{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.saffron","code":"thing-q25434","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q25434/","name":"saffron","alternateNames":["Zafferano dell'Aquila PDO","Azafrán de la Mancha"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.1.0-research.1","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.MAT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"Saffron is the dried red stigmas of Crocus sativus L., traded as a spice, colouring matter and traditional medicinal material whose commercial identity and grade rest on crocin, picrocrocin and safranal content.","purpose":"Enable an agent to recognise saffron, assess the condition of its living or harvested form, and determine appropriate cultivation, handling, verification or use actions.","scope":{"in":["Identification of the living plant and its harvested stigma material","Corm condition, growth stage, flowering and propagation readiness","Harvested plant parts and their connection to the source plants","Drying, storage, deterioration and quality of saffron material","Evidence of authenticity, adulteration and suitability for an intended use"],"out":["Whole-farm operations, land ownership and irrigation infrastructure","Recipes, finished foods and their overall composition","Clinical effects, treatment decisions and medicinal product authorisation","Commercial contracts, pricing and supply-chain organisations","Other crocus species, safflower and turmeric as independently modelled things"],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["For a living specimen, require a documented botanical identification using flower, stigma, leaf and corm evidence; colour or a seller's common name alone does not establish saffron identity.","For whole spice, examine whether the material has stigma morphology consistent with an authenticated saffron reference rather than petal strips, unrelated fibres or excess non-stigma floral tissue.","For powdered material, require an analytical method capable of testing the suspected substitution; its original floral morphology is no longer available for ordinary visual inspection.","Separate evidence of saffron identity from evidence of purity: a sample may contain genuine saffron alongside fillers, added colourants or other plant material.","Treat colour release and aroma observations as screening evidence whose ability to distinguish genuine, adulterated and exhausted material must be established."],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"saffron-identity-and-form","name":"Saffron identity and form","description":"Establishes what the subject is and whether the evidence concerns a living plant, harvested tissue or processed spice.","layers":[{"id":"living-plant-identification","name":"Living plant identification","description":"Tests the proposed botanical identity against observable plant evidence.","findings":[{"id":"botanical-identity-evidence","name":"Botanical identity evidence","description":"Records the basis and limitations of identifying the specimen as Crocus sativus.","questions":[{"text":"Which flower, stigma, leaf and corm observations support the identification, and which authenticated reference was used?","id":"botanical-identity-evidence-q01","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which similar plants remain plausible, especially when the specimen is not flowering?","id":"botanical-identity-evidence-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"harvested-material-identification","name":"Harvested material identification","description":"Determines the form and identity of material presented as saffron.","findings":[{"id":"stigma-material-recognition","name":"Stigma material recognition","description":"Separates observed tissue identity from labelling and distinguishes threads from powder.","questions":[{"text":"Is the material fresh stigmas, dried threads or powder, and what evidence supports its identity in that form?","id":"stigma-material-recognition-q01","kind":"definition"},{"text":"What examination distinguishes the sample from petal substitutes, unrelated fibres or coloured filler?","id":"stigma-material-recognition-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]}]},{"id":"corm-growth-and-flowering","name":"Corm growth and flowering","description":"Captures the living saffron plant's developmental state and suitability for cultivation actions.","layers":[{"id":"corm-viability","name":"Corm viability","description":"Assesses planting material through observations of corm condition.","findings":[{"id":"corm-condition-and-disposition","name":"Corm condition and disposition","description":"Connects observed corm damage, decay and development to a justified next action.","questions":[{"text":"What are the corm's dimensions, firmness, visible injuries, lesions and sprouting condition?","id":"corm-condition-and-disposition-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"What evidence supports planting, retaining, isolating or rejecting this corm?","id":"corm-condition-and-disposition-q02","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"growth-and-flower-readiness","name":"Growth and flower readiness","description":"Interprets developmental observations in their local growing context.","findings":[{"id":"stage-dependent-cultivation","name":"Stage-dependent cultivation","description":"Records the plant's current stage and the evidence needed before intervening or collecting flowers.","questions":[{"text":"What observations establish dormancy, emergence, vegetative growth, flowering or senescence?","id":"stage-dependent-cultivation-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Given the stage and observed growing conditions, what