{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.odd-toed-ungulate","code":"thing-q25374","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q25374/","name":"odd-toed ungulate","alternateNames":["Equid hybrid","Equidae","Equus","Equus caballus","Equus quagga","Tulpar"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.3","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.LIV"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"Perissodactyla, an order of mammals whose principal weight-bearing axis passes through the third digit, comprising the horses, asses and zebras of the family Equidae including the domestic horse and the plains zebra and their hybrids, the rhinoceroses and the tapirs, with about 17 living species and a rich fossil record; toe counts vary, and tapirs have four toes on their forefeet. Odd-toed ungulates digest plant matter by hindgut fermentation and include some of the most endangered large mammals and the domesticated horse, while the registry alias Tulpar is a mythical winged horse.","purpose":"Let an agent explain odd-toed ungulates and their families, relay biology, evolution and conservation from zoological sources, distinguish them from even-toed ungulates, and route to entries for specific species.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["The principal weight-bearing axis passes through the third digit.","Plant matter is digested by hindgut fermentation.","The order has three living families.","The domestic horse belongs to this order."],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"What odd-toed ungulates are.","layers":[{"id":"definition","name":"Definition","description":"Definition and families.","findings":[{"id":"definition-finding","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","questions":[{"text":"What defines the Perissodactyla, and what families and species belong to it?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is the animal an odd-toed or even-toed ungulate, or a mythical creature?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"biology","name":"Biology","description":"Biology.","findings":[{"id":"biology-finding","name":"Biology","description":"Biology.","questions":[{"text":"How do odd-toed ungulates digest, move and reproduce?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits the specific family or species?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"evolution","name":"Evolution","description":"Evolution.","layers":[{"id":"fossils","name":"Fossils","description":"Fossil record.","findings":[{"id":"fossils-finding","name":"Fossils","description":"Fossils.","questions":[{"text":"How did perissodactyls evolve and diversify, including extinct groups?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"hybrids","name":"Hybrids","description":"Equid hybrids.","findings":[{"id":"hybrids-finding","name":"Hybrids","description":"Hybrids.","questions":[{"text":"What equid hybrids such as mules and zebroids exist, and why are they usually sterile?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits equid hybrid?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"conserve","name":"Conserve","description":"Conservation.","layers":[{"id":"status","name":"Status","description":"Status and threats.","findings":[{"id":"status-finding","name":"Status","description":"Status.","questions":[{"text":"What is the conservation status of rhinoceroses, tapirs and wild equids, with sources?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which sources are cited?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"protection","name":"Protection","description":"Protection.","findings":[{"id":"protection-finding","name":"Protection","description":"Protection.","questions":[{"text":"What protection and anti-poaching measures exist?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits rhinoceros conservation?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"context","name":"Context","description":"Domestication and culture.","layers":[{"id":"domestication","name":"Domestication","description":"The horse.","findings":[{"id":"domestication-finding","name":"Domestication","description":"Domestication.","questions":[{"text":"How was the horse domesticated, and what role has it played in human history?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits horse?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"culture","name":"Culture","description":"Culture and myth.","findings":[{"id":"culture-finding","name":"Culture","description":"Culture.","questions":[{"text":"How do horses, zebras and mythical horses such as the Tulpar appear in culture?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits Tulpar?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Describe the order's families, species and conservation status from scientific sources.","Report sightings of wild rhinos, tapirs or equids to conservation authorities."],"mustNot":["Help trade in rhino horn or other protected parts.","Publish locations of endangered rhinos or tapirs that could guide poachers.","Approach or disturb wild animals of the order.","Treat domestic horses and donkeys without regard to their welfare."],"requiresHuman":["Any capture, sale or treatment of animals of the order."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Rhinos are poached for horn and several species are critically endangered.","Domestic horses and donkeys depend on their keepers for their welfare."],"affectedParties":["Rhinos, tapirs and wild equids","Domestic horses and donkeys","Rangers"]},"owners":{"steward":"Nobody for wild animals, protected by law; the keeper for domestic ones.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Species red lists","Equine passport databases"]},"relations":[{"target":"Q7377","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"mammal","type":"related","note":"in registry terms"},{"target":"Equidae","type":"related","note":"the horse family"},{"target":"even-toed ungulate","type":"related","note":"the Artiodactyla"},{"target":"horse","type":"related","note":"the domesticated species"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.odd-toed-ungulate","Wikidata: Q25374 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25374)","taxon: Perissodactyla Owen, 1848"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["living species: about 17 count","origin: about 56 million years ago - early Eocene"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Perissodactyla","Equidae, Rhinocerotidae, Tapiridae","Even-toed ungulates such as cattle and deer have two or four toes; the Tulpar is mythical","Hoofed mammals with one or three weight-bearing toes: horses, rhinos and tapirs."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain the order and families","relay biology and evolution","relay conservation status","distinguish from even-toed ungulates"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Poaching of rhinoceroses","Habitat loss for tapirs and wild equids","Confusing with even-toed ungulates","Mixing mythical and real animals"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["CITES listings for rhinoceroses and some equids","IUCN Red List assessments","Animal welfare and equine regulations for horses"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Not applicable; an order of mammals.","Equidae: horses, asses and zebras including Equus caballus and Equus quagga, and equid hybrids","Rhinocerotidae: five rhinoceros species","Tapiridae: tapirs","extinct groups such as brontotheres and chalicotheres","mythical horses such as the Tulpar as cultural references"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q25374: odd-toed ungulate","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25374","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Perissodactyla","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perissodactyla","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should Equidae and Rhinocerotidae be the primary linked entries?","How should conservation sources be linked?","The registry entry has merged aliases naming taxa, species and a mythical horse; should they be split off?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q25374/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q25374/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-13T02:25:37Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:29+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}