{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.amber","code":"thing-q25381","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q25381/","name":"amber","alternateNames":["Taimyr amber","Oise amber","Charentese amber","rumanite","amber inclusion","gedanite","Rovno Amber","Lebanese amber","Kuji amber","plaffeiite","Bitterfelder Bernstein","retinite"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.4","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.MAT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"Fossilised tree resin, hardened over millions of years, valued as a gemstone and scientific archive, especially Baltic amber about 44 million years old, with regional varieties the registry aliases name such as Taimyr amber from Siberia, Oise amber from France, Charentese amber and fossil resins gedanite from the Baltic region and rumanite from Romania; amber inclusions preserve insects, plants and even feathers and a dinosaur tail segment described from Myanmar in 2016, where the amber trade has raised ethical concerns linked to conflict, attributed. Copal is younger, less polymerised resin, and imitations of plastic or glass are common, so authentication matters.","purpose":"Let an agent explain amber, relay formation, varieties, inclusions, scientific value, trade ethics and authentication from geology, palaeontology and gemmology sources with debates attributed, describe the named varieties, and distinguish amber from copal, modern resin, plastic imitations and the colour amber.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Organic gemstone","Inclusions","Warm to touch","Regional varieties"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"What amber is.","layers":[{"id":"definition","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","findings":[{"id":"definition-finding","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","questions":[{"text":"What is amber, and how does it differ from copal, modern resin, imitations and the colour amber?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is the question about jewellery authenticity, science, trade ethics or collecting?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"varieties","name":"Varieties","description":"Named varieties.","findings":[{"id":"varieties-finding","name":"Varieties","description":"Varieties.","questions":[{"text":"What are Taimyr, Oise and Charentese amber, rumanite, gedanite and amber inclusions?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits the specific variety?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"science","name":"Science","description":"Formation and research.","layers":[{"id":"formation","name":"Formation","description":"Formation.","findings":[{"id":"formation-finding","name":"Formation","description":"Formation.","questions":[{"text":"How does resin polymerise into amber over geological time?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"inclusions","name":"Inclusions","description":"Inclusions.","findings":[{"id":"inclusions-finding","name":"Inclusions","description":"Inclusions.","questions":[{"text":"What have amber inclusions revealed, and why is DNA recovery doubtful, as researchers report?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which sources are cited?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"trade","name":"Trade","description":"Trade and authenticity.","layers":[{"id":"authentication","name":"Authentication","description":"Authentication.","findings":[{"id":"authentication-finding","name":"Authentication","description":"Authentication.","questions":[{"text":"How do gemmologists test amber against plastic, glass and copal?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits gemstone imitation?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"myanmar","name":"Myanmar amber","description":"Ethics debate.","findings":[{"id":"myanmar-finding","name":"Myanmar amber","description":"Myanmar amber.","questions":[{"text":"What do palaeontologists, journals and human rights groups argue about research on Myanmar amber, with positions attributed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the presentation neutral and attributed?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"context","name":"Context","description":"History.","layers":[{"id":"amberroad","name":"Amber Road","description":"Amber Road.","findings":[{"id":"amberroad-finding","name":"Amber Road","description":"Amber Road.","questions":[{"text":"What was the ancient Amber Road trade route?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits Amber Road?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"amberroom","name":"Amber Room","description":"Amber Room.","findings":[{"id":"amberroom-finding","name":"Amber Room","description":"Amber Room.","questions":[{"text":"What was the Amber Room, and what happened to it?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits Amber Room?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Describe amber's origin, ages and regional varieties, citing scientific sources.","Explain how genuine amber differs from imitations in general terms."],"mustNot":["Present imitations or copal as genuine amber.","Help trade amber taken from conflict areas or protected deposits without regard to the law.","Overstate the recovery of ancient DNA from amber inclusions.","Frame the ethics of conflict-area amber in a one-sided way."],"requiresHuman":["Certifying a piece of amber as genuine for sale."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Amber from some regions has funded armed conflict and harmed miners.","Fossil inclusions are scientific records that can be lost to private trade."],"affectedParties":["Buyers","Miners","Scientists"]},"owners":{"steward":"The person who holds a piece; mining and heritage laws govern deposits.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q97571524","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"fossil resin","type":"related","note":"in registry terms"},{"target":"copal","type":"related"},{"target":"amber inclusion","type":"related"},{"target":"Baltic amber","type":"related"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.amber","Wikidata: Q25381 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25381)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["Baltic amber age: about 44 million years note - Eocene","Mohs hardness: about 2-2.5 note","density: about 1.05-1.10 g per cm3 - floats in salt water"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Fossilised tree resin","Taimyr amber, Oise amber, Charentese amber, rumanite, amber inclusion, gedanite","Copal is younger resin; modern resin is fresh; plastics and glass imitate amber; the colour amber is a hue","Translucent yellow, orange or brown material, sometimes with trapped insects or plant fragments."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain formation and varieties","relay inclusions and research","present trade ethics with attribution","relay authentication"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Selling imitations as amber","Partisan framing of Myanmar amber ethics","Overstating DNA recovery claims"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Gemmological disclosure standards","Sanctions and due diligence rules affecting Myanmar amber trade","Fossil export laws"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Jewellery, decoration and scientific study.","Baltic amber and succinite","Burmese amber","Dominican amber","French amber such as Oise and Charentese","related fossil resins such as gedanite and rumanite"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q25381: amber","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25381","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Amber","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amber","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should regional amber varieties be separate entries?","How should research ethics statements on Myanmar amber be linked?","Should copal be linked for comparison?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q25381/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q25381/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-13T23:30:27Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:51:57+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}