cultivation or flower-collection action is justified?","id":"stage-dependent-cultivation-q02","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"flower-to-spice-transformation","name":"Flower-to-spice transformation","description":"Tracks the origin, separation and drying of the floral material that becomes saffron spice.","layers":[{"id":"harvest-and-part-selection","name":"Harvest and part selection","description":"Connects collected flowers and separated tissues to an identifiable harvest.","findings":[{"id":"selected-floral-material","name":"Selected floral material","description":"Establishes harvest origin and the actual floral parts retained.","questions":[{"text":"Which growing lot and harvest event produced this material, and were multiple harvests combined?","id":"selected-floral-material-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which floral parts were retained, including attached style or other tissue, and how was that composition assessed?","id":"selected-floral-material-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]},{"id":"drying-and-material-continuity","name":"Drying and material continuity","description":"Records the processing history needed to interpret the resulting spice.","findings":[{"id":"drying-history-and-endpoint","name":"Drying history and endpoint","description":"Connects drying conditions and endpoint evidence to the identity of the finished material.","questions":[{"text":"What drying method, duration and measured temperature history were applied to the separated material?","id":"drying-history-and-endpoint-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"What measured endpoint justified ending drying and moving the material into storage?","id":"drying-history-and-endpoint-q02","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Was the material subsequently ground, blended or reprocessed, and which resulting portions retain this history?","id":"drying-history-and-endpoint-q03","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"saffron-authenticity-and-quality","name":"Saffron authenticity and quality","description":"Evaluates authenticity and quality through explicitly scoped observations and tests.","layers":[{"id":"substitution-and-addition","name":"Substitution and addition","description":"Examines suspected replacement material, fillers and added colourants.","findings":[{"id":"adulteration-test-coverage","name":"Adulteration test coverage","description":"Records what a test can detect and limits conclusions to the sampled material and method.","questions":[{"text":"Which suspected substitutes or additives does the selected method detect, and which remain outside its scope?","id":"adulteration-test-coverage-q01","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"What result, detection limit and sampling basis support the adulteration assessment?","id":"adulteration-test-coverage-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]},{"id":"sensory-and-analytical-quality","name":"Sensory and analytical quality","description":"Assesses the material's colour, aroma and flavour-related condition without inventing universal thresholds.","findings":[{"id":"quality-evidence-and-grade","name":"Quality evidence and grade","description":"Links any quality or grade claim to a named method and applicable interpretation.","questions":[{"text":"What sensory observations and analytical results describe the sample's colour, aroma and flavour-related quality?","id":"quality-evidence-and-grade-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Which specification and version support a claimed grade, and does that specification apply to this material form?","id":"quality-evidence-and-grade-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"spice-preservation-and-use-readiness","name":"Spice preservation and use readiness","description":"Determines whether stored saffron remains suitable for a specified next use.","layers":[{"id":"storage-and-deterioration","name":"Storage and deterioration","description":"Relates package and exposure history to observed changes in saffron material.","findings":[{"id":"stored-material-condition","name":"Stored material condition","description":"Records evidence of moisture change, sensory deterioration, infestation or other damage.","questions":[{"text":"What packaging, opening history and recorded light, temperature or humidity exposures apply to this portion?","id":"stored-material-condition-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"What changes in moisture condition, aroma, colour or visible contamination have been observed since packing?","id":"stored-material-condition-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]},{"id":"intended-use-disposition","name":"Intended-use disposition","description":"Translates current evidence into a bounded handling or acceptance decision.","findings":[{"id":"release-hold-or-reject","name":"Release, hold or reject","description":"Records whether the material meets the evidence requirements for its stated use.","questions":[{"text":"What authenticity, condition and contamination requirements apply to the intended use, and which remain unevaluated?","id":"release-hold-or-reject-q01","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"Should this material be accepted, held for testing, segregated or rejected, and what evidence supports that action?","id":"release-hold-or-reject-q02","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"evidence-and-external-alignment","name":"Evidence and external alignment","description":"What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.","layers":[{"id":"reported-evidence","name":"Reported evidence","description":"Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.","findings":[{"id":"evidence-kinds","name":"Kinds and varieties","description":"Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of saffron this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-kinds-q01","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Grade and label saffron by tested quality and stated origin.","Store, weigh and dispense saffron following food hygiene rules."],"mustNot":["Sell adulterated, dyed or substituted saffron as genuine.","Misstate origin or grade to raise the price.","Recommend saffron as a medical treatment or in doses beyond culinary use without medical advice.","Confuse saffron with toxic look-alike plants such as autumn crocus."],"requiresHuman":["Recommending saffron to pregnant people or as a supplement."