{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.b-e-type-star","code":"thing-q25352882","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q25352882/","name":"B[e]-type star","alternateNames":[],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.2","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.SPC"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A hot B-type star showing forbidden emission lines in its spectrum together with a strong infrared excess from surrounding dust, indicating a dense circumstellar environment; the B[e] phenomenon occurs in stars of different evolutionary states, including supergiants, pre-main-sequence stars and symbiotic binaries, so the class is defined by spectral features rather than a single evolutionary stage.","purpose":"Let an agent explain the B[e] phenomenon and its subclasses, describe how such stars are identified and studied, and present current interpretations with attribution.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["B-type spectrum","Forbidden emission lines","Circumstellar dust","Heterogeneous class"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"define","name":"Define","description":"The B[e] phenomenon.","layers":[{"id":"features","name":"Features","description":"Defining features.","findings":[{"id":"features-finding","name":"Features","description":"Features.","questions":[{"text":"Which spectral features define a B[e] star, and how are they observed?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"How does it differ from a classical Be star?","kind":"definition"}]}]},{"id":"environment","name":"Environment","description":"Circumstellar matter.","findings":[{"id":"environment-finding","name":"Environment","description":"Circumstellar matter.","questions":[{"text":"What kind of disc or envelope produces the forbidden lines and infrared excess?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"How is it modelled?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"classes","name":"Classes","description":"Subclasses.","layers":[{"id":"subclass","name":"Subclass","description":"Which subclass.","findings":[{"id":"subclass-finding","name":"Subclass","description":"Subclass.","questions":[{"text":"Is this star a B[e] supergiant, pre-main-sequence object, symbiotic binary or unclassified?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which criteria decide?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"supergiants","name":"Supergiants","description":"B[e] supergiants.","findings":[{"id":"supergiants-finding","name":"Supergiants","description":"Supergiants.","questions":[{"text":"What is known about B[e] supergiants and their mass loss?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Where are they found?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"science","name":"Science","description":"Interpretation.","layers":[{"id":"models","name":"Models","description":"Proposed explanations.","findings":[{"id":"models-finding","name":"Models","description":"Explanations.","questions":[{"text":"Which explanations, such as binarity or rapid rotation, are proposed for the B[e] phenomenon, and by whom?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Where do they disagree?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"observations","name":"Observations","description":"Key observations.","findings":[{"id":"observations-finding","name":"Observations","description":"Observations.","questions":[{"text":"What have interferometry and spectroscopy revealed about specific B[e] stars?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which are best studied?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"data","name":"Data","description":"Resources.","layers":[{"id":"catalogues","name":"Catalogues","description":"Where to find them.","findings":[{"id":"catalogues-finding","name":"Catalogues","description":"Catalogues.","questions":[{"text":"Which catalogues list B[e] stars?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"How can spectra be accessed?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"explain","name":"Explain","description":"Plain language.","findings":[{"id":"explain-finding","name":"Explain","description":"Plain explanation.","questions":[{"text":"How can B[e] stars be explained simply and accurately?","kind":"action"},{"text":"Which caveats apply?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Explain the B[e] phenomenon and the types of star in which it appears.","Report catalogued B[e] stars with their sources and classification status."],"mustNot":["Present a tentative classification as settled.","Invent stellar parameters for objects that have not been measured."],"requiresHuman":["Publishing a new classification of a star as B[e]."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Accurate catalogues let researchers build on each other's work."],"affectedParties":["Astronomers","Students and readers"]},"owners":{"steward":"Nobody owns the stars; astronomical catalogues record them.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Astronomical object databases"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q14745279","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q72803622","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"B-type star","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"emission-line star","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"FK Comae Berenices variable","type":"related","note":"other peculiar stars"},{"target":"celestial body","type":"related","note":"broader class"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.b-e-type-star","Wikidata: Q25352882 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25352882)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["Effective temperature:  kelvin - Temperature is estimated by fitting stellar atmosphere models to spectra while accounting for circumstellar emission.","Luminosity:  watt - Luminosity is inferred from integrated radiation, distance and extinction corrections and varies across evolutionary subclasses.","Forbidden emission line equivalent width:  nanometre - Equivalent width is measured relative to the local spectral continuum for an identified forbidden transition.","Infrared excess flux density:  jansky - Infrared excess is measured as flux density above the estimated stellar photospheric contribution at a specified wavelength."]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Forbidden emission lines","Strong infrared excess","Classical Be stars lack forbidden lines and strong dust excess","Not visible as such; hot blue stars with emission lines and infrared excess in spectra."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain the defining spectral features","describe subclasses by evolutionary state","summarise interpretations with attribution","find catalogues and data"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Confusing with classical Be stars","Presenting a single origin for a heterogeneous class"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["No regulation; classification conventions in the literature"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Stellar astrophysics of hot stars with circumstellar matter.","B[e] supergiants","pre-main-sequence B[e] stars","compact planetary nebula B[e] stars","symbiotic B[e] stars","unclassified B[e] stars"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q25352882: B[e]-type star","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25352882","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: B(e) star","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%28e%29_star","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should each subclass be a separate entry?","How should catalogues be linked?","How should interpretations be attributed?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q25352882/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q25352882/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-11T19:52:27Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:29+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}