or deacon, leads to errors in research.","Misattributed signatures can distort the history of decisions."]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":[]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["The dyak role is encountered in records of medieval and early modern Russian administration, particularly in government offices responsible for documents and official business.","Identifying a dyak helps historians interpret how records were prepared, authenticated and administered within a particular institution."]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q2418068: dyak","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2418068","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Diak (clerk)","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diak_%28clerk%29","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Does vr.tr.dyak specifically denote the Russian administrative title дьяк, or another historical sense of dyak?","Which periods and institutional variants should this registry entry encompass, particularly ecclesiastical administrative uses?","How should dumny dyak and other modified titles relate to this entry and any existing registered roles?","Which contemporary records establish appointment practices, competence requirements, remuneration, and authority limits for each included setting?","Does an existing Vercy world model already cover this role, requiring a registry link instead of a separate publication?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q2418068/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q2418068/spec.json"],"providers":["Codex"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-12T09:21:18Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"not-applicable","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"not-applicable","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:29+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane SOC: no invented physical properties.","interaction.interfaces":"No single standard, law or official classification applies across this historical occupation without specifying its period and institution.","interaction.recognition":"An administrative occupation cannot be identified reliably from appearance because its identity depends on documented appointment and responsibilities."},"score":1.0}}