{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.patent","code":"thing-q253623","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q253623/","name":"patent","alternateNames":["European Patent","patent in Belgium","chemical patent","German Imperial Patent","United States patent","Unitary patent","design patent","essential patent","biological patent","software patent","biological patent in the United States"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.5","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Information and virtual systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"INF","domain":["INF.MED"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A legal right granted by a state or regional authority to an inventor or assignee to exclude others from making, using, offering for sale, selling or importing an invention as defined by its claims, for a limited time (usually 20 years from filing for invention patents), in exchange for public disclosure; it does not itself authorise the holder to practise the invention.","purpose":"Let an agent explain patents, how they are granted, searched and enforced, and point to patent office databases, without legal advice.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Patents are territorial; the PCT allows one international application, but grants are national or regional.","The European Patent Office grants European patents; the Unitary Patent took effect on 1 June 2023.","Design patents (US) and utility models are related but different rights."],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"patent","name":"Patent","description":"Which patent.","layers":[{"id":"identity","name":"Identity","description":"Number.","findings":[{"id":"patent","name":"Patent","description":"Number and kind code.","questions":[{"text":"Which patent?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which office?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"family","name":"Family","description":"Related documents.","findings":[{"id":"family","name":"Family","description":"Members.","questions":[{"text":"Which family members?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Per which database?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"content","name":"Content","description":"Invention.","layers":[{"id":"claims","name":"Claims","description":"Scope.","findings":[{"id":"claims","name":"Claims","description":"Independent claims.","questions":[{"text":"What do the claims cover?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"In which version?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"classification","name":"Classification","description":"IPC and CPC.","findings":[{"id":"classification","name":"Classification","description":"Codes.","questions":[{"text":"Which classification codes?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Per which office?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"status","name":"Status","description":"Legal status.","layers":[{"id":"status","name":"Status","description":"In force.","findings":[{"id":"status","name":"Status","description":"Status and date.","questions":[{"text":"Is it in force?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Per which register?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"term","name":"Term","description":"Expiry.","findings":[{"id":"expiry","name":"Expiry","description":"Date.","questions":[{"text":"When does it expire?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Including extensions?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"process","name":"Process","description":"Prosecution.","layers":[{"id":"application","name":"Application","description":"Filing.","findings":[{"id":"filing","name":"Filing","description":"Date and route.","questions":[{"text":"When and how was it filed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"National, regional or PCT?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"opposition","name":"Opposition","description":"Challenges.","findings":[{"id":"challenge","name":"Challenge","description":"Proceeding.","questions":[{"text":"Were there oppositions?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"With which outcome?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["explain the system and search public databases"],"mustNot":["give legal opinions on validity or infringement"],"requiresHuman":["patent attorneys for filings and opinions"]},"ethics":{"considerations":["access to medicines and technology","fair competition"],"affectedParties":["inventors","the public"]},"owners":{"steward":"the patent holder; 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they can be linked as kinds."],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q253623/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q253623/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-10-22T12:52:07Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-22T13:10:30+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 8 live sources; 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