{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.turkish","code":"thing-q256","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q256/","name":"Turkish","alternateNames":["Turkish language in Bulgaria","Syrian and Lebanon Turkish","Meskhetian Turkish","Golan dialect","Syrian Turkmen Turkish","Öztürkçe","Karamanli Turkish","Ottoman Turkish","lubunca","Old Anatolian Turkish","Turkish dialects","Cypriot Turkish"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.2","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Information and virtual systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"INF","domain":["INF.MED"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A Turkic language of the Western Oghuz branch spoken by about eighty million people, mainly in Turkey and Northern Cyprus and by communities in the Balkans, Bulgaria, Syria, Lebanon, the Caucasus, Central Asia and Western Europe, with dialects such as Meskhetian Turkish and varieties of Syrian and Lebanese Turkish; Turkish is agglutinative with vowel harmony, written in a Latin alphabet since 1928, and regulated by the Turkish Language Association, including the purified vocabulary movement known as Ozturkce.","purpose":"Let an agent explain the Turkish language, its grammar, writing and varieties, support learning and translation, describe its history and regulation, and handle diaspora and minority contexts neutrally.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Agglutinative","Vowel harmony","Latin script","Language reform history"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"The language.","layers":[{"id":"structure","name":"Structure","description":"Grammar and writing.","findings":[{"id":"structure-finding","name":"Structure","description":"Structure.","questions":[{"text":"What are the main features of Turkish grammar, vowel harmony, agglutination and the Latin alphabet?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"How does Turkish relate to other Turkic languages, according to linguists?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"varieties","name":"Varieties","description":"Varieties.","findings":[{"id":"varieties-finding","name":"Varieties","description":"Varieties.","questions":[{"text":"How do Cypriot, Balkan, Meskhetian, Syrian and Lebanese and diaspora varieties differ from standard Turkish?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the presentation neutral on minority contexts?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"learn","name":"Learn","description":"Learning Turkish.","layers":[{"id":"learning","name":"Learning","description":"Learning.","findings":[{"id":"learning-finding","name":"Learning","description":"Learning.","questions":[{"text":"How can someone learn Turkish, and which resources and tests exist?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits a specific resource?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"translate","name":"Translate","description":"Translation.","findings":[{"id":"translate-finding","name":"Translate","description":"Translation.","questions":[{"text":"What pitfalls arise in translating Turkish, including word order and evidentiality?","kind":"action"},{"text":"Which entry fits translation?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"society","name":"Society","description":"Turkish in society.","layers":[{"id":"regulation","name":"Regulation","description":"Language regulation.","findings":[{"id":"regulation-finding","name":"Regulation","description":"Regulation.","questions":[{"text":"How does the Turkish Language Association regulate the language, and what was the purification movement?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits language policy?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"minorities","name":"Minorities","description":"Turkish speakers abroad.","findings":[{"id":"minorities-finding","name":"Minorities","description":"Minorities.","questions":[{"text":"What is the status of Turkish speakers in Bulgaria, the Balkans, Syria and elsewhere, according to official and scholarly sources?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits a specific community?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History and culture.","layers":[{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History of Turkish.","findings":[{"id":"history-finding","name":"History","description":"History.","questions":[{"text":"How did Turkish develop from Old Anatolian and Ottoman Turkish to the modern language and the 1928 alphabet reform?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"culture","name":"Culture","description":"Literature and media.","findings":[{"id":"culture-finding","name":"Culture","description":"Culture.","questions":[{"text":"How has Turkish literature and media shaped the language?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which misconceptions arise?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Explain Turkish grammar, vowel harmony, writing and varieties.","Translate to and from Turkish, noting uncertainty and register.","Support learners with general resources and practice."],"mustNot":["Conflate Turkish with other Turkic languages such as Azerbaijani or Turkmen.","Present contested minority or political questions as settled in one side's favour.","Translate legal, medical or official documents as certified without a qualified translator.","Stereotype or disparage Turkish speakers."],"requiresHuman":["Providing translation for legal, medical or asylum proceedings."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Language policy has affected minorities in Turkey and Turkish speakers abroad.","Mistranslation in official settings can harm people's rights."],"affectedParties":["Turkish speakers","Learners and translators","Minority language communities"]},"owners":{"steward":"Nobody owns it; it belongs to its speakers, and the national language institution publishes the standard.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q97725298","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Western Oghuz","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"orthography","type":"related","note":"the 1928 alphabet reform"},{"target":"Uralic","type":"related","note":"another language family entry"},{"target":"conjugation","type":"related","note":"Turkish verb inflection"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.turkish","Wikidata: Q256 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q256)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":[]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Western Oghuz Turkic language","Latin alphabet since 1928","Azerbaijani and Turkmen are related but distinct languages","Not physical; speech and Latin-alphabet text."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain grammar and writing","describe varieties","support learning and translation","describe history and regulation"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Conflating Turkish with other Turkic languages","Politicised presentation of minority contexts","Outdated vocabulary after language reform"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Standards of the Turkish Language Association","Minority language rights in countries with Turkish speakers","Proficiency testing standards"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["The Turkish language.","Standard Turkish of Turkey","Cypriot Turkish","Balkan and Bulgarian Turkish","Meskhetian, Syrian and Lebanese varieties","diaspora Turkish in Western Europe"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q256: Turkish","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q256","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Turkish language","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_language","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should each variety be a separate entry?","How should learning resources be linked?","How should minority contexts be attributed?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q256/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q256/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-12T00:43:31Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:51:57+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane INF: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}