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Saffron is costly and labour intensive, so fraud is common and harvest workers are often poorly paid.","Adulteration can expose eaters to unsafe dyes."],"affectedParties":["Consumers","Saffron growers and pickers","Honest traders"]},"owners":{"steward":"The producer or trader who holds it; food safety authorities set the rules for sale.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q2349698","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q42527","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q753009","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q911922","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.saffron","Wikidata: Q25434 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25434)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["Represented form: living plant | corm | fresh floral harvest | fresh stigmas | dried threads | powder","Identity assessment: unassessed | provisionally identified | supported by stated method | disputed","Plant developmental stage: dormant | emerging | vegetative | flowering | senescing | uncertain","Corm condition: recorded firmness, lesions, visible decay, damage and sprouting condition","Harvest origin: links to source plants or growing lot, location and harvest event; unknown where unsupported","Floral-part composition: observed stigma, attached style, other floral tissue and foreign material","Moisture condition: moisture content in % with method and basis; water activity as a separate dimensionless measurement","Quality-test results: method-specific results, units, sampling date and uncertainty for relevant colour, aroma or flavour indicators","Adulteration assessment: not tested | suspected | detected | not detected within stated test scope | inconclusive","Storage exposure: elapsed storage time, temperature in °C, relative humidity in %, and recorded light or package exposure where available"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Thin deep red threads that widen into a trumpet at one end.","Colours water slowly yellow-orange rather than red at once.","Strong honey-like, slightly bitter aroma."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["Identify a plant or spice sample using evidence appropriate to its physical form.","Assess a corm or growing plant before planting, propagation or harvest.","Separate harvested floral parts and document the transformation into dried saffron.","Sample material for authenticity, moisture, contamination or quality testing.","Select or revise storage and handling conditions using measured condition and applicable guidance.","Accept, hold, segregate or reject material for a specified use while preserving the evidence and unresolved concerns."]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Adulteration with dyed fibres, other flower parts or synthetic colourants.","Loss of colour and aroma with light, heat and age.","Harmful effects at high doses beyond culinary use."]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["ISO 3632, Spices - Saffron (Crocus sativus L.), International Organization for Standardization."]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Saffron is used in cooking to impart colour, aroma and flavour to foods such as rice dishes, baked goods and desserts.","It is encountered as dried threads or powder in food production, spice trading and authenticity testing.","It also appears in traditional medicinal and dyeing practices, where intended use determines the relevant quality assessment."]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q25434: saffron","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25434","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Saffron","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saffron","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Does vr.tr.saffron intentionally cover both the living plant and harvested spice, or does an existing registry or world model own one of those forms?","Which authoritative botanical references and diagnostic observations are sufficient to identify non-flowering saffron plants and detached corms?","Which current quality specifications apply to whole threads and powder, including permitted floral-part composition and method-specific thresholds?","Which validated methods best distinguish the relevant substitutes, added colourants and exhausted material, and what uncertainty remains after testing?","Which cultivation, drying and storage decision thresholds are supported for the relevant growing region, processing method and intended use?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q25434/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q25434/spec.json"],"providers":["Codex","Grok"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-07T14:24:21Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:29+